Fertility & birth rates in Cuba and Ethiopia

Fertility rate in Cuba vs Ethiopia by year

Chart Table

Cuba

Ethiopia

1x

Year	Fertility rate
	Cuba	Ethiopia
2023	1.44	3.99
2022	1.41	4.08
2021	1.43	4.18
2020	1.49	4.27
2019	1.54	4.35
2018	1.61	4.37
2017	1.59	4.4
2016	1.6	4.47
2015	1.69	4.53
2014	1.66	4.61
2013	1.68	4.71
2012	1.67	4.89
2011	1.73	5.08
2010	1.67	5.28
2009	1.68	5.49
2008	1.58	5.7
2007	1.44	5.89
2006	1.4	6.05
2005	1.49	6.19
2004	1.55	6.3
2003	1.63	6.4
2002	1.65	6.5
2001	1.6	6.58
2000	1.61	6.65
1999	1.64	6.72
1998	1.62	6.79
1997	1.59	6.87
1996	1.46	6.93
1995	1.48	7
1994	1.47	7.05
1993	1.49	7.09
1992	1.56	7.13
1991	1.66	7.16
1990	1.81	7.2
1989	1.83	7.23
1988	1.85	7.26
1987	1.8	7.29
1986	1.78	7.32
1985	1.77	7.34
1984	1.77	7.36
1983	1.8	7.35
1982	1.78	7.34
1981	1.59	7.31
1980	1.64	7.29
1979	1.77	7.25
1978	1.88	7.23
1977	2.21	7.19
1976	2.51	7.13
1975	2.82	7.08
1974	3.16	7.02
1973	3.4	6.96
1972	3.61	6.9
1971	3.8	6.84
1970	3.98	6.78
1969	4.12	6.72
1968	4.19	6.7
1967	4.29	6.68
1966	4.4	6.66
1965	4.5	6.63
1964	4.53	6.61
1963	4.56	6.59
1962	4.42	6.56
1961	4.26	6.53
1960	4.13	6.51

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Cuba was 1.44 children per woman in 2023, compared to 3.99 in Ethiopia in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Cuba vs Ethiopia population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

Natural population change by year

Chart Table

Cuba

Ethiopia

1x

Year	Natural population change
	Cuba	Ethiopia
2023	-15,880	3,338,649
2022	-17,961	3,300,114
2021	-71,616	3,204,673
2020	-12,808	3,199,718
2019	-4,245	3,132,780
2018	3,436	3,015,231
2017	2,306	2,899,143
2016	9,677	2,809,889
2015	20,464	2,713,529
2014	22,448	2,623,647
2013	29,827	2,546,020
2012	33,864	2,533,398
2011	40,753	2,527,811
2010	37,021	2,498,048
2009	37,543	2,467,118
2008	32,848	2,465,283
2007	24,617	2,436,753
2006	24,508	2,393,585
2005	36,660	2,353,375
2004	44,258	2,296,999
2003	56,170	2,231,223
2002	58,212	2,189,683
2001	57,325	2,137,791
2000	61,133	2,083,622
1999	69,069	2,010,987
1998	71,284	1,984,989
1997	71,828	1,945,112
1996	61,837	1,896,364
1995	66,809	1,831,068
1994	68,604	1,788,133
1993	73,221	1,734,851
1992	83,461	1,673,839
1991	95,398	1,579,416
1990	112,378	1,479,663
1989	114,865	1,441,769
1988	116,626	1,393,356
1987	109,617	1,356,853
1986	105,997	1,050,277
1985	103,228	997,050
1984	101,670	920,670
1983	101,858	863,472
1982	95,866	1,080,853
1981	74,067	1,018,838
1980	74,271	1,007,516
1979	81,192	987,203
1978	86,864	943,388
1977	106,875	929,381
1976	125,383	899,577
1975	144,964	801,425
1974	165,099	777,306
1973	177,387	807,535
1972	187,588	779,808
1971	195,106	787,047
1970	201,823	760,821
1969	205,581	736,428
1968	205,487	715,602
1967	207,245	695,283
1966	209,179	616,281
1965	211,322	642,359
1964	209,315	618,667
1963	205,788	590,998
1962	196,423	563,650
1961	183,806	538,518
1960	172,816	511,694

The chart above illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes in population resulting from births and deaths.

Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was -0.14% in Cuba and +2.59% in Ethiopia.

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change has been -0.06% in Cuba and +2.64% in Ethiopia.

Birth rate in Cuba vs Ethiopia by year

Chart Table

Cuba

Ethiopia

Annual births per 1,000 people

1x

Year	Annual births per 1,000 people
	Cuba	Ethiopia
2023	8.71	31.9
2022	8.66	32.4
2021	8.81	32.9
2020	9.26	33.3
2019	9.67	33.5
2018	10.2	33.4
2017	10.1	33.2
2016	10.3	33.3
2015	10.9	33.3
2014	10.9	33.4
2013	11.2	33.6
2012	11.2	34.6
2011	11.8	35.7
2010	11.4	36.6
2009	11.5	37.5
2008	10.9	38.9
2007	10	40.1
2006	9.87	41.1
2005	10.6	42.1
2004	11.3	42.7
2003	12.1	43.3
2002	12.5	44.3
2001	12.4	45
2000	12.9	45.6
1999	13.5	46.4
1998	13.7	47
1997	13.8	47.9
1996	13	48.6
1995	13.5	49
1994	13.7	49.6
1993	14.1	50.1
1992	15	50.4
1991	16.1	50.2
1990	17.6	50.8
1989	17.8	50.8
1988	18	50.9
1987	17.3	51.2
1986	17	51.5
1985	16.7	51.6
1984	16.5	51.4
1983	16.5	51.1
1982	15.9	50.8
1981	13.9	50.3
1980	13.9	51.4
1979	14.6	51.3
1978	15.1	51
1977	17.3	51.2
1976	19.4	50.7
1975	21.6	50.6
1974	24.1	50.4
1973	25.8	50.1
1972	27.2	50
1971	28.5	49.9
1970	29.9	49.7
1969	31	49.6
1968	31.6	49.5
1967	32.5	49.6
1966	33.4	49.5
1965	34.4	49.3
1964	34.9	49
1963	35.4	48.7
1962	34.6	48.5
1961	33.7	48.1
1960	32.8	47.9

The latest reported birth rate per 1,000 people in 2023 was 8.71 in Cuba and 31.9 in Ethiopia, compared with 32.8 and 47.9, respectively, in 1960.

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Chart Table

Cuba

Factual

UN forecast

Ethiopia

Factual

UN forecast

1x

Year	Young
	Cuba	Ethiopia
2100	10.9%	19.2%
2099	10.9%	19.4%
2098	10.9%	19.5%
2097	10.9%	19.6%
2096	10.9%	19.8%
2095	10.9%	19.9%
2094	10.9%	20.1%
2093	10.9%	20.2%
2092	10.9%	20.4%
2091	10.9%	20.5%
2090	11%	20.7%
2089	11%	20.9%
2088	11%	21%
2087	11%	21.2%
2086	11%	21.4%
2085	11%	21.5%
2084	11%	21.7%
2083	11%	21.9%
2082	11.1%	22.1%
2081	11.1%	22.3%
2080	11.1%	22.5%
2079	11.1%	22.6%
2078	11.1%	22.8%
2077	11.1%	23.1%
2076	11.1%	23.3%
2075	11.1%	23.5%
2074	11.1%	23.7%
2073	11.1%	23.9%
2072	11.1%	24.2%
2071	11.2%	24.4%
2070	11.2%	24.7%
2069	11.2%	24.9%
2068	11.2%	25.2%
2067	11.2%	25.4%
2066	11.2%	25.7%
2065	11.2%	26%
2064	11.2%	26.2%
2063	11.3%	26.5%
2062	11.3%	26.8%
2061	11.3%	27.1%
2060	11.3%	27.4%
2059	11.4%	27.6%
2058	11.4%	27.9%
2057	11.5%	28.2%
2056	11.5%	28.5%
2055	11.5%	28.8%
2054	11.6%	29%
2053	11.7%	29.3%
2052	11.7%	29.6%
2051	11.8%	29.9%
2050	11.9%	30.2%
2049	11.9%	30.5%
2048	12%	30.8%
2047	12%	31.1%
2046	12.1%	31.5%
2045	12.2%	31.9%
2044	12.2%	32.2%
2043	12.3%	32.6%
2042	12.3%	33%
2041	12.4%	33.4%
2040	12.4%	33.8%
2039	12.5%	34.3%
2038	12.5%	34.7%
2037	12.6%	35.1%
2036	12.6%	35.6%
2035	12.7%	36%
2034	12.9%	36.5%
2033	13.1%	36.8%
2032	13.3%	37.2%
2031	13.5%	37.5%
2030	13.8%	37.7%
2029	14%	37.9%
2028	14.3%	38.2%
2027	14.6%	38.4%
2026	14.9%	38.6%
2025	15.2%	38.9%
2024	15.3%	39.1%
2023	15.5%	39.4%
2022	15.7%	39.7%
2021	15.8%	40.1%
2020	15.8%	40.5%
2019	16%	40.9%
2018	16.1%	41.3%
2017	16.3%	41.8%
2016	16.5%	42.3%
2015	16.7%	42.9%
2014	16.9%	43.4%
2013	17.1%	44%
2012	17.3%	44.6%
2011	17.5%	45.2%
2010	17.7%	45.7%
2009	17.9%	46.2%
2008	18.2%	46.6%
2007	18.5%	46.9%
2006	18.9%	47.2%
2005	19.4%	47.4%
2004	19.8%	47.6%
2003	20.2%	47.7%
2002	20.6%	47.8%
2001	20.9%	47.8%
2000	21.3%	47.7%
1999	21.5%	47.6%
1998	21.8%	47.4%
1997	22%	47.1%
1996	22.1%	46.9%
1995	22.1%	46.7%
1994	22.1%	46.5%
1993	22.2%	46.4%
1992	22.4%	46.2%
1991	22.5%	46.2%
1990	22.8%	46.2%
1989	23.1%	46.1%
1988	23.6%	46%
1987	24.3%	46%
1986	25.2%	46%
1985	26.1%	46.1%
1984	27.1%	46.2%
1983	28.1%	46.4%
1982	29.3%	46.5%
1981	30.5%	46.4%
1980	31.9%	46.3%
1979	33.2%	46.2%
1978	34.3%	46.1%
1977	35.4%	45.9%
1976	36.2%	45.7%
1975	36.8%	45.6%
1974	37.3%	45.4%
1973	37.6%	45.2%
1972	37.8%	44.9%
1971	37.9%	44.5%
1970	38%	44.2%
1969	37.9%	43.8%
1968	37.8%	43.5%
1967	37.7%	43.2%
1966	37.5%	42.9%
1965	37.3%	42.5%
1964	37.1%	42.3%
1963	36.8%	42.2%
1962	36.5%	42.1%
1961	36.2%	42.2%
1960	36%	42.2%

Children aged 0-14 make up 15.3% of the population in Cuba and 39.1% in Ethiopia in 2024, compared to 22.8% and 46.2% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Cuba and Ethiopia compared.

Maternal mortality chart: Cuba vs Ethiopia

Chart Table

Cuba

Ethiopia

1x

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Cuba	Ethiopia
2023	35	195
2022	41	207
2021	172	250
2020	40	244
2019	40	269
2018	39	297
2017	39	327
2016	40	364
2015	41	401
2014	42	444
2013	42	494
2012	42	545
2011	44	588
2010	44	619
2009	45	649
2008	44	678
2007	42	704
2006	42	729
2005	43	754
2004	44	764
2003	44	797
2002	45	826
2001	46	856
2000	48	870
1999	51	901
1998	54	911
1997	57	957
1996	59	1,008
1995	62	1,060
1994	64	1,113
1993	65	1,168
1992	66	1,218
1991	66	1,239
1990	66	1,320
1989	66	1,296
1988	68	1,306
1987	69	1,289
1986	70	1,317
1985	70	1,329

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 35 deaths per 100,000 live births in Cuba, compared to 195 deaths in Ethiopia.

Under-five mortality rates

Chart Table

Cuba

Ethiopia

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

1x

Year	Under 5 mortality rate
	Cuba	Ethiopia
2023	0.83%	4.65%
2022	0.79%	4.82%
2021	0.76%	5%
2020	0.72%	5.2%
2019	0.69%	5.41%
2018	0.66%	5.64%
2017	0.64%	5.89%
2016	0.62%	6.17%
2015	0.61%	6.49%
2014	0.6%	6.82%
2013	0.6%	7.16%
2012	0.6%	7.53%
2011	0.61%	7.91%
2010	0.62%	8.32%
2009	0.63%	8.76%
2008	0.65%	9.23%
2007	0.66%	9.74%
2006	0.69%	10.3%
2005	0.71%	10.9%
2004	0.73%	11.5%
2003	0.76%	12.1%
2002	0.79%	12.8%
2001	0.82%	13.4%
2000	0.86%	14%
1999	0.89%	14.7%
1998	0.93%	15.3%
1997	0.97%	15.9%
1996	1.01%	16.6%
1995	1.06%	17.2%
1994	1.11%	17.9%
1993	1.16%	18.5%
1992	1.22%	19.1%
1991	1.28%	19.7%
1990	1.34%	20.2%
1989	1.41%	20.6%
1988	1.49%	21%
1987	1.56%	21.5%
1986	1.64%	29.7%
1985	1.73%	30.3%
1984	1.81%	31.4%
1983	1.9%	32%
1982	2%	23.5%
1981	2.11%	23.8%
1980	2.22%	24%
1979	2.34%	24.2%
1978	2.47%	24.4%
1977	2.62%	24.5%
1976	2.77%	24.5%
1975	2.94%	28.2%
1974	3.11%	28.3%
1973	3.29%	24.6%
1972	3.47%	24.7%
1971	3.65%	24.7%
1970	3.82%	24.7%
1969	3.97%	24.8%
1968	4.11%	24.8%
1967	4.22%	24.9%
1966	4.31%	27.8%
1965	4.38%	-
1964	4.43%	-
1963	4.45%	-
1962	4.45%	-
1961	4.44%	-
1960	4.41%	-

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 0.83% in Cuba and 4.65% in Ethiopia. Above is a chart with historical data on under-five mortality rates.