Fertility & birth rates in Cuba and North Korea

Fertility rate in Cuba vs North Korea chart

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Cuba was 1.44 children per woman in 2023, compared to 1.78 in North Korea in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Cuba vs North Korea population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart below showcases historical changes in the birth rates.

Table

Year	Fertility rate
	Cuba	North Korea
1960	4.13	3.57
1961	4.26	3.26
1962	4.42	3.41
1963	4.56	3.63
1964	4.53	3.55
1965	4.5	3.56
1966	4.4	3.71
1967	4.29	4.05
1968	4.19	3.87
1969	4.12	3.86
1970	3.98	3.85
1971	3.8	3.74
1972	3.61	3.89
1973	3.4	3.35
1974	3.16	3.14
1975	2.82	3.05
1976	2.51	2.84
1977	2.21	2.77
1978	1.88	2.79
1979	1.77	2.85
1980	1.64	2.84
1981	1.59	2.92
1982	1.78	2.85
1983	1.8	2.78
1984	1.77	2.71
1985	1.77	2.65
1986	1.78	2.59
1987	1.8	2.53
1988	1.85	2.47
1989	1.83	2.41
1990	1.81	2.39
1991	1.66	2.35
1992	1.56	2.29
1993	1.49	2.22
1994	1.47	2.18
1995	1.48	2.15
1996	1.46	2.09
1997	1.59	2.03
1998	1.62	1.99
1999	1.64	1.97
2000	1.61	1.94
2001	1.6	1.94
2002	1.65	1.92
2003	1.63	1.91
2004	1.55	1.9
2005	1.49	1.87
2006	1.4	1.94
2007	1.44	1.94
2008	1.58	1.97
2009	1.68	1.91
2010	1.67	1.89
2011	1.73	1.88
2012	1.67	1.88
2013	1.68	1.88
2014	1.66	1.87
2015	1.69	1.86
2016	1.6	1.86
2017	1.59	1.85
2018	1.61	1.83
2019	1.54	1.83
2020	1.49	1.82
2021	1.43	1.81
2022	1.41	1.8
2023	1.44	1.78
2024	1.45	1.78
2025	1.45	1.77
2026	1.45	1.75
2027	1.46	1.74
2028	1.46	1.73
2029	1.46	1.73
2030	1.47	1.72
2031	1.47	1.72
2032	1.47	1.71
2033	1.48	1.71
2034	1.48	1.71
2035	1.49	1.7
2036	1.49	1.7
2037	1.49	1.7
2038	1.49	1.69
2039	1.49	1.69
2040	1.49	1.69
2041	1.49	1.69
2042	1.5	1.69
2043	1.5	1.69
2044	1.5	1.68
2045	1.5	1.68
2046	1.51	1.68
2047	1.51	1.68
2048	1.51	1.67
2049	1.51	1.67
2050	1.51	1.67

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Table

Year	Share of people 0-14 years old
	Cuba	North Korea
1960	36%	37.5%
1961	36.2%	37%
1962	36.5%	36.6%
1963	36.8%	36.5%
1964	37.1%	36.6%
1965	37.3%	36.7%
1966	37.5%	37.3%
1967	37.7%	38.3%
1968	37.8%	39.2%
1969	37.9%	39.8%
1970	38%	40.1%
1971	37.9%	40.3%
1972	37.8%	40.2%
1973	37.6%	39.8%
1974	37.3%	39.3%
1975	36.8%	38.8%
1976	36.2%	38.3%
1977	35.4%	37.7%
1978	34.3%	36.9%
1979	33.2%	36%
1980	31.9%	35.1%
1981	30.5%	34.2%
1982	29.3%	33.1%
1983	28.1%	32%
1984	27.1%	30.9%
1985	26.1%	29.9%
1986	25.2%	29%
1987	24.3%	28%
1988	23.6%	27.3%
1989	23.1%	26.8%
1990	22.8%	26.5%
1991	22.5%	26.4%
1992	22.4%	26.3%
1993	22.2%	26.4%
1994	22.1%	26.4%
1995	22.1%	26.4%
1996	22.1%	26.3%
1997	22%	26.2%
1998	21.8%	26%
1999	21.5%	25.8%
2000	21.3%	25.6%
2001	20.9%	25.3%
2002	20.6%	25%
2003	20.2%	24.6%
2004	19.8%	24.3%
2005	19.4%	23.9%
2006	18.9%	23.4%
2007	18.5%	23%
2008	18.2%	22.5%
2009	17.9%	22.1%
2010	17.7%	21.6%
2011	17.5%	21.2%
2012	17.3%	20.8%
2013	17.1%	20.4%
2014	16.9%	20.1%
2015	16.7%	19.8%
2016	16.5%	19.6%
2017	16.3%	19.4%
2018	16.1%	19.2%
2019	16%	19.1%
2020	15.8%	19.1%
2021	15.8%	19.1%
2022	15.7%	19%
2023	15.5%	19%
2024	15.3%	18.9%
2025	15%	18.9%
2026	14.7%	18.9%
2027	14.4%	18.8%
2028	14.1%	18.7%
2029	13.9%	18.6%
2030	13.6%	18.5%
2031	13.4%	18.3%
2032	13.2%	18.1%
2033	13%	17.9%
2034	12.8%	17.6%
2035	12.7%	17.4%
2036	12.6%	17.1%
2037	12.6%	16.8%
2038	12.5%	16.6%
2039	12.4%	16.3%
2040	12.4%	16.1%
2041	12.3%	15.9%
2042	12.3%	15.7%
2043	12.2%	15.5%
2044	12.2%	15.4%
2045	12.1%	15.3%
2046	12.1%	15.2%
2047	12%	15.2%
2048	12%	15.2%
2049	11.9%	15.2%
2050	11.8%	15.2%

Children aged 0-14 make up 15.3% of the population in Cuba and 18.9% in North Korea in 2024, compared to 22.8% and 26.5% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Cuba and North Korea compared.

Natural population change in Cuba vs North Korea by year

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change (excluding migration) has been -0.06% in Cuba and +0.42% in North Korea. The chart below illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes resulting from births and deaths.

Table

Year	Population change due to births and deaths
	Cuba	North Korea
1960	172,816	277,717
1961	183,806	257,788
1962	196,423	286,534
1963	205,788	321,805
1964	209,315	323,623
1965	211,322	335,587
1966	209,179	363,882
1967	207,245	414,632
1968	205,487	399,837
1969	205,581	404,189
1970	201,823	406,129
1971	195,106	393,220
1972	187,588	411,997
1973	177,387	338,600
1974	165,099	306,902
1975	144,964	288,966
1976	125,383	255,841
1977	106,875	242,870
1978	86,864	243,533
1979	81,192	251,409
1980	74,271	255,206
1981	74,067	273,800
1982	95,866	276,332
1983	101,858	279,046
1984	101,670	282,987
1985	103,228	287,714
1986	105,997	293,227
1987	109,617	296,030
1988	116,626	299,305
1989	114,865	303,078
1990	112,378	312,460
1991	95,398	320,551
1992	83,461	324,002
1993	73,221	320,880
1994	68,604	320,861
1995	66,809	233,381
1996	61,837	226,095
1997	71,828	211,325
1998	71,284	197,589
1999	69,069	181,613
2000	61,133	161,591
2001	57,325	143,321
2002	58,212	119,504
2003	56,170	178,775
2004	44,258	155,838
2005	36,660	132,765
2006	24,508	129,171
2007	24,617	120,521
2008	32,848	122,015
2009	37,543	111,530
2010	37,021	112,443
2011	40,753	114,798
2012	33,864	118,773
2013	29,827	122,519
2014	22,448	127,078
2015	20,464	127,365
2016	9,677	125,048
2017	2,306	120,181
2018	3,436	113,164
2019	-4,245	106,208
2020	-12,808	95,920
2021	-71,616	99,710
2022	-17,961	96,495
2023	-15,880	86,203

Maternal mortality chart: Cuba vs North Korea

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 35 deaths per 100,000 live births in Cuba, compared to 67 deaths in North Korea.

Table

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Cuba	North Korea
1985	70	76
1986	70	68
1987	69	62
1988	68	55
1989	66	49
1990	66	43
1991	66	38
1992	66	37
1993	65	46
1994	64	57
1995	62	127
1996	59	128
1997	57	128
1998	54	129
1999	51	129
2000	48	129
2001	46	130
2002	45	131
2003	44	76
2004	44	77
2005	43	78
2006	42	80
2007	42	80
2008	44	79
2009	45	78
2010	44	77
2011	44	76
2012	42	76
2013	42	75
2014	42	73
2015	41	72
2016	40	71
2017	39	70
2018	39	69
2019	40	66
2020	40	66
2021	172	72
2022	41	67
2023	35	67

Under-five mortality rates

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 0.83% in Cuba and 1.8% in North Korea. Below is the historical data on under-five mortality rates.

Table

Year	Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
	Cuba	North Korea
1960	4.41%	11.6%
1961	4.44%	11.2%
1962	4.45%	10.8%
1963	4.45%	10.4%
1964	4.43%	9.92%
1965	4.38%	9.46%
1966	4.31%	8.96%
1967	4.22%	8.45%
1968	4.11%	7.94%
1969	3.97%	7.45%
1970	3.82%	6.99%
1971	3.65%	6.58%
1972	3.47%	6.2%
1973	3.29%	5.86%
1974	3.11%	5.56%
1975	2.94%	5.28%
1976	2.77%	5.03%
1977	2.62%	4.8%
1978	2.47%	4.59%
1979	2.34%	4.4%
1980	2.22%	4.22%
1981	2.11%	4.05%
1982	2%	3.91%
1983	1.9%	3.8%
1984	1.81%	3.71%
1985	1.73%	3.68%
1986	1.64%	3.68%
1987	1.56%	3.78%
1988	1.49%	3.83%
1989	1.41%	3.95%
1990	1.34%	4.07%
1991	1.28%	4.18%
1992	1.22%	4.25%
1993	1.16%	4.27%
1994	1.11%	4.25%
1995	1.06%	10.8%
1996	1.01%	10.6%
1997	0.97%	10.5%
1998	0.93%	10.3%
1999	0.89%	10.2%
2000	0.86%	10%
2001	0.82%	9.9%
2002	0.79%	9.78%
2003	0.76%	3.45%
2004	0.73%	3.38%
2005	0.71%	3.33%
2006	0.69%	3.28%
2007	0.66%	3.24%
2008	0.65%	3.1%
2009	0.63%	3%
2010	0.62%	2.87%
2011	0.61%	2.72%
2012	0.6%	2.57%
2013	0.6%	2.41%
2014	0.6%	2.26%
2015	0.61%	2.14%
2016	0.62%	2.06%
2017	0.64%	1.91%
2018	0.66%	1.84%
2019	0.69%	1.77%
2020	0.72%	1.74%
2021	0.76%	1.74%
2022	0.79%	1.77%
2023	0.83%	1.8%