Fertility & birth rates in Cuba and Portugal

Fertility rate in Cuba vs Portugal by year

Chart Table

Cuba

Portugal

1x

Year	Fertility rate
	Cuba	Portugal
2023	1.44	1.44
2022	1.41	1.43
2021	1.43	1.35
2020	1.49	1.42
2019	1.54	1.44
2018	1.61	1.42
2017	1.59	1.38
2016	1.6	1.37
2015	1.69	1.31
2014	1.66	1.24
2013	1.68	1.21
2012	1.67	1.28
2011	1.73	1.35
2010	1.67	1.39
2009	1.68	1.34
2008	1.58	1.39
2007	1.44	1.35
2006	1.4	1.37
2005	1.49	1.41
2004	1.55	1.4
2003	1.63	1.44
2002	1.65	1.46
2001	1.6	1.45
2000	1.61	1.55
1999	1.64	1.5
1998	1.62	1.47
1997	1.59	1.47
1996	1.46	1.44
1995	1.48	1.41
1994	1.47	1.45
1993	1.49	1.52
1992	1.56	1.54
1991	1.66	1.56
1990	1.81	1.56
1989	1.83	1.57
1988	1.85	1.61
1987	1.8	1.62
1986	1.78	1.66
1985	1.77	1.72
1984	1.77	1.9
1983	1.8	1.95
1982	1.78	2.07
1981	1.59	2.13
1980	1.64	2.25
1979	1.77	2.31
1978	1.88	2.45
1977	2.21	2.69
1976	2.51	2.82
1975	2.82	2.75
1974	3.16	2.7
1973	3.4	2.77
1972	3.61	2.86
1971	3.8	3
1970	3.98	3.01
1969	4.12	3.12
1968	4.19	3.12
1967	4.29	3.16
1966	4.4	3.16
1965	4.5	3.15
1964	4.53	3.21
1963	4.56	3.12
1962	4.42	3.23
1961	4.26	3.21
1960	4.13	3.16

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Cuba was 1.44 children per woman in 2023, compared to 1.44 in Portugal in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Cuba vs Portugal population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

Natural population change by year

Chart Table

Cuba

Portugal

1x

Year	Natural population change
	Cuba	Portugal
2023	-15,880	-32,792
2022	-17,961	-40,694
2021	-71,616	-45,592
2020	-12,808	-39,129
2019	-4,245	-24,687
2018	3,436	-25,709
2017	2,306	-23,691
2016	9,677	-23,749
2015	20,464	-23,823
2014	22,448	-22,882
2013	29,827	-24,052
2012	33,864	-17,875
2011	40,753	-5,279
2010	37,021	-4,230
2009	37,543	-5,284
2008	32,848	0
2007	24,617	-1,055
2006	24,508	3,156
2005	36,660	2,101
2004	44,258	7,339
2003	56,170	4,184
2002	58,212	8,335
2001	57,325	8,290
2000	61,133	15,435
1999	69,069	8,175
1998	71,284	7,112
1997	71,828	8,087
1996	61,837	4,026
1995	66,809	4,011
1994	68,604	9,991
1993	73,221	7,972
1992	83,461	13,933
1991	95,398	12,948
1990	112,378	13,976
1989	114,865	22,011
1988	116,626	24,047
1987	109,617	28,084
1986	105,997	31,102
1985	103,228	33,077
1984	101,670	45,983
1983	101,858	47,798
1982	95,866	58,479
1981	74,067	56,152
1980	74,271	63,481
1979	81,192	67,628
1978	86,864	70,731
1977	106,875	84,156
1976	125,383	85,138
1975	144,964	81,841
1974	165,099	74,412
1973	177,387	76,835
1972	187,588	83,715
1971	195,106	82,980
1970	201,823	87,672
1969	205,581	89,329
1968	205,487	100,737
1967	207,245	106,495
1966	209,179	107,171
1965	211,322	115,182
1964	209,315	120,170
1963	205,788	113,783
1962	196,423	123,217
1961	183,806	117,867
1960	172,816	118,693

The chart above illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes in population resulting from births and deaths.

Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was -0.14% in Cuba and -0.31% in Portugal.

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change has been -0.06% in Cuba and -0.29% in Portugal.

Birth rate in Cuba vs Portugal by year

Chart Table

Cuba

Portugal

Annual births per 1,000 people

1x

Year	Annual births per 1,000 people
	Cuba	Portugal
2023	8.71	8.1
2022	8.66	8
2021	8.81	7.6
2020	9.26	8.1
2019	9.67	8.4
2018	10.2	8.4
2017	10.1	8.3
2016	10.3	8.4
2015	10.9	8.2
2014	10.9	7.9
2013	11.2	7.9
2012	11.2	8.5
2011	11.8	9.2
2010	11.4	9.6
2009	11.5	9.4
2008	10.9	9.9
2007	10	9.7
2006	9.87	10
2005	10.6	10.4
2004	11.3	10.4
2003	12.1	10.8
2002	12.5	11
2001	12.4	10.9
2000	12.9	11.7
1999	13.5	11.4
1998	13.7	11.2
1997	13.8	11.2
1996	13	11
1995	13.5	10.7
1994	13.7	10.9
1993	14.1	11.4
1992	15	11.5
1991	16.1	11.7
1990	17.6	11.7
1989	17.8	11.8
1988	18	12.2
1987	17.3	12.3
1986	17	12.6
1985	16.7	13
1984	16.5	14.3
1983	16.5	14.5
1982	15.9	15.2
1981	13.9	15.4
1980	13.9	16.2
1979	14.6	16.6
1978	15.1	17.5
1977	17.3	19.1
1976	19.4	20
1975	21.6	19.8
1974	24.1	19.6
1973	25.8	20
1972	27.2	20.2
1971	28.5	21
1970	29.9	20.8
1969	31	21.7
1968	31.6	22.1
1967	32.5	22.8
1966	33.4	23.2
1965	34.4	23.4
1964	34.9	24
1963	35.4	23.5
1962	34.6	24.5
1961	33.7	24.4
1960	32.8	24.1

The latest reported birth rate per 1,000 people in 2023 was 8.71 in Cuba and 8.1 in Portugal, compared with 32.8 and 24.1, respectively, in 1960.

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Chart Table

Cuba

Factual

UN forecast

Portugal

Factual

UN forecast

1x

Year	Young
	Cuba	Portugal
2100	10.9%	13.8%
2099	10.9%	13.8%
2098	10.9%	13.8%
2097	10.9%	13.8%
2096	10.9%	13.9%
2095	10.9%	13.9%
2094	10.9%	13.9%
2093	10.9%	14%
2092	10.9%	14%
2091	10.9%	14%
2090	11%	14.1%
2089	11%	14.1%
2088	11%	14.1%
2087	11%	14.1%
2086	11%	14.2%
2085	11%	14.2%
2084	11%	14.2%
2083	11%	14.2%
2082	11.1%	14.2%
2081	11.1%	14.2%
2080	11.1%	14.2%
2079	11.1%	14.2%
2078	11.1%	14.2%
2077	11.1%	14.1%
2076	11.1%	14.1%
2075	11.1%	14.1%
2074	11.1%	14%
2073	11.1%	14%
2072	11.1%	13.9%
2071	11.2%	13.9%
2070	11.2%	13.8%
2069	11.2%	13.8%
2068	11.2%	13.7%
2067	11.2%	13.7%
2066	11.2%	13.6%
2065	11.2%	13.6%
2064	11.2%	13.5%
2063	11.3%	13.5%
2062	11.3%	13.5%
2061	11.3%	13.5%
2060	11.3%	13.5%
2059	11.4%	13.5%
2058	11.4%	13.5%
2057	11.5%	13.5%
2056	11.5%	13.5%
2055	11.5%	13.5%
2054	11.6%	13.5%
2053	11.7%	13.5%
2052	11.7%	13.5%
2051	11.8%	13.5%
2050	11.9%	13.5%
2049	11.9%	13.5%
2048	12%	13.4%
2047	12%	13.4%
2046	12.1%	13.4%
2045	12.2%	13.3%
2044	12.2%	13.3%
2043	12.3%	13.2%
2042	12.3%	13.1%
2041	12.4%	13.1%
2040	12.4%	13%
2039	12.5%	13%
2038	12.5%	13%
2037	12.6%	12.9%
2036	12.6%	12.8%
2035	12.7%	12.8%
2034	12.9%	12.7%
2033	13.1%	12.7%
2032	13.3%	12.7%
2031	13.5%	12.7%
2030	13.8%	12.7%
2029	14%	12.6%
2028	14.3%	12.6%
2027	14.6%	12.6%
2026	14.9%	12.7%
2025	15.2%	12.8%
2024	15.3%	12.8%
2023	15.5%	12.9%
2022	15.7%	13%
2021	15.8%	13.1%
2020	15.8%	13.3%
2019	16%	13.5%
2018	16.1%	13.7%
2017	16.3%	13.9%
2016	16.5%	14.1%
2015	16.7%	14.3%
2014	16.9%	14.6%
2013	17.1%	14.8%
2012	17.3%	14.9%
2011	17.5%	15%
2010	17.7%	15.2%
2009	17.9%	15.4%
2008	18.2%	15.5%
2007	18.5%	15.6%
2006	18.9%	15.8%
2005	19.4%	15.9%
2004	19.8%	16%
2003	20.2%	16.1%
2002	20.6%	16.1%
2001	20.9%	16.2%
2000	21.3%	16.4%
1999	21.5%	16.6%
1998	21.8%	16.8%
1997	22%	17.1%
1996	22.1%	17.4%
1995	22.1%	17.8%
1994	22.1%	18.2%
1993	22.2%	18.6%
1992	22.4%	19.1%
1991	22.5%	19.7%
1990	22.8%	20.5%
1989	23.1%	21.2%
1988	23.6%	21.9%
1987	24.3%	22.5%
1986	25.2%	23.1%
1985	26.1%	23.7%
1984	27.1%	24.1%
1983	28.1%	24.5%
1982	29.3%	25%
1981	30.5%	25.4%
1980	31.9%	25.9%
1979	33.2%	26.4%
1978	34.3%	26.8%
1977	35.4%	27.1%
1976	36.2%	27.2%
1975	36.8%	27.4%
1974	37.3%	27.7%
1973	37.6%	27.9%
1972	37.8%	28.2%
1971	37.9%	28.4%
1970	38%	28.7%
1969	37.9%	29.1%
1968	37.8%	29.2%
1967	37.7%	29.2%
1966	37.5%	29.2%
1965	37.3%	29.1%
1964	37.1%	29.1%
1963	36.8%	29.1%
1962	36.5%	29.1%
1961	36.2%	29.1%
1960	36%	29.3%

Children aged 0-14 make up 15.3% of the population in Cuba and 12.8% in Portugal in 2024, compared to 22.8% and 20.5% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Cuba and Portugal compared.

Maternal mortality chart: Cuba vs Portugal

Chart Table

Cuba

Portugal

1x

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Cuba	Portugal
2023	35	15
2022	41	16
2021	172	19
2020	40	14
2019	40	15
2018	39	14
2017	39	13
2016	40	12
2015	41	11
2014	42	11
2013	42	10
2012	42	10
2011	44	10
2010	44	10
2009	45	9
2008	44	9
2007	42	8
2006	42	8
2005	43	8
2004	44	8
2003	44	8
2002	45	9
2001	46	9
2000	48	9
1999	51	10
1998	54	11
1997	57	12
1996	59	12
1995	62	12
1994	64	13
1993	65	15
1992	66	16
1991	66	17
1990	66	17
1989	66	18
1988	68	18
1987	69	19
1986	70	19
1985	70	20

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 35 deaths per 100,000 live births in Cuba, compared to 15 deaths in Portugal.

Under-five mortality rates

Chart Table

Cuba

Portugal

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

1x

Year	Under 5 mortality rate
	Cuba	Portugal
2023	0.83%	0.32%
2022	0.79%	0.32%
2021	0.76%	0.33%
2020	0.72%	0.34%
2019	0.69%	0.35%
2018	0.66%	0.35%
2017	0.64%	0.36%
2016	0.62%	0.36%
2015	0.61%	0.36%
2014	0.6%	0.36%
2013	0.6%	0.36%
2012	0.6%	0.37%
2011	0.61%	0.37%
2010	0.62%	0.38%
2009	0.63%	0.39%
2008	0.65%	0.4%
2007	0.66%	0.42%
2006	0.69%	0.44%
2005	0.71%	0.47%
2004	0.73%	0.5%
2003	0.76%	0.55%
2002	0.79%	0.61%
2001	0.82%	0.66%
2000	0.86%	0.72%
1999	0.89%	0.77%
1998	0.93%	0.82%
1997	0.97%	0.86%
1996	1.01%	0.92%
1995	1.06%	0.98%
1994	1.11%	1.05%
1993	1.16%	1.14%
1992	1.22%	1.25%
1991	1.28%	1.36%
1990	1.34%	1.47%
1989	1.41%	1.59%
1988	1.49%	1.7%
1987	1.56%	1.82%
1986	1.64%	1.93%
1985	1.73%	2.04%
1984	1.81%	2.16%
1983	1.9%	2.29%
1982	2%	2.43%
1981	2.11%	2.58%
1980	2.22%	2.75%
1979	2.34%	2.97%
1978	2.47%	3.24%
1977	2.62%	3.57%
1976	2.77%	3.94%
1975	2.94%	4.35%
1974	3.11%	4.79%
1973	3.29%	5.27%
1972	3.47%	5.78%
1971	3.65%	6.3%
1970	3.82%	6.81%
1969	3.97%	7.22%
1968	4.11%	7.51%
1967	4.22%	7.76%
1966	4.31%	8.09%
1965	4.38%	8.53%
1964	4.43%	9.1%
1963	4.45%	9.76%
1962	4.45%	10.4%
1961	4.44%	11%
1960	4.41%	11.4%

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 0.83% in Cuba and 0.32% in Portugal. Above is a chart with historical data on under-five mortality rates.