Fertility & birth rates in Afghanistan and Mongolia

Fertility rate in Afghanistan vs Mongolia chart

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Afghanistan was 4.84 children per woman in 2023, compared to 2.7 in Mongolia in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Afghanistan vs Mongolia population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart below showcases historical changes in the birth rates.

Table

Year	Fertility rate
	Afghanistan	Mongolia
1960	7.28	6.82
1961	7.28	6.96
1962	7.29	7.1
1963	7.3	7.24
1964	7.3	7.33
1965	7.31	7.38
1966	7.32	7.41
1967	7.34	7.39
1968	7.36	7.37
1969	7.39	7.34
1970	7.4	7.31
1971	7.43	7.3
1972	7.45	7.28
1973	7.49	7.24
1974	7.53	7.17
1975	7.54	7.07
1976	7.56	6.93
1977	7.59	6.79
1978	7.6	6.62
1979	7.61	6.42
1980	7.64	6.21
1981	7.62	5.98
1982	7.6	5.8
1983	7.57	5.63
1984	7.55	5.45
1985	7.55	5.26
1986	7.55	5.03
1987	7.55	4.83
1988	7.55	4.65
1989	7.56	4.42
1990	7.58	4.5
1991	7.63	4
1992	7.7	3.5
1993	7.76	2.5
1994	7.77	2.7
1995	7.77	2.77
1996	7.76	2.5
1997	7.73	2.4
1998	7.69	2.3
1999	7.64	2.3
2000	7.57	2.2
2001	7.45	2.2
2002	7.32	2.1
2003	7.17	2
2004	7.02	2
2005	6.86	2
2006	6.69	2.1
2007	6.51	2.3
2008	6.39	2.6
2009	6.3	2.8
2010	6.2	2.4
2011	6.09	2.6
2012	5.99	2.7
2013	5.88	3
2014	5.77	3.1
2015	5.65	3
2016	5.54	3
2017	5.43	2.8
2018	5.33	2.9
2019	5.24	3
2020	5.15	2.9
2021	5.04	2.8
2022	4.93	2.7
2023	4.84	2.7
2024	4.76	2.65
2025	4.66	2.6
2026	4.56	2.55
2027	4.48	2.51
2028	4.4	2.47
2029	4.3	2.44
2030	4.22	2.4
2031	4.15	2.37
2032	4.07	2.34
2033	4	2.31
2034	3.95	2.29
2035	3.89	2.26
2036	3.82	2.23
2037	3.76	2.21
2038	3.68	2.19
2039	3.61	2.17
2040	3.56	2.15
2041	3.49	2.13
2042	3.44	2.11
2043	3.39	2.09
2044	3.34	2.08
2045	3.3	2.06
2046	3.26	2.05
2047	3.22	2.04
2048	3.18	2.02
2049	3.14	2.01
2050	3.09	2

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Table

Year	Share of people 0-14 years old
	Afghanistan	Mongolia
1960	41.9%	38.1%
1961	42%	38.8%
1962	42.1%	39.6%
1963	42.2%	40.4%
1964	42.4%	41.4%
1965	42.6%	42.4%
1966	42.9%	43.3%
1967	43.2%	44.2%
1968	43.4%	44.9%
1969	43.7%	45.4%
1970	43.9%	45.6%
1971	44.2%	45.8%
1972	44.4%	45.8%
1973	44.6%	45.8%
1974	44.8%	45.6%
1975	45%	45.4%
1976	45.2%	45.2%
1977	45.4%	44.8%
1978	45.6%	44.5%
1979	45.8%	44.1%
1980	46.1%	43.7%
1981	46.3%	43.3%
1982	46.5%	43%
1983	46.6%	42.7%
1984	46.8%	42.5%
1985	47%	42.3%
1986	47.2%	42.1%
1987	47.3%	42%
1988	47.4%	41.8%
1989	47.5%	41.7%
1990	47.7%	41.4%
1991	47.8%	41%
1992	48%	40.5%
1993	48.2%	40%
1994	48.5%	39.5%
1995	48.7%	39%
1996	49%	38.4%
1997	49.3%	37.8%
1998	49.6%	37%
1999	49.8%	36.2%
2000	50%	35.2%
2001	50.2%	34.1%
2002	50.2%	32.9%
2003	50.2%	31.8%
2004	50.2%	30.8%
2005	50%	29.9%
2006	49.9%	29.1%
2007	49.6%	28.5%
2008	49.3%	28.1%
2009	48.9%	27.9%
2010	48.5%	27.9%
2011	48%	28%
2012	47.6%	28.1%
2013	47.2%	28.5%
2014	46.7%	28.9%
2015	46.3%	29.5%
2016	45.8%	30.2%
2017	45.4%	30.9%
2018	45%	31.6%
2019	44.6%	32.3%
2020	44.2%	32.8%
2021	43.9%	32.9%
2022	43.6%	32.9%
2023	43.2%	32.6%
2024	42.9%	32.2%
2025	42.6%	31.6%
2026	42.2%	30.9%
2027	41.9%	30.1%
2028	41.5%	29.2%
2029	41.1%	28.2%
2030	40.7%	27.3%
2031	40.3%	26.3%
2032	39.8%	25.6%
2033	39.4%	24.9%
2034	39%	24.3%
2035	38.6%	23.8%
2036	38.2%	23.4%
2037	37.8%	23.1%
2038	37.4%	23%
2039	36.9%	22.9%
2040	36.5%	22.8%
2041	36%	22.9%
2042	35.6%	22.9%
2043	35.2%	23%
2044	34.8%	23.1%
2045	34.4%	23.2%
2046	34%	23.3%
2047	33.6%	23.4%
2048	33.3%	23.4%
2049	32.9%	23.4%
2050	32.5%	23.3%

Children aged 0-14 make up 42.9% of the population in Afghanistan and 32.2% in Mongolia in 2024, compared to 47.7% and 41.4% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Afghanistan and Mongolia compared.

Natural population change in Afghanistan vs Mongolia by year

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change (excluding migration) has been +3.04% in Afghanistan and +1.81% in Mongolia. The chart below illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes resulting from births and deaths.

Table

Year	Population change due to births and deaths
	Afghanistan	Mongolia
1960	170,257	20,726
1961	179,094	21,873
1962	188,427	22,960
1963	198,035	24,142
1964	207,867	25,317
1965	217,741	26,364
1966	228,786	27,338
1967	239,967	28,178
1968	251,798	29,017
1969	263,823	29,781
1970	275,129	30,558
1971	288,267	31,536
1972	300,633	32,727
1973	315,062	33,993
1974	330,232	35,297
1975	343,850	36,490
1976	357,775	37,670
1977	372,567	38,995
1978	369,101	40,276
1979	361,750	41,568
1980	365,396	42,343
1981	343,468	43,588
1982	263,210	45,179
1983	263,778	46,919
1984	205,262	48,562
1985	228,469	49,944
1986	310,066	50,329
1987	314,361	51,140
1988	358,397	51,588
1989	381,158	51,420
1990	402,433	49,443
1991	409,954	47,884
1992	440,132	42,437
1993	541,257	36,924
1994	609,096	34,711
1995	653,280	34,473
1996	685,005	33,741
1997	709,778	32,403
1998	719,860	31,757
1999	760,727	32,283
2000	782,727	32,753
2001	764,090	32,052
2002	776,048	30,439
2003	826,165	28,827
2004	850,940	28,418
2005	855,112	29,290
2006	875,301	33,609
2007	889,848	39,636
2008	891,246	45,843
2009	920,581	48,876
2010	943,473	44,914
2011	966,743	50,711
2012	1,004,814	55,942
2013	1,033,778	62,618
2014	1,053,788	66,078
2015	1,077,068	64,473
2016	1,090,016	62,086
2017	1,101,218	57,940
2018	1,115,262	60,635
2019	1,138,485	61,433
2020	1,134,407	60,888
2021	1,133,611	52,109
2022	1,219,475	47,730
2023	1,228,719	46,995

Maternal mortality chart: Afghanistan vs Mongolia

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 521 deaths per 100,000 live births in Afghanistan, compared to 41 deaths in Mongolia.

Table

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Afghanistan	Mongolia
1985	2,232	352
1986	1,857	346
1987	1,821	341
1988	1,572	335
1989	1,520	311
1990	1,550	276
1991	1,534	227
1992	1,443	199
1993	1,347	181
1994	1,396	178
1995	1,414	176
1996	1,389	178
1997	1,376	180
1998	1,464	174
1999	1,346	162
2000	1,372	144
2001	1,311	130
2002	1,263	120
2003	1,201	114
2004	1,166	108
2005	1,108	99
2006	1,069	90
2007	1,032	81
2008	955	77
2009	925	75
2010	893	71
2011	838	67
2012	810	63
2013	778	59
2014	755	56
2015	741	52
2016	702	48
2017	659	45
2018	629	45
2019	601	45
2020	634	47
2021	660	63
2022	551	41
2023	521	41

Under-five mortality rates

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 5.55% in Afghanistan and 1.36% in Mongolia. Below is the historical data on under-five mortality rates.

Table

Year	Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
	Afghanistan	Mongolia
1960	35.3%	-
1961	34.8%	-
1962	34.2%	-
1963	33.7%	-
1964	33.2%	-
1965	32.7%	-
1966	32.2%	-
1967	31.7%	-
1968	31.2%	-
1969	30.6%	-
1970	30.2%	-
1971	29.7%	-
1972	29.1%	-
1973	28.6%	-
1974	28.1%	-
1975	27.5%	-
1976	27%	-
1977	26.4%	-
1978	25.8%	17.3%
1979	25.2%	16.7%
1980	24.6%	16.1%
1981	23.9%	15.5%
1982	28%	15%
1983	27.4%	14.4%
1984	30.9%	13.9%
1985	30.1%	13.4%
1986	25.3%	12.8%
1987	24.7%	12.2%
1988	21.8%	11.7%
1989	18.7%	11.1%
1990	18.1%	10.7%
1991	17.4%	10.2%
1992	16.9%	9.78%
1993	16.3%	9.39%
1994	15.8%	9%
1995	15.3%	8.6%
1996	14.8%	8.19%
1997	14.4%	7.74%
1998	14%	7.27%
1999	13.6%	6.78%
2000	13.2%	6.29%
2001	12.7%	5.8%
2002	12.3%	5.32%
2003	11.9%	4.87%
2004	11.4%	4.45%
2005	11%	4.07%
2006	10.5%	3.71%
2007	10.1%	3.39%
2008	9.63%	3.11%
2009	9.22%	2.85%
2010	8.83%	2.63%
2011	8.46%	2.44%
2012	8.12%	2.28%
2013	7.8%	2.15%
2014	7.51%	2.04%
2015	7.24%	1.94%
2016	7%	1.84%
2017	6.76%	1.74%
2018	6.54%	1.64%
2019	6.33%	1.56%
2020	6.13%	1.48%
2021	5.93%	1.43%
2022	5.74%	1.39%
2023	5.55%	1.36%