Fertility & birth rates in Cuba and United States

Fertility rate in Cuba vs United States by year

Chart Table

Cuba

United States

1x

Year	Fertility rate
	Cuba	United States
2023	1.44	1.62
2022	1.41	1.66
2021	1.43	1.66
2020	1.49	1.64
2019	1.54	1.71
2018	1.61	1.73
2017	1.59	1.77
2016	1.6	1.82
2015	1.69	1.84
2014	1.66	1.86
2013	1.68	1.86
2012	1.67	1.88
2011	1.73	1.89
2010	1.67	1.93
2009	1.68	2
2008	1.58	2.07
2007	1.44	2.12
2006	1.4	2.11
2005	1.49	2.06
2004	1.55	2.05
2003	1.63	2.05
2002	1.65	2.02
2001	1.6	2.03
2000	1.61	2.06
1999	1.64	2.01
1998	1.62	2
1997	1.59	1.97
1996	1.46	1.98
1995	1.48	1.98
1994	1.47	2
1993	1.49	2.02
1992	1.56	2.05
1991	1.66	2.06
1990	1.81	2.08
1989	1.83	2.01
1988	1.85	1.93
1987	1.8	1.87
1986	1.78	1.84
1985	1.77	1.84
1984	1.77	1.81
1983	1.8	1.8
1982	1.78	1.83
1981	1.59	1.81
1980	1.64	1.84
1979	1.77	1.81
1978	1.88	1.76
1977	2.21	1.79
1976	2.51	1.74
1975	2.82	1.77
1974	3.16	1.84
1973	3.4	1.88
1972	3.61	2.01
1971	3.8	2.27
1970	3.98	2.48
1969	4.12	2.46
1968	4.19	2.46
1967	4.29	2.56
1966	4.4	2.72
1965	4.5	2.91
1964	4.53	3.19
1963	4.56	3.32
1962	4.42	3.46
1961	4.26	3.62
1960	4.13	3.65

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Cuba was 1.44 children per woman in 2023, compared to 1.62 in the United States in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Cuba vs the United States population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

Natural population change by year

Chart Table

Cuba

United States

1x

Year	Natural population change
	Cuba	United States
2023	-15,880	502,372
2022	-17,961	399,926
2021	-71,616	199,137
2020	-12,808	208,862
2019	-4,245	887,476
2018	3,436	955,022
2017	2,306	1,028,037
2016	9,677	1,197,627
2015	20,464	1,270,126
2014	22,448	1,357,281
2013	29,827	1,322,711
2012	33,864	1,411,822
2011	40,753	1,441,697
2010	37,021	1,548,182
2009	37,543	1,717,920
2008	32,848	1,794,154
2007	24,617	1,897,757
2006	24,508	1,849,955
2005	36,660	1,684,445
2004	44,258	1,698,271
2003	56,170	1,653,615
2002	58,212	1,581,938
2001	57,325	1,595,826
2000	61,133	1,664,758
1999	69,069	1,564,050
1998	71,284	1,573,857
1997	71,828	1,501,014
1996	61,837	1,510,137
1995	66,809	1,546,031
1994	68,604	1,633,302
1993	73,221	1,717,685
1992	83,461	1,875,328
1991	95,398	1,926,543
1990	112,378	2,026,068
1989	114,865	1,875,826
1988	116,626	1,735,943
1987	109,617	1,720,252
1986	105,997	1,656,917
1985	103,228	1,689,258
1984	101,670	1,627,192
1983	101,858	1,636,544
1982	95,866	1,714,317
1981	74,067	1,652,153
1980	74,271	1,608,450
1979	81,192	1,597,894
1978	86,864	1,402,283
1977	106,875	1,431,556
1976	125,383	1,264,604
1975	144,964	1,252,644
1974	165,099	1,218,968
1973	177,387	1,165,499
1972	187,588	1,301,355
1971	195,106	1,640,519
1970	201,823	1,824,965
1969	205,581	1,702,487
1968	205,487	1,565,507
1967	207,245	1,669,181
1966	209,179	1,749,387
1965	211,322	1,943,030
1964	209,315	2,245,099
1963	205,788	2,289,826
1962	196,423	2,406,337
1961	183,806	2,571,681
1960	172,816	2,565,530

The chart above illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes in population resulting from births and deaths.

Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was -0.14% in Cuba and +0.15% in the United States.

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change has been -0.06% in Cuba and +0.25% in the United States.

Birth rate in Cuba vs United States by year

Chart Table

Cuba

United States

Annual births per 1,000 people

1x

Year	Annual births per 1,000 people
	Cuba	United States
2023	8.71	10.7
2022	8.66	11
2021	8.81	11
2020	9.26	10.9
2019	9.67	11.4
2018	10.2	11.6
2017	10.1	11.8
2016	10.3	12.2
2015	10.9	12.4
2014	10.9	12.5
2013	11.2	12.4
2012	11.2	12.6
2011	11.8	12.7
2010	11.4	13
2009	11.5	13.5
2008	10.9	14
2007	10	14.3
2006	9.87	14.3
2005	10.6	14
2004	11.3	14
2003	12.1	14.1
2002	12.5	14
2001	12.4	14.1
2000	12.9	14.4
1999	13.5	14.2
1998	13.7	14.3
1997	13.8	14.2
1996	13	14.4
1995	13.5	14.6
1994	13.7	15
1993	14.1	15.4
1992	15	15.8
1991	16.1	16.2
1990	17.6	16.7
1989	17.8	16.4
1988	18	16
1987	17.3	15.7
1986	17	15.6
1985	16.7	15.8
1984	16.5	15.6
1983	16.5	15.6
1982	15.9	15.9
1981	13.9	15.8
1980	13.9	15.9
1979	14.6	15.6
1978	15.1	15
1977	17.3	15.1
1976	19.4	14.6
1975	21.6	14.6
1974	24.1	14.8
1973	25.8	14.8
1972	27.2	15.6
1971	28.5	17.2
1970	29.9	18.4
1969	31	17.9
1968	31.6	17.6
1967	32.5	17.8
1966	33.4	18.4
1965	34.4	19.4
1964	34.9	21.1
1963	35.4	21.7
1962	34.6	22.4
1961	33.7	23.3
1960	32.8	23.7

The latest reported birth rate per 1,000 people in 2023 was 8.71 in Cuba and 10.7 in the United States, compared with 32.8 and 23.7, respectively, in 1960.

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Chart Table

Cuba

Factual

UN forecast

United States

Factual

UN forecast

1x

Year	Young
	Cuba	United States
2100	10.9%	14.4%
2099	10.9%	14.4%
2098	10.9%	14.4%
2097	10.9%	14.4%
2096	10.9%	14.4%
2095	10.9%	14.5%
2094	10.9%	14.5%
2093	10.9%	14.5%
2092	10.9%	14.5%
2091	10.9%	14.6%
2090	11%	14.6%
2089	11%	14.7%
2088	11%	14.7%
2087	11%	14.7%
2086	11%	14.8%
2085	11%	14.8%
2084	11%	14.8%
2083	11%	14.9%
2082	11.1%	14.9%
2081	11.1%	14.9%
2080	11.1%	14.9%
2079	11.1%	14.9%
2078	11.1%	14.9%
2077	11.1%	14.9%
2076	11.1%	14.9%
2075	11.1%	14.9%
2074	11.1%	14.9%
2073	11.1%	14.9%
2072	11.1%	14.9%
2071	11.2%	14.9%
2070	11.2%	14.9%
2069	11.2%	14.9%
2068	11.2%	14.9%
2067	11.2%	14.9%
2066	11.2%	14.9%
2065	11.2%	15%
2064	11.2%	15%
2063	11.3%	15%
2062	11.3%	15.1%
2061	11.3%	15.1%
2060	11.3%	15.2%
2059	11.4%	15.3%
2058	11.4%	15.4%
2057	11.5%	15.5%
2056	11.5%	15.5%
2055	11.5%	15.6%
2054	11.6%	15.7%
2053	11.7%	15.8%
2052	11.7%	15.8%
2051	11.8%	15.9%
2050	11.9%	15.9%
2049	11.9%	16%
2048	12%	16%
2047	12%	16%
2046	12.1%	16%
2045	12.2%	16%
2044	12.2%	16%
2043	12.3%	16%
2042	12.3%	16%
2041	12.4%	15.9%
2040	12.4%	15.9%
2039	12.5%	15.9%
2038	12.5%	15.9%
2037	12.6%	15.9%
2036	12.6%	15.9%
2035	12.7%	15.9%
2034	12.9%	15.9%
2033	13.1%	16%
2032	13.3%	16.1%
2031	13.5%	16.2%
2030	13.8%	16.3%
2029	14%	16.5%
2028	14.3%	16.6%
2027	14.6%	16.8%
2026	14.9%	17%
2025	15.2%	17.2%
2024	15.3%	17.3%
2023	15.5%	17.6%
2022	15.7%	17.9%
2021	15.8%	18.1%
2020	15.8%	18.4%
2019	16%	18.6%
2018	16.1%	18.8%
2017	16.3%	18.9%
2016	16.5%	19.1%
2015	16.7%	19.2%
2014	16.9%	19.3%
2013	17.1%	19.4%
2012	17.3%	19.5%
2011	17.5%	19.6%
2010	17.7%	19.7%
2009	17.9%	19.8%
2008	18.2%	19.9%
2007	18.5%	20%
2006	18.9%	20.2%
2005	19.4%	20.3%
2004	19.8%	20.5%
2003	20.2%	20.7%
2002	20.6%	20.9%
2001	20.9%	21%
2000	21.3%	21.2%
1999	21.5%	21.3%
1998	21.8%	21.4%
1997	22%	21.5%
1996	22.1%	21.7%
1995	22.1%	21.8%
1994	22.1%	21.9%
1993	22.2%	21.9%
1992	22.4%	21.8%
1991	22.5%	21.7%
1990	22.8%	21.6%
1989	23.1%	21.5%
1988	23.6%	21.3%
1987	24.3%	21.3%
1986	25.2%	21.3%
1985	26.1%	21.5%
1984	27.1%	21.7%
1983	28.1%	21.8%
1982	29.3%	22%
1981	30.5%	22.1%
1980	31.9%	22.4%
1979	33.2%	22.8%
1978	34.3%	23.2%
1977	35.4%	23.8%
1976	36.2%	24.4%
1975	36.8%	25.2%
1974	37.3%	25.9%
1973	37.6%	26.6%
1972	37.8%	27.4%
1971	37.9%	28%
1970	38%	28.6%
1969	37.9%	29%
1968	37.8%	29.5%
1967	37.7%	30%
1966	37.5%	30.4%
1965	37.3%	30.7%
1964	37.1%	30.9%
1963	36.8%	31.1%
1962	36.5%	31.3%
1961	36.2%	31.4%
1960	36%	31.3%

Children aged 0-14 make up 15.3% of the population in Cuba and 17.3% in the United States in 2024, compared to 22.8% and 21.6% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Cuba and the United States compared.

Maternal mortality chart: Cuba vs United States

Chart Table

Cuba

United States

1x

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Cuba	United States
2023	35	17
2022	41	20
2021	172	31
2020	40	22
2019	40	18
2018	39	18
2017	39	18
2016	40	18
2015	41	17
2014	42	17
2013	42	16
2012	42	16
2011	44	15
2010	44	15
2009	45	15
2008	44	14
2007	42	13
2006	42	13
2005	43	13
2004	44	13
2003	44	13
2002	45	13
2001	46	13
2000	48	12
1999	51	12
1998	54	11
1997	57	11
1996	59	11
1995	62	12
1994	64	11
1993	65	12
1992	66	11
1991	66	12
1990	66	12
1989	66	12
1988	68	12
1987	69	11
1986	70	11
1985	70	11

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 35 deaths per 100,000 live births in Cuba, compared to 17 deaths in the United States.

U.S. figures are less comparable to other countries, because reporting changes between 2003 and 2018 doubled the number of maternal deaths captured in official records without an actual doubling in mortality, and coding was revised again in 2018.

Under-five mortality rates

Chart Table

Cuba

United States

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

1x

Year	Under 5 mortality rate
	Cuba	United States
2023	0.83%	0.65%
2022	0.79%	0.65%
2021	0.76%	0.65%
2020	0.72%	0.65%
2019	0.69%	0.65%
2018	0.66%	0.65%
2017	0.64%	0.66%
2016	0.62%	0.67%
2015	0.61%	0.68%
2014	0.6%	0.68%
2013	0.6%	0.69%
2012	0.6%	0.7%
2011	0.61%	0.72%
2010	0.62%	0.73%
2009	0.63%	0.75%
2008	0.65%	0.76%
2007	0.66%	0.77%
2006	0.69%	0.79%
2005	0.71%	0.8%
2004	0.73%	0.81%
2003	0.76%	0.81%
2002	0.79%	0.82%
2001	0.82%	0.83%
2000	0.86%	0.84%
1999	0.89%	0.86%
1998	0.93%	0.87%
1997	0.97%	0.89%
1996	1.01%	0.92%
1995	1.06%	0.95%
1994	1.11%	0.98%
1993	1.16%	1.01%
1992	1.22%	1.05%
1991	1.28%	1.09%
1990	1.34%	1.12%
1989	1.41%	1.16%
1988	1.49%	1.19%
1987	1.56%	1.21%
1986	1.64%	1.24%
1985	1.73%	1.27%
1984	1.81%	1.3%
1983	1.9%	1.34%
1982	2%	1.39%
1981	2.11%	1.44%
1980	2.22%	1.5%
1979	2.34%	1.56%
1978	2.47%	1.63%
1977	2.62%	1.71%
1976	2.77%	1.79%
1975	2.94%	1.88%
1974	3.11%	1.97%
1973	3.29%	2.06%
1972	3.47%	2.15%
1971	3.65%	2.24%
1970	3.82%	2.32%
1969	3.97%	2.41%
1968	4.11%	2.49%
1967	4.22%	2.57%
1966	4.31%	2.64%
1965	4.38%	2.71%
1964	4.43%	2.77%
1963	4.45%	2.83%
1962	4.45%	2.89%
1961	4.44%	2.95%
1960	4.41%	3.01%

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 0.83% in Cuba and 0.65% in the United States. Above is a chart with historical data on under-five mortality rates.