Fertility & birth rates in Cuba and Montenegro

Fertility rate in Cuba vs Montenegro by year

Chart Table

Cuba

Montenegro

1x

Year	Fertility rate
	Cuba	Montenegro
2023	1.44	1.74
2022	1.41	1.8
2021	1.43	1.75
2020	1.49	1.75
2019	1.54	1.8
2018	1.61	1.8
2017	1.59	1.8
2016	1.6	1.8
2015	1.69	1.7
2014	1.66	1.75
2013	1.68	1.73
2012	1.67	1.72
2011	1.73	1.65
2010	1.67	1.7
2009	1.68	1.98
2008	1.58	1.89
2007	1.44	1.8
2006	1.4	1.73
2005	1.49	1.69
2004	1.55	1.73
2003	1.63	1.8
2002	1.65	1.81
2001	1.6	1.86
2000	1.61	1.9
1999	1.64	1.88
1998	1.62	1.89
1997	1.59	1.89
1996	1.46	1.92
1995	1.48	1.96
1994	1.47	1.94
1993	1.49	1.96
1992	1.56	2.01
1991	1.66	2.02
1990	1.81	1.95
1989	1.83	1.94
1988	1.85	2.01
1987	1.8	2.07
1986	1.78	2.09
1985	1.77	2.13
1984	1.77	2.14
1983	1.8	2.17
1982	1.78	2.19
1981	1.59	2.19
1980	1.64	2.22
1979	1.77	2.2
1978	1.88	2.25
1977	2.21	2.31
1976	2.51	2.35
1975	2.82	2.38
1974	3.16	2.43
1973	3.4	2.51
1972	3.61	2.61
1971	3.8	2.67
1970	3.98	2.69
1969	4.12	2.79
1968	4.19	2.8
1967	4.29	2.91
1966	4.4	3.09
1965	4.5	3.19
1964	4.53	3.28
1963	4.56	3.38
1962	4.42	3.44
1961	4.26	3.49
1960	4.13	3.53

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Cuba was 1.44 children per woman in 2023, compared to 1.74 in Montenegro in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Cuba vs Montenegro population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

Natural population change by year

Chart Table

Cuba

Montenegro

1x

Year	Natural population change
	Cuba	Montenegro
2023	-15,880	686
2022	-17,961	0
2021	-71,616	-2,062
2020	-12,808	-188
2019	-4,245	627
2018	3,436	752
2017	2,306	939
2016	9,677	1,125
2015	20,464	1,062
2014	22,448	1,560
2013	29,827	1,557
2012	33,864	1,554
2011	40,753	1,365
2010	37,021	1,797
2009	37,543	2,783
2008	32,848	2,530
2007	24,617	1,848
2006	24,508	1,599
2005	36,660	1,536
2004	44,258	2,146
2003	56,170	2,632
2002	58,212	2,988
2001	57,325	3,462
2000	61,133	3,751
1999	69,069	3,454
1998	71,284	3,889
1997	71,828	3,597
1996	61,837	4,155
1995	66,809	4,527
1994	68,604	4,381
1993	73,221	4,638
1992	83,461	5,015
1991	95,398	5,191
1990	112,378	5,010
1989	114,865	5,129
1988	116,626	5,529
1987	109,617	5,958
1986	105,997	6,097
1985	103,228	6,283
1984	101,670	6,337
1983	101,858	6,482
1982	95,866	6,419
1981	74,067	6,275
1980	74,271	6,383
1979	81,192	6,139
1978	86,864	6,408
1977	106,875	6,650
1976	125,383	6,845
1975	144,964	6,878
1974	165,099	6,919
1973	177,387	7,096
1972	187,588	7,252
1971	195,106	7,168
1970	201,823	7,069
1969	205,581	7,449
1968	205,487	7,497
1967	207,245	7,961
1966	209,179	8,661
1965	211,322	9,010
1964	209,315	9,227
1963	205,788	9,449
1962	196,423	9,402
1961	183,806	9,278
1960	172,816	9,144

The chart above illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes in population resulting from births and deaths.

Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was -0.14% in Cuba and +0.11% in Montenegro.

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change has been -0.06% in Cuba and +0.07% in Montenegro.

Birth rate in Cuba vs Montenegro by year

Chart Table

Cuba

Montenegro

Annual births per 1,000 people

1x

Year	Annual births per 1,000 people
	Cuba	Montenegro
2023	8.71	11.2
2022	8.66	11.3
2021	8.81	11.3
2020	9.26	11.3
2019	9.67	11.5
2018	10.2	11.6
2017	10.1	11.9
2016	10.3	12.1
2015	10.9	11.8
2014	10.9	12.1
2013	11.2	12
2012	11.2	12
2011	11.8	11.6
2010	11.4	12
2009	11.5	14
2008	10.9	13.4
2007	10	12.7
2006	9.87	12.3
2005	10.6	12
2004	11.3	12.8
2003	12.1	13.6
2002	12.5	13.9
2001	12.4	14.6
2000	12.9	15.2
1999	13.5	14.6
1998	13.7	15.1
1997	13.8	14.4
1996	13	15
1995	13.5	15.4
1994	13.7	15
1993	14.1	15.2
1992	15	15.8
1991	16.1	15.9
1990	17.6	15.5
1989	17.8	15.7
1988	18	16.4
1987	17.3	17.2
1986	17	17.5
1985	16.7	17.9
1984	16.5	18.1
1983	16.5	18.3
1982	15.9	18.3
1981	13.9	18.2
1980	13.9	18.3
1979	14.6	18.2
1978	15.1	18.6
1977	17.3	19.1
1976	19.4	19.4
1975	21.6	19.5
1974	24.1	19.8
1973	25.8	20.3
1972	27.2	20.9
1971	28.5	21.1
1970	29.9	21.1
1969	31	21.9
1968	31.6	21.9
1967	32.5	22.9
1966	33.4	24.4
1965	34.4	25.4
1964	34.9	26.3
1963	35.4	27.3
1962	34.6	27.9
1961	33.7	28.2
1960	32.8	28.6

The latest reported birth rate per 1,000 people in 2023 was 8.71 in Cuba and 11.2 in Montenegro, compared with 32.8 and 28.6, respectively, in 1960.

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Chart Table

Cuba

Factual

UN forecast

Montenegro

Factual

UN forecast

1x

Year	Young
	Cuba	Montenegro
2100	10.9%	11.9%
2099	10.9%	11.9%
2098	10.9%	12%
2097	10.9%	12%
2096	10.9%	12.1%
2095	10.9%	12.2%
2094	10.9%	12.2%
2093	10.9%	12.3%
2092	10.9%	12.4%
2091	10.9%	12.4%
2090	11%	12.5%
2089	11%	12.6%
2088	11%	12.6%
2087	11%	12.7%
2086	11%	12.8%
2085	11%	12.8%
2084	11%	12.8%
2083	11%	12.9%
2082	11.1%	12.9%
2081	11.1%	12.9%
2080	11.1%	12.9%
2079	11.1%	12.9%
2078	11.1%	12.9%
2077	11.1%	12.9%
2076	11.1%	13%
2075	11.1%	13%
2074	11.1%	13%
2073	11.1%	13%
2072	11.1%	13%
2071	11.2%	13.1%
2070	11.2%	13.1%
2069	11.2%	13.2%
2068	11.2%	13.2%
2067	11.2%	13.3%
2066	11.2%	13.4%
2065	11.2%	13.5%
2064	11.2%	13.6%
2063	11.3%	13.7%
2062	11.3%	13.8%
2061	11.3%	13.9%
2060	11.3%	14%
2059	11.4%	14.2%
2058	11.4%	14.3%
2057	11.5%	14.4%
2056	11.5%	14.5%
2055	11.5%	14.6%
2054	11.6%	14.6%
2053	11.7%	14.7%
2052	11.7%	14.8%
2051	11.8%	14.8%
2050	11.9%	14.8%
2049	11.9%	14.9%
2048	12%	14.9%
2047	12%	14.9%
2046	12.1%	15%
2045	12.2%	15%
2044	12.2%	15%
2043	12.3%	15.1%
2042	12.3%	15.1%
2041	12.4%	15.2%
2040	12.4%	15.2%
2039	12.5%	15.3%
2038	12.5%	15.4%
2037	12.6%	15.6%
2036	12.6%	15.7%
2035	12.7%	15.9%
2034	12.9%	16.1%
2033	13.1%	16.2%
2032	13.3%	16.4%
2031	13.5%	16.7%
2030	13.8%	16.9%
2029	14%	17.1%
2028	14.3%	17.3%
2027	14.6%	17.6%
2026	14.9%	17.7%
2025	15.2%	18%
2024	15.3%	18.1%
2023	15.5%	18.3%
2022	15.7%	18.5%
2021	15.8%	18.5%
2020	15.8%	18.4%
2019	16%	18.4%
2018	16.1%	18.4%
2017	16.3%	18.5%
2016	16.5%	18.6%
2015	16.7%	18.6%
2014	16.9%	18.6%
2013	17.1%	18.7%
2012	17.3%	18.8%
2011	17.5%	19%
2010	17.7%	19.2%
2009	17.9%	19.4%
2008	18.2%	19.6%
2007	18.5%	19.9%
2006	18.9%	20.1%
2005	19.4%	20.4%
2004	19.8%	20.6%
2003	20.2%	20.9%
2002	20.6%	21.2%
2001	20.9%	21.5%
2000	21.3%	21.9%
1999	21.5%	22.4%
1998	21.8%	22.8%
1997	22%	23.2%
1996	22.1%	23.6%
1995	22.1%	24%
1994	22.1%	24.4%
1993	22.2%	24.7%
1992	22.4%	25.1%
1991	22.5%	25.4%
1990	22.8%	25.6%
1989	23.1%	25.7%
1988	23.6%	25.9%
1987	24.3%	26%
1986	25.2%	26.2%
1985	26.1%	26.4%
1984	27.1%	26.6%
1983	28.1%	26.9%
1982	29.3%	27.1%
1981	30.5%	27.5%
1980	31.9%	27.8%
1979	33.2%	28.1%
1978	34.3%	28.5%
1977	35.4%	29%
1976	36.2%	29.5%
1975	36.8%	29.9%
1974	37.3%	30.4%
1973	37.6%	30.9%
1972	37.8%	31.4%
1971	37.9%	32%
1970	38%	32.6%
1969	37.9%	33.3%
1968	37.8%	33.9%
1967	37.7%	34.5%
1966	37.5%	35.1%
1965	37.3%	35.5%
1964	37.1%	35.9%
1963	36.8%	36.2%
1962	36.5%	36.4%
1961	36.2%	36.3%
1960	36%	36.1%

Children aged 0-14 make up 15.3% of the population in Cuba and 18.1% in Montenegro in 2024, compared to 22.8% and 25.6% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Cuba and Montenegro compared.

Maternal mortality chart: Cuba vs Montenegro

Chart Table

Cuba

Montenegro

1x

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Cuba	Montenegro
2023	35	6
2022	41	13
2021	172	15
2020	40	15
2019	40	6
2018	39	7
2017	39	7
2016	40	6
2015	41	7
2014	42	7
2013	42	7
2012	42	7
2011	44	7
2010	44	7
2009	45	8
2008	44	8
2007	42	8
2006	42	8
2005	43	8
2004	44	9
2003	44	10
2002	45	10
2001	46	11
2000	48	11
1999	51	12
1998	54	12
1997	57	12
1996	59	12
1995	62	11
1994	64	11
1993	65	11
1992	66	11
1991	66	11
1990	66	10
1989	66	10
1988	68	10
1987	69	10
1986	70	11
1985	70	11

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 35 deaths per 100,000 live births in Cuba, compared to 6 deaths in Montenegro.

Under-five mortality rates

Chart Table

Cuba

Montenegro

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

1x

Year	Under 5 mortality rate
	Cuba	Montenegro
2023	0.83%	0.26%
2022	0.79%	0.27%
2021	0.76%	0.28%
2020	0.72%	0.3%
2019	0.69%	0.32%
2018	0.66%	0.33%
2017	0.64%	0.36%
2016	0.62%	0.38%
2015	0.61%	0.41%
2014	0.6%	0.45%
2013	0.6%	0.49%
2012	0.6%	0.54%
2011	0.61%	0.59%
2010	0.62%	0.66%
2009	0.63%	0.73%
2008	0.65%	0.8%
2007	0.66%	0.89%
2006	0.69%	0.97%
2005	0.71%	1.06%
2004	0.73%	1.14%
2003	0.76%	1.22%
2002	0.79%	1.3%
2001	0.82%	1.37%
2000	0.86%	1.42%
1999	0.89%	1.46%
1998	0.93%	1.49%
1997	0.97%	1.51%
1996	1.01%	1.51%
1995	1.06%	1.51%
1994	1.11%	1.51%
1993	1.16%	1.52%
1992	1.22%	1.54%
1991	1.28%	1.58%
1990	1.34%	1.65%
1989	1.41%	1.75%
1988	1.49%	1.89%
1987	1.56%	2.05%
1986	1.64%	2.25%
1985	1.73%	2.48%
1984	1.81%	2.72%
1983	1.9%	-
1982	2%	-
1981	2.11%	-
1980	2.22%	-
1979	2.34%	-
1978	2.47%	-
1977	2.62%	-
1976	2.77%	-
1975	2.94%	-
1974	3.11%	-
1973	3.29%	-
1972	3.47%	-
1971	3.65%	-
1970	3.82%	-
1969	3.97%	-
1968	4.11%	-
1967	4.22%	-
1966	4.31%	-
1965	4.38%	-
1964	4.43%	-
1963	4.45%	-
1962	4.45%	-
1961	4.44%	-
1960	4.41%	-

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 0.83% in Cuba and 0.26% in Montenegro. Above is a chart with historical data on under-five mortality rates.