Fertility & birth rates in Mongolia and Pakistan

Fertility rate in Mongolia vs Pakistan by year

Chart Table

Mongolia

Pakistan

1x

Year	Fertility rate
	Mongolia	Pakistan
2023	2.7	3.61
2022	2.7	3.66
2021	2.8	3.72
2020	2.9	3.77
2019	3	3.81
2018	2.9	3.86
2017	2.8	3.9
2016	3	3.9
2015	3	3.99
2014	3.1	4.06
2013	3	4.13
2012	2.7	4.2
2011	2.6	4.31
2010	2.4	4.4
2009	2.8	4.47
2008	2.6	4.51
2007	2.3	4.55
2006	2.1	4.59
2005	2	4.6
2004	2	4.68
2003	2	4.89
2002	2.1	5.01
2001	2.2	5.18
2000	2.2	5.35
1999	2.3	5.46
1998	2.3	5.51
1997	2.4	5.64
1996	2.5	5.77
1995	2.77	5.89
1994	2.7	6.01
1993	2.5	6.11
1992	3.5	6.21
1991	4	6.29
1990	4.5	6.36
1989	4.42	6.43
1988	4.65	6.48
1987	4.83	6.52
1986	5.03	6.55
1985	5.26	6.59
1984	5.45	6.62
1983	5.63	6.64
1982	5.8	6.67
1981	5.98	6.7
1980	6.21	6.73
1979	6.42	6.76
1978	6.62	6.78
1977	6.79	6.8
1976	6.93	6.81
1975	7.07	6.81
1974	7.17	6.81
1973	7.24	6.81
1972	7.28	6.81
1971	7.3	6.8
1970	7.31	6.8
1969	7.34	6.8
1968	7.37	6.8
1967	7.39	6.8
1966	7.41	6.8
1965	7.38	6.8
1964	7.33	6.8
1963	7.24	6.8
1962	7.1	6.8
1961	6.96	6.8
1960	6.82	6.8

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Mongolia was 2.7 children per woman in 2023, compared to 3.61 in Pakistan in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Mongolia vs Pakistan population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

Natural population change by year

Chart Table

Mongolia

Pakistan

1x

Year	Natural population change
	Mongolia	Pakistan
2023	46,995	5,281,745
2022	47,730	5,268,077
2021	52,109	5,065,913
2020	60,888	5,011,177
2019	61,433	5,127,011
2018	60,635	5,103,858
2017	57,940	5,090,200
2016	62,086	5,044,922
2015	64,473	5,113,507
2014	66,078	5,148,994
2013	62,618	5,176,590
2012	55,942	5,191,263
2011	50,711	5,189,412
2010	44,914	5,147,142
2009	48,876	5,028,132
2008	45,843	4,885,855
2007	39,636	4,690,187
2006	33,609	4,538,426
2005	29,290	4,294,393
2004	28,418	4,294,654
2003	28,827	4,340,688
2002	30,439	4,307,607
2001	32,052	4,304,297
2000	32,753	4,281,169
1999	32,283	4,228,026
1998	31,757	4,104,824
1997	32,403	4,043,912
1996	33,741	4,021,758
1995	34,473	3,977,175
1994	34,711	3,956,699
1993	36,924	3,915,776
1992	42,437	3,888,637
1991	47,884	3,822,363
1990	49,443	3,731,730
1989	51,420	3,648,132
1988	51,588	3,554,755
1987	51,140	3,448,813
1986	50,329	3,341,643
1985	49,944	3,233,315
1984	48,562	3,145,772
1983	46,919	3,052,738
1982	45,179	2,934,689
1981	43,588	2,790,454
1980	42,343	2,598,421
1979	41,568	2,461,311
1978	40,276	2,356,601
1977	38,995	2,257,849
1976	37,670	2,171,812
1975	36,490	2,099,811
1974	35,297	2,028,061
1973	33,993	1,971,909
1972	32,727	1,912,774
1971	31,536	1,695,374
1970	30,558	1,793,570
1969	29,781	1,733,601
1968	29,017	1,683,296
1967	28,178	1,626,737
1966	27,338	1,566,343
1965	26,364	1,496,050
1964	25,317	1,447,394
1963	24,142	1,384,934
1962	22,960	1,328,675
1961	21,873	1,273,772
1960	20,726	1,217,147

The chart above illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes in population resulting from births and deaths.

Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was +1.35% in Mongolia and +2.13% in Pakistan.

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change has been +1.81% in Mongolia and +2.23% in Pakistan.

Birth rate in Mongolia vs Pakistan by year

Chart Table

Mongolia

Pakistan

Annual births per 1,000 people

1x

Year	Annual births per 1,000 people
	Mongolia	Pakistan
2023	19	27.8
2022	19.5	28.1
2021	21.6	28.4
2020	23.4	28.6
2019	24.4	29
2018	24.5	29.3
2017	23.9	29.7
2016	25.9	30
2015	27.1	30.7
2014	28	31.3
2013	27.5	31.9
2012	26	32.5
2011	25.1	33
2010	23.1	33.5
2009	24.8	33.6
2008	23.9	33.6
2007	21.9	33.3
2006	20	33.2
2005	18.6	32.9
2004	18.4	33.2
2003	18.6	34.3
2002	19.4	34.9
2001	20.3	35.7
2000	20.8	36.5
1999	21.1	37.2
1998	21.4	37.4
1997	22.2	38
1996	23.3	38.9
1995	24	39.6
1994	24.5	40.4
1993	25.8	41.2
1992	28.8	42
1991	31.9	42.5
1990	34.1	42.9
1989	35.3	43.4
1988	36.4	43.8
1987	37.2	44
1986	37.7	44.1
1985	38.5	44.3
1984	38.7	44.5
1983	38.6	44.7
1982	38.5	44.6
1981	38.4	44.4
1980	38.4	43.6
1979	38.7	43.5
1978	38.9	43.5
1977	39	43.4
1976	39.1	43.4
1975	39.3	43.5
1974	39.5	43.6
1973	39.6	43.7
1972	39.8	43.8
1971	40	43.9
1970	40.4	44.1
1969	40.9	44.3
1968	41.6	44.7
1967	42.3	45.1
1966	43.1	45.4
1965	43.6	45.7
1964	44	46
1963	44.2	46.2
1962	44.1	46.4
1961	44.2	46.6
1960	44.1	46.7

The latest reported birth rate per 1,000 people in 2023 was 19 in Mongolia and 27.8 in Pakistan, compared with 44.1 and 46.7, respectively, in 1960.

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Chart Table

Mongolia

Factual

UN forecast

Pakistan

Factual

UN forecast

1x

Year	Young
	Mongolia	Pakistan
2100	16.3%	19.3%
2099	16.4%	19.4%
2098	16.4%	19.5%
2097	16.5%	19.7%
2096	16.6%	19.8%
2095	16.7%	19.9%
2094	16.8%	20%
2093	16.9%	20.2%
2092	17%	20.3%
2091	17.2%	20.4%
2090	17.3%	20.6%
2089	17.4%	20.7%
2088	17.6%	20.9%
2087	17.7%	21%
2086	17.9%	21.2%
2085	18%	21.4%
2084	18.1%	21.5%
2083	18.2%	21.7%
2082	18.3%	21.9%
2081	18.4%	22%
2080	18.5%	22.2%
2079	18.6%	22.4%
2078	18.6%	22.6%
2077	18.7%	22.8%
2076	18.7%	23%
2075	18.7%	23.1%
2074	18.7%	23.3%
2073	18.8%	23.5%
2072	18.8%	23.7%
2071	18.9%	23.9%
2070	18.9%	24.1%
2069	19%	24.3%
2068	19.1%	24.5%
2067	19.3%	24.7%
2066	19.4%	24.9%
2065	19.6%	25.1%
2064	19.8%	25.3%
2063	20.1%	25.5%
2062	20.4%	25.7%
2061	20.7%	26%
2060	21%	26.2%
2059	21.3%	26.5%
2058	21.6%	26.7%
2057	21.9%	27%
2056	22.2%	27.3%
2055	22.5%	27.5%
2054	22.7%	27.8%
2053	23%	28.1%
2052	23.1%	28.4%
2051	23.3%	28.7%
2050	23.3%	29%
2049	23.4%	29.3%
2048	23.4%	29.6%
2047	23.3%	29.9%
2046	23.3%	30.2%
2045	23.2%	30.4%
2044	23.1%	30.7%
2043	23%	30.9%
2042	22.9%	31.1%
2041	22.8%	31.4%
2040	22.8%	31.6%
2039	22.9%	31.8%
2038	23%	32.1%
2037	23.3%	32.3%
2036	23.6%	32.6%
2035	24%	32.9%
2034	24.6%	33.1%
2033	25.2%	33.4%
2032	25.9%	33.7%
2031	26.8%	34%
2030	27.8%	34.3%
2029	28.8%	34.7%
2028	29.7%	35.1%
2027	30.5%	35.6%
2026	31.2%	36%
2025	31.9%	36.5%
2024	32.2%	36.7%
2023	32.6%	37%
2022	32.9%	37.3%
2021	32.9%	37.6%
2020	32.8%	37.9%
2019	32.3%	38.1%
2018	31.6%	38.3%
2017	30.9%	38.5%
2016	30.2%	38.6%
2015	29.5%	38.8%
2014	28.9%	38.9%
2013	28.5%	38.9%
2012	28.1%	39%
2011	28%	39.1%
2010	27.9%	39.3%
2009	27.9%	39.6%
2008	28.1%	40%
2007	28.5%	40.4%
2006	29.1%	40.9%
2005	29.9%	41.3%
2004	30.8%	41.8%
2003	31.8%	42.3%
2002	32.9%	42.6%
2001	34.1%	42.9%
2000	35.2%	43.3%
1999	36.2%	43.6%
1998	37%	43.9%
1997	37.8%	44.1%
1996	38.4%	44.3%
1995	39%	44.5%
1994	39.5%	44.5%
1993	40%	44.5%
1992	40.5%	44.3%
1991	41%	44.1%
1990	41.4%	44.1%
1989	41.7%	44%
1988	41.8%	43.8%
1987	42%	43.7%
1986	42.1%	43.6%
1985	42.3%	43.5%
1984	42.5%	43.3%
1983	42.7%	43.1%
1982	43%	43%
1981	43.3%	43.1%
1980	43.7%	43.3%
1979	44.1%	43.7%
1978	44.5%	43.8%
1977	44.8%	43.9%
1976	45.2%	44%
1975	45.4%	44.1%
1974	45.6%	44.1%
1973	45.8%	44.1%
1972	45.8%	44.1%
1971	45.8%	44%
1970	45.6%	43.9%
1969	45.4%	43.7%
1968	44.9%	43.5%
1967	44.2%	43.3%
1966	43.3%	43%
1965	42.4%	42.7%
1964	41.4%	42.2%
1963	40.4%	41.8%
1962	39.6%	41.6%
1961	38.8%	41.4%
1960	38.1%	41.3%

Children aged 0-14 make up 32.2% of the population in Mongolia and 36.7% in Pakistan in 2024, compared to 41.4% and 44.1% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Mongolia and Pakistan compared.

Maternal mortality chart: Mongolia vs Pakistan

Chart Table

Mongolia

Pakistan

1x

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Mongolia	Pakistan
2023	41	155
2022	41	160
2021	63	193
2020	47	178
2019	45	173
2018	45	178
2017	45	184
2016	48	193
2015	52	202
2014	56	211
2013	59	220
2012	63	227
2011	67	234
2010	71	240
2009	75	246
2008	77	254
2007	81	265
2006	90	284
2005	99	316
2004	108	333
2003	114	358
2002	120	380
2001	130	400
2000	144	419
1999	162	438
1998	174	456
1997	180	476
1996	178	482
1995	176	485
1994	178	479
1993	181	473
1992	199	459
1991	227	443
1990	276	434
1989	311	439
1988	335	441
1987	341	442
1986	346	436
1985	352	432

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 41 deaths per 100,000 live births in Mongolia, compared to 155 deaths in Pakistan.

Under-five mortality rates

Chart Table

Mongolia

Pakistan

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

1x

Year	Under 5 mortality rate
	Mongolia	Pakistan
2023	1.36%	5.85%
2022	1.39%	6.05%
2021	1.43%	6.25%
2020	1.48%	6.46%
2019	1.56%	6.67%
2018	1.64%	6.88%
2017	1.74%	7.1%
2016	1.84%	7.33%
2015	1.94%	7.56%
2014	2.04%	7.8%
2013	2.15%	8.04%
2012	2.28%	8.27%
2011	2.44%	8.49%
2010	2.63%	8.71%
2009	2.85%	8.91%
2008	3.11%	9.1%
2007	3.39%	9.29%
2006	3.71%	9.47%
2005	4.07%	9.65%
2004	4.45%	9.85%
2003	4.87%	10.1%
2002	5.32%	10.3%
2001	5.8%	10.5%
2000	6.29%	10.8%
1999	6.78%	11.1%
1998	7.27%	11.5%
1997	7.74%	11.8%
1996	8.19%	12.1%
1995	8.6%	12.5%
1994	9%	12.8%
1993	9.39%	13.1%
1992	9.78%	13.4%
1991	10.2%	13.7%
1990	10.7%	14%
1989	11.1%	14.2%
1988	11.7%	14.5%
1987	12.2%	14.8%
1986	12.8%	15%
1985	13.4%	15.3%
1984	13.9%	15.6%
1983	14.4%	15.8%
1982	15%	16.1%
1981	15.5%	16.3%
1980	16.1%	16.5%
1979	16.7%	16.7%
1978	17.3%	16.9%
1977	-	17.1%
1976	-	17.4%
1975	-	17.6%
1974	-	17.8%
1973	-	18.1%
1972	-	18.4%
1971	-	18.7%
1970	-	19%
1969	-	19.4%
1968	-	19.7%
1967	-	20.2%
1966	-	20.6%
1965	-	21.2%
1964	-	21.8%
1963	-	22.5%
1962	-	23.3%
1961	-	24.1%
1960	-	25%

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 1.36% in Mongolia and 5.85% in Pakistan. Above is a chart with historical data on under-five mortality rates.