Fertility & birth rates in Cuba and Ecuador

Fertility rate in Cuba vs Ecuador by year

Chart Table

Cuba

Ecuador

1x

Year	Fertility rate
	Cuba	Ecuador
2023	1.44	1.82
2022	1.41	1.86
2021	1.43	1.91
2020	1.49	1.97
2019	1.54	2.04
2018	1.61	2.11
2017	1.59	2.13
2016	1.6	2.12
2015	1.69	2.21
2014	1.66	2.27
2013	1.68	2.36
2012	1.67	2.51
2011	1.73	2.61
2010	1.67	2.62
2009	1.68	2.68
2008	1.58	2.69
2007	1.44	2.7
2006	1.4	2.75
2005	1.49	2.8
2004	1.55	2.85
2003	1.63	2.91
2002	1.65	2.97
2001	1.6	3.04
2000	1.61	3.1
1999	1.64	3.17
1998	1.62	3.23
1997	1.59	3.29
1996	1.46	3.35
1995	1.48	3.38
1994	1.47	3.42
1993	1.49	3.49
1992	1.56	3.58
1991	1.66	3.63
1990	1.81	3.68
1989	1.83	3.74
1988	1.85	3.79
1987	1.8	3.87
1986	1.78	4
1985	1.77	4.14
1984	1.77	4.31
1983	1.8	4.39
1982	1.78	4.5
1981	1.59	4.61
1980	1.64	4.73
1979	1.77	4.86
1978	1.88	4.99
1977	2.21	5.13
1976	2.51	5.28
1975	2.82	5.43
1974	3.16	5.58
1973	3.4	5.73
1972	3.61	5.87
1971	3.8	6.01
1970	3.98	6.14
1969	4.12	6.25
1968	4.19	6.35
1967	4.29	6.44
1966	4.4	6.51
1965	4.5	6.56
1964	4.53	6.61
1963	4.56	6.65
1962	4.42	6.68
1961	4.26	6.7
1960	4.13	6.72

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Cuba was 1.44 children per woman in 2023, compared to 1.82 in Ecuador in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Cuba vs Ecuador population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

Natural population change by year

Chart Table

Cuba

Ecuador

1x

Year	Natural population change
	Cuba	Ecuador
2023	-15,880	178,093
2022	-17,961	179,308
2021	-71,616	155,146
2020	-12,808	156,458
2019	-4,245	211,045
2018	3,436	219,513
2017	2,306	211,355
2016	9,677	208,245
2015	20,464	219,399
2014	22,448	225,790
2013	29,827	234,103
2012	33,864	249,825
2011	40,753	258,171
2010	37,021	257,404
2009	37,543	260,892
2008	32,848	257,894
2007	24,617	253,419
2006	24,508	254,184
2005	36,660	255,295
2004	44,258	257,436
2003	56,170	258,928
2002	58,212	259,446
2001	57,325	259,376
2000	61,133	259,837
1999	69,069	261,650
1998	71,284	263,927
1997	71,828	266,020
1996	61,837	267,695
1995	66,809	264,449
1994	68,604	261,788
1993	73,221	260,330
1992	83,461	259,787
1991	95,398	257,713
1990	112,378	252,919
1989	114,865	248,129
1988	116,626	241,191
1987	109,617	237,724
1986	105,997	237,084
1985	103,228	236,438
1984	101,670	236,543
1983	101,858	231,336
1982	95,866	227,606
1981	74,067	224,073
1980	74,271	220,120
1979	81,192	216,162
1978	86,864	212,497
1977	106,875	209,095
1976	125,383	205,366
1975	144,964	202,407
1974	165,099	199,276
1973	177,387	196,028
1972	187,588	192,136
1971	195,106	187,995
1970	201,823	183,517
1969	205,581	178,403
1968	205,487	173,828
1967	207,245	168,629
1966	209,179	163,317
1965	211,322	157,915
1964	209,315	152,263
1963	205,788	146,531
1962	196,423	140,943
1961	183,806	135,573
1960	172,816	130,368

The chart above illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes in population resulting from births and deaths.

Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was -0.14% in Cuba and +0.99% in Ecuador.

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change has been -0.06% in Cuba and +1.15% in Ecuador.

Birth rate in Cuba vs Ecuador by year

Chart Table

Cuba

Ecuador

Annual births per 1,000 people

1x

Year	Annual births per 1,000 people
	Cuba	Ecuador
2023	8.71	15
2022	8.66	15.4
2021	8.81	15.9
2020	9.26	16.4
2019	9.67	16.9
2018	10.2	17.5
2017	10.1	17.7
2016	10.3	17.6
2015	10.9	18.4
2014	10.9	18.9
2013	11.2	19.7
2012	11.2	20.9
2011	11.8	21.8
2010	11.4	21.9
2009	11.5	22.4
2008	10.9	22.5
2007	10	22.6
2006	9.87	23
2005	10.6	23.3
2004	11.3	23.7
2003	12.1	24.2
2002	12.5	24.7
2001	12.4	25.1
2000	12.9	25.6
1999	13.5	26.1
1998	13.7	26.6
1997	13.8	27.1
1996	13	27.7
1995	13.5	27.9
1994	13.7	28.2
1993	14.1	28.7
1992	15	29.3
1991	16.1	29.7
1990	17.6	29.9
1989	17.8	30.2
1988	18	30.4
1987	17.3	30.8
1986	17	31.5
1985	16.7	32.3
1984	16.5	33.3
1983	16.5	33.6
1982	15.9	34.1
1981	13.9	34.7
1980	13.9	35.2
1979	14.6	35.7
1978	15.1	36.3
1977	17.3	36.9
1976	19.4	37.6
1975	21.6	38.2
1974	24.1	38.9
1973	25.8	39.5
1972	27.2	40.1
1971	28.5	40.7
1970	29.9	41.2
1969	31	41.7
1968	31.6	42
1967	32.5	42.4
1966	33.4	42.6
1965	34.4	42.9
1964	34.9	43.1
1963	35.4	43.2
1962	34.6	43.4
1961	33.7	43.5
1960	32.8	43.7

The latest reported birth rate per 1,000 people in 2023 was 8.71 in Cuba and 15 in Ecuador, compared with 32.8 and 43.7, respectively, in 1960.

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Chart Table

Cuba

Factual

UN forecast

Ecuador

Factual

UN forecast

1x

Year	Young
	Cuba	Ecuador
2100	10.9%	12.9%
2099	10.9%	12.9%
2098	10.9%	12.9%
2097	10.9%	12.9%
2096	10.9%	12.9%
2095	10.9%	13%
2094	10.9%	13%
2093	10.9%	13%
2092	10.9%	13%
2091	10.9%	13.1%
2090	11%	13.1%
2089	11%	13.2%
2088	11%	13.2%
2087	11%	13.3%
2086	11%	13.3%
2085	11%	13.4%
2084	11%	13.4%
2083	11%	13.5%
2082	11.1%	13.5%
2081	11.1%	13.6%
2080	11.1%	13.6%
2079	11.1%	13.7%
2078	11.1%	13.7%
2077	11.1%	13.8%
2076	11.1%	13.9%
2075	11.1%	13.9%
2074	11.1%	14%
2073	11.1%	14.1%
2072	11.1%	14.1%
2071	11.2%	14.2%
2070	11.2%	14.3%
2069	11.2%	14.4%
2068	11.2%	14.4%
2067	11.2%	14.5%
2066	11.2%	14.6%
2065	11.2%	14.7%
2064	11.2%	14.8%
2063	11.3%	15%
2062	11.3%	15.1%
2061	11.3%	15.2%
2060	11.3%	15.4%
2059	11.4%	15.5%
2058	11.4%	15.7%
2057	11.5%	15.8%
2056	11.5%	16%
2055	11.5%	16.2%
2054	11.6%	16.4%
2053	11.7%	16.5%
2052	11.7%	16.7%
2051	11.8%	16.9%
2050	11.9%	17.1%
2049	11.9%	17.3%
2048	12%	17.5%
2047	12%	17.7%
2046	12.1%	17.9%
2045	12.2%	18.1%
2044	12.2%	18.3%
2043	12.3%	18.5%
2042	12.3%	18.7%
2041	12.4%	18.8%
2040	12.4%	19%
2039	12.5%	19.2%
2038	12.5%	19.4%
2037	12.6%	19.6%
2036	12.6%	19.8%
2035	12.7%	20.1%
2034	12.9%	20.4%
2033	13.1%	20.7%
2032	13.3%	21.1%
2031	13.5%	21.4%
2030	13.8%	21.7%
2029	14%	22.1%
2028	14.3%	22.6%
2027	14.6%	23.1%
2026	14.9%	23.6%
2025	15.2%	24.2%
2024	15.3%	24.5%
2023	15.5%	25%
2022	15.7%	25.5%
2021	15.8%	26%
2020	15.8%	26.4%
2019	16%	26.9%
2018	16.1%	27.4%
2017	16.3%	28%
2016	16.5%	28.5%
2015	16.7%	29%
2014	16.9%	29.6%
2013	17.1%	30.1%
2012	17.3%	30.5%
2011	17.5%	30.9%
2010	17.7%	31.3%
2009	17.9%	31.7%
2008	18.2%	32.1%
2007	18.5%	32.6%
2006	18.9%	33%
2005	19.4%	33.5%
2004	19.8%	33.9%
2003	20.2%	34.3%
2002	20.6%	34.7%
2001	20.9%	35%
2000	21.3%	35.4%
1999	21.5%	35.7%
1998	21.8%	36.1%
1997	22%	36.4%
1996	22.1%	36.8%
1995	22.1%	37.1%
1994	22.1%	37.4%
1993	22.2%	37.7%
1992	22.4%	38.1%
1991	22.5%	38.4%
1990	22.8%	38.7%
1989	23.1%	39.1%
1988	23.6%	39.5%
1987	24.3%	39.9%
1986	25.2%	40.3%
1985	26.1%	40.7%
1984	27.1%	41.1%
1983	28.1%	41.4%
1982	29.3%	41.8%
1981	30.5%	42.1%
1980	31.9%	42.4%
1979	33.2%	42.7%
1978	34.3%	43%
1977	35.4%	43.2%
1976	36.2%	43.4%
1975	36.8%	43.6%
1974	37.3%	43.8%
1973	37.6%	43.9%
1972	37.8%	44.1%
1971	37.9%	44.2%
1970	38%	44.2%
1969	37.9%	44.3%
1968	37.8%	44.3%
1967	37.7%	44.4%
1966	37.5%	44.4%
1965	37.3%	44.4%
1964	37.1%	44.4%
1963	36.8%	44.4%
1962	36.5%	44.3%
1961	36.2%	44.1%
1960	36%	43.9%

Children aged 0-14 make up 15.3% of the population in Cuba and 24.5% in Ecuador in 2024, compared to 22.8% and 38.7% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Cuba and Ecuador compared.

Maternal mortality chart: Cuba vs Ecuador

Chart Table

Cuba

Ecuador

1x

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Cuba	Ecuador
2023	35	55
2022	41	69
2021	172	93
2020	40	91
2019	40	62
2018	39	61
2017	39	62
2016	40	65
2015	41	64
2014	42	65
2013	42	68
2012	42	72
2011	44	77
2010	44	80
2009	45	82
2008	44	83
2007	42	86
2006	42	90
2005	43	94
2004	44	97
2003	44	102
2002	45	109
2001	46	116
2000	48	123
1999	51	128
1998	54	131
1997	57	135
1996	59	138
1995	62	146
1994	64	155
1993	65	168
1992	66	172
1991	66	177
1990	66	168
1989	66	166
1988	68	166
1987	69	131
1986	70	181
1985	70	188

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 35 deaths per 100,000 live births in Cuba, compared to 55 deaths in Ecuador.

Under-five mortality rates

Chart Table

Cuba

Ecuador

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

1x

Year	Under 5 mortality rate
	Cuba	Ecuador
2023	0.83%	1.31%
2022	0.79%	1.32%
2021	0.76%	1.34%
2020	0.72%	1.36%
2019	0.69%	1.38%
2018	0.66%	1.41%
2017	0.64%	1.44%
2016	0.62%	1.48%
2015	0.61%	1.53%
2014	0.6%	1.59%
2013	0.6%	1.66%
2012	0.6%	1.74%
2011	0.61%	1.83%
2010	0.62%	1.92%
2009	0.63%	2%
2008	0.65%	2.1%
2007	0.66%	2.19%
2006	0.69%	2.28%
2005	0.71%	2.37%
2004	0.73%	2.46%
2003	0.76%	2.57%
2002	0.79%	2.68%
2001	0.82%	2.81%
2000	0.86%	2.96%
1999	0.89%	3.14%
1998	0.93%	3.34%
1997	0.97%	3.57%
1996	1.01%	3.82%
1995	1.06%	4.08%
1994	1.11%	4.34%
1993	1.16%	4.6%
1992	1.22%	4.86%
1991	1.28%	5.12%
1990	1.34%	5.39%
1989	1.41%	5.66%
1988	1.49%	5.94%
1987	1.56%	6.25%
1986	1.64%	6.58%
1985	1.73%	6.95%
1984	1.81%	7.35%
1983	1.9%	7.78%
1982	2%	8.23%
1981	2.11%	8.68%
1980	2.22%	9.12%
1979	2.34%	9.57%
1978	2.47%	10%
1977	2.62%	10.5%
1976	2.77%	11%
1975	2.94%	11.5%
1974	3.11%	12%
1973	3.29%	12.5%
1972	3.47%	13%
1971	3.65%	13.4%
1970	3.82%	13.7%
1969	3.97%	14%
1968	4.11%	14.3%
1967	4.22%	14.6%
1966	4.31%	14.9%
1965	4.38%	15.3%
1964	4.43%	15.7%
1963	4.45%	16.1%
1962	4.45%	16.6%
1961	4.44%	17.1%
1960	4.41%	17.6%

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 0.83% in Cuba and 1.31% in Ecuador. Above is a chart with historical data on under-five mortality rates.