Fertility & birth rates in Cuba and Ethiopia

Fertility rate in Cuba vs Ethiopia chart

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Cuba was 1.44 children per woman in 2023, compared to 3.99 in Ethiopia in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Cuba vs Ethiopia population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart below showcases historical changes in the birth rates.

Table

Year	Fertility rate
	Cuba	Ethiopia
1960	4.13	6.51
1961	4.26	6.53
1962	4.42	6.56
1963	4.56	6.59
1964	4.53	6.61
1965	4.5	6.63
1966	4.4	6.66
1967	4.29	6.68
1968	4.19	6.7
1969	4.12	6.72
1970	3.98	6.78
1971	3.8	6.84
1972	3.61	6.9
1973	3.4	6.96
1974	3.16	7.02
1975	2.82	7.08
1976	2.51	7.13
1977	2.21	7.19
1978	1.88	7.23
1979	1.77	7.25
1980	1.64	7.29
1981	1.59	7.31
1982	1.78	7.34
1983	1.8	7.35
1984	1.77	7.36
1985	1.77	7.34
1986	1.78	7.32
1987	1.8	7.29
1988	1.85	7.26
1989	1.83	7.23
1990	1.81	7.2
1991	1.66	7.16
1992	1.56	7.13
1993	1.49	7.09
1994	1.47	7.05
1995	1.48	7
1996	1.46	6.93
1997	1.59	6.87
1998	1.62	6.79
1999	1.64	6.72
2000	1.61	6.65
2001	1.6	6.58
2002	1.65	6.5
2003	1.63	6.4
2004	1.55	6.3
2005	1.49	6.19
2006	1.4	6.05
2007	1.44	5.89
2008	1.58	5.7
2009	1.68	5.49
2010	1.67	5.28
2011	1.73	5.08
2012	1.67	4.89
2013	1.68	4.71
2014	1.66	4.61
2015	1.69	4.53
2016	1.6	4.47
2017	1.59	4.4
2018	1.61	4.37
2019	1.54	4.35
2020	1.49	4.27
2021	1.43	4.18
2022	1.41	4.08
2023	1.44	3.99
2024	1.45	3.91
2025	1.45	3.81
2026	1.45	3.72
2027	1.46	3.64
2028	1.46	3.57
2029	1.46	3.5
2030	1.47	3.43
2031	1.47	3.36
2032	1.47	3.3
2033	1.48	3.24
2034	1.48	3.19
2035	1.49	3.14
2036	1.49	3.08
2037	1.49	3.03
2038	1.49	2.99
2039	1.49	2.94
2040	1.49	2.9
2041	1.49	2.86
2042	1.5	2.83
2043	1.5	2.79
2044	1.5	2.75
2045	1.5	2.72
2046	1.51	2.68
2047	1.51	2.65
2048	1.51	2.62
2049	1.51	2.59
2050	1.51	2.55

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Table

Year	Share of people 0-14 years old
	Cuba	Ethiopia
1960	36%	42.2%
1961	36.2%	42.2%
1962	36.5%	42.1%
1963	36.8%	42.2%
1964	37.1%	42.3%
1965	37.3%	42.5%
1966	37.5%	42.9%
1967	37.7%	43.2%
1968	37.8%	43.5%
1969	37.9%	43.8%
1970	38%	44.2%
1971	37.9%	44.5%
1972	37.8%	44.9%
1973	37.6%	45.2%
1974	37.3%	45.4%
1975	36.8%	45.6%
1976	36.2%	45.7%
1977	35.4%	45.9%
1978	34.3%	46.1%
1979	33.2%	46.2%
1980	31.9%	46.3%
1981	30.5%	46.4%
1982	29.3%	46.5%
1983	28.1%	46.4%
1984	27.1%	46.2%
1985	26.1%	46.1%
1986	25.2%	46%
1987	24.3%	46%
1988	23.6%	46%
1989	23.1%	46.1%
1990	22.8%	46.2%
1991	22.5%	46.2%
1992	22.4%	46.2%
1993	22.2%	46.4%
1994	22.1%	46.5%
1995	22.1%	46.7%
1996	22.1%	46.9%
1997	22%	47.1%
1998	21.8%	47.4%
1999	21.5%	47.6%
2000	21.3%	47.7%
2001	20.9%	47.8%
2002	20.6%	47.8%
2003	20.2%	47.7%
2004	19.8%	47.6%
2005	19.4%	47.4%
2006	18.9%	47.2%
2007	18.5%	46.9%
2008	18.2%	46.6%
2009	17.9%	46.2%
2010	17.7%	45.7%
2011	17.5%	45.2%
2012	17.3%	44.6%
2013	17.1%	44%
2014	16.9%	43.4%
2015	16.7%	42.9%
2016	16.5%	42.3%
2017	16.3%	41.8%
2018	16.1%	41.3%
2019	16%	40.9%
2020	15.8%	40.5%
2021	15.8%	40.1%
2022	15.7%	39.7%
2023	15.5%	39.4%
2024	15.3%	39.1%
2025	15%	38.8%
2026	14.7%	38.5%
2027	14.4%	38.3%
2028	14.1%	38.1%
2029	13.9%	37.8%
2030	13.6%	37.6%
2031	13.4%	37.3%
2032	13.2%	37%
2033	13%	36.6%
2034	12.8%	36.2%
2035	12.7%	35.8%
2036	12.6%	35.4%
2037	12.6%	34.9%
2038	12.5%	34.5%
2039	12.4%	34%
2040	12.4%	33.6%
2041	12.3%	33.2%
2042	12.3%	32.8%
2043	12.2%	32.4%
2044	12.2%	32%
2045	12.1%	31.7%
2046	12.1%	31.3%
2047	12%	31%
2048	12%	30.7%
2049	11.9%	30.3%
2050	11.8%	30%

Children aged 0-14 make up 15.3% of the population in Cuba and 39.1% in Ethiopia in 2024, compared to 22.8% and 46.2% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Cuba and Ethiopia compared.

Natural population change in Cuba vs Ethiopia by year

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change (excluding migration) has been -0.06% in Cuba and +2.64% in Ethiopia. The chart below illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes resulting from births and deaths.

Table

Year	Population change due to births and deaths
	Cuba	Ethiopia
1960	172,816	511,694
1961	183,806	538,518
1962	196,423	563,650
1963	205,788	590,998
1964	209,315	618,667
1965	211,322	642,359
1966	209,179	616,281
1967	207,245	695,283
1968	205,487	715,602
1969	205,581	736,428
1970	201,823	760,821
1971	195,106	787,047
1972	187,588	779,808
1973	177,387	807,535
1974	165,099	777,306
1975	144,964	801,425
1976	125,383	899,577
1977	106,875	929,381
1978	86,864	943,388
1979	81,192	987,203
1980	74,271	1,007,516
1981	74,067	1,018,838
1982	95,866	1,080,853
1983	101,858	863,472
1984	101,670	920,670
1985	103,228	997,050
1986	105,997	1,050,277
1987	109,617	1,356,853
1988	116,626	1,393,356
1989	114,865	1,441,769
1990	112,378	1,479,663
1991	95,398	1,579,416
1992	83,461	1,673,839
1993	73,221	1,734,851
1994	68,604	1,788,133
1995	66,809	1,831,068
1996	61,837	1,896,364
1997	71,828	1,945,112
1998	71,284	1,984,989
1999	69,069	2,010,987
2000	61,133	2,083,622
2001	57,325	2,137,791
2002	58,212	2,189,683
2003	56,170	2,231,223
2004	44,258	2,296,999
2005	36,660	2,353,375
2006	24,508	2,393,585
2007	24,617	2,436,753
2008	32,848	2,465,283
2009	37,543	2,467,118
2010	37,021	2,498,048
2011	40,753	2,527,811
2012	33,864	2,533,398
2013	29,827	2,546,020
2014	22,448	2,623,647
2015	20,464	2,713,529
2016	9,677	2,809,889
2017	2,306	2,899,143
2018	3,436	3,015,231
2019	-4,245	3,132,780
2020	-12,808	3,199,718
2021	-71,616	3,204,673
2022	-17,961	3,300,114
2023	-15,880	3,338,649

Maternal mortality chart: Cuba vs Ethiopia

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 35 deaths per 100,000 live births in Cuba, compared to 195 deaths in Ethiopia.

Table

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Cuba	Ethiopia
1985	70	1,329
1986	70	1,317
1987	69	1,289
1988	68	1,306
1989	66	1,296
1990	66	1,320
1991	66	1,239
1992	66	1,218
1993	65	1,168
1994	64	1,113
1995	62	1,060
1996	59	1,008
1997	57	957
1998	54	911
1999	51	901
2000	48	870
2001	46	856
2002	45	826
2003	44	797
2004	44	764
2005	43	754
2006	42	729
2007	42	704
2008	44	678
2009	45	649
2010	44	619
2011	44	588
2012	42	545
2013	42	494
2014	42	444
2015	41	401
2016	40	364
2017	39	327
2018	39	297
2019	40	269
2020	40	244
2021	172	250
2022	41	207
2023	35	195

Under-five mortality rates

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 0.83% in Cuba and 4.65% in Ethiopia. Below is the historical data on under-five mortality rates.

Table

Year	Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
	Cuba	Ethiopia
1960	4.41%	-
1961	4.44%	-
1962	4.45%	-
1963	4.45%	-
1964	4.43%	-
1965	4.38%	-
1966	4.31%	27.8%
1967	4.22%	24.9%
1968	4.11%	24.8%
1969	3.97%	24.8%
1970	3.82%	24.7%
1971	3.65%	24.7%
1972	3.47%	24.7%
1973	3.29%	24.6%
1974	3.11%	28.3%
1975	2.94%	28.2%
1976	2.77%	24.5%
1977	2.62%	24.5%
1978	2.47%	24.4%
1979	2.34%	24.2%
1980	2.22%	24%
1981	2.11%	23.8%
1982	2%	23.5%
1983	1.9%	32%
1984	1.81%	31.4%
1985	1.73%	30.3%
1986	1.64%	29.7%
1987	1.56%	21.5%
1988	1.49%	21%
1989	1.41%	20.6%
1990	1.34%	20.2%
1991	1.28%	19.7%
1992	1.22%	19.1%
1993	1.16%	18.5%
1994	1.11%	17.9%
1995	1.06%	17.2%
1996	1.01%	16.6%
1997	0.97%	15.9%
1998	0.93%	15.3%
1999	0.89%	14.7%
2000	0.86%	14%
2001	0.82%	13.4%
2002	0.79%	12.8%
2003	0.76%	12.1%
2004	0.73%	11.5%
2005	0.71%	10.9%
2006	0.69%	10.3%
2007	0.66%	9.74%
2008	0.65%	9.23%
2009	0.63%	8.76%
2010	0.62%	8.32%
2011	0.61%	7.91%
2012	0.6%	7.53%
2013	0.6%	7.16%
2014	0.6%	6.82%
2015	0.61%	6.49%
2016	0.62%	6.17%
2017	0.64%	5.89%
2018	0.66%	5.64%
2019	0.69%	5.41%
2020	0.72%	5.2%
2021	0.76%	5%
2022	0.79%	4.82%
2023	0.83%	4.65%