Fertility & birth rates in Australia and Mongolia

Fertility rate in Australia vs Mongolia chart

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Australia was 1.5 children per woman in 2023, compared to 2.7 in Mongolia in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Australia vs Mongolia population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart below showcases historical changes in the birth rates.

Table

Year	Fertility rate
	Australia	Mongolia
1960	3.45	6.82
1961	3.54	6.96
1962	3.44	7.1
1963	3.33	7.24
1964	3.15	7.33
1965	2.98	7.38
1966	2.88	7.41
1967	2.85	7.39
1968	2.89	7.37
1969	2.89	7.34
1970	2.86	7.31
1971	2.96	7.3
1972	2.74	7.28
1973	2.49	7.24
1974	2.4	7.17
1975	2.15	7.07
1976	2.06	6.93
1977	2.01	6.79
1978	1.95	6.62
1979	1.91	6.42
1980	1.89	6.21
1981	1.94	5.98
1982	1.93	5.8
1983	1.92	5.63
1984	1.84	5.45
1985	1.92	5.26
1986	1.87	5.03
1987	1.85	4.83
1988	1.83	4.65
1989	1.84	4.42
1990	1.9	4.5
1991	1.85	4
1992	1.89	3.5
1993	1.86	2.5
1994	1.84	2.7
1995	1.82	2.77
1996	1.8	2.5
1997	1.78	2.4
1998	1.76	2.3
1999	1.76	2.3
2000	1.76	2.2
2001	1.74	2.2
2002	1.76	2.1
2003	1.75	2
2004	1.77	2
2005	1.81	2
2006	1.91	2.1
2007	1.96	2.3
2008	1.98	2.6
2009	1.97	2.8
2010	1.93	2.4
2011	1.93	2.6
2012	1.92	2.7
2013	1.86	3
2014	1.83	3.1
2015	1.81	3
2016	1.75	3
2017	1.74	2.8
2018	1.74	2.9
2019	1.66	3
2020	1.58	2.9
2021	1.7	2.8
2022	1.63	2.7
2023	1.5	2.7
2024	1.5	2.65
2025	1.5	2.6
2026	1.5	2.55
2027	1.5	2.51
2028	1.51	2.47
2029	1.5	2.44
2030	1.51	2.4
2031	1.5	2.37
2032	1.5	2.34
2033	1.5	2.31
2034	1.5	2.29
2035	1.5	2.26
2036	1.5	2.23
2037	1.5	2.21
2038	1.5	2.19
2039	1.5	2.17
2040	1.5	2.15
2041	1.5	2.13
2042	1.5	2.11
2043	1.5	2.09
2044	1.5	2.08
2045	1.5	2.06
2046	1.5	2.05
2047	1.5	2.04
2048	1.5	2.02
2049	1.5	2.01
2050	1.5	2

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Table

Year	Share of people 0-14 years old
	Australia	Mongolia
1960	30.2%	38.1%
1961	30.2%	38.8%
1962	30.1%	39.6%
1963	29.9%	40.4%
1964	29.8%	41.4%
1965	29.6%	42.4%
1966	29.5%	43.3%
1967	29.3%	44.2%
1968	29.1%	44.9%
1969	28.9%	45.4%
1970	28.8%	45.6%
1971	28.7%	45.8%
1972	28.5%	45.8%
1973	28.2%	45.8%
1974	27.9%	45.6%
1975	27.5%	45.4%
1976	27%	45.2%
1977	26.5%	44.8%
1978	26.1%	44.5%
1979	25.6%	44.1%
1980	25.3%	43.7%
1981	25%	43.3%
1982	24.7%	43%
1983	24.4%	42.7%
1984	24%	42.5%
1985	23.6%	42.3%
1986	23.1%	42.1%
1987	22.7%	42%
1988	22.4%	41.8%
1989	22.2%	41.7%
1990	22%	41.4%
1991	21.9%	41%
1992	21.8%	40.5%
1993	21.7%	40%
1994	21.7%	39.5%
1995	21.5%	39%
1996	21.4%	38.4%
1997	21.2%	37.8%
1998	21.1%	37%
1999	20.9%	36.2%
2000	20.8%	35.2%
2001	20.6%	34.1%
2002	20.4%	32.9%
2003	20.2%	31.8%
2004	20%	30.8%
2005	19.8%	29.9%
2006	19.6%	29.1%
2007	19.4%	28.5%
2008	19.3%	28.1%
2009	19.2%	27.9%
2010	19.1%	27.9%
2011	19%	28%
2012	18.9%	28.1%
2013	18.9%	28.5%
2014	18.9%	28.9%
2015	18.9%	29.5%
2016	18.9%	30.2%
2017	18.8%	30.9%
2018	18.8%	31.6%
2019	18.7%	32.3%
2020	18.6%	32.8%
2021	18.4%	32.9%
2022	18.2%	32.9%
2023	18%	32.6%
2024	17.8%	32.2%
2025	17.7%	31.6%
2026	17.5%	30.9%
2027	17.4%	30.1%
2028	17.2%	29.2%
2029	17%	28.2%
2030	16.9%	27.3%
2031	16.7%	26.3%
2032	16.6%	25.6%
2033	16.5%	24.9%
2034	16.4%	24.3%
2035	16.3%	23.8%
2036	16.2%	23.4%
2037	16.1%	23.1%
2038	16%	23%
2039	15.9%	22.9%
2040	15.9%	22.8%
2041	15.8%	22.9%
2042	15.8%	22.9%
2043	15.7%	23%
2044	15.7%	23.1%
2045	15.7%	23.2%
2046	15.7%	23.3%
2047	15.7%	23.4%
2048	15.7%	23.4%
2049	15.7%	23.4%
2050	15.7%	23.3%

Children aged 0-14 make up 17.8% of the population in Australia and 32.2% in Mongolia in 2024, compared to 22% and 41.4% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Australia and Mongolia compared.

Natural population change in Australia vs Mongolia by year

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change (excluding migration) has been +0.56% in Australia and +1.81% in Mongolia. The chart below illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes resulting from births and deaths.

Table

Year	Population change due to births and deaths
	Australia	Mongolia
1960	141,816	20,726
1961	150,955	21,873
1962	143,943	22,960
1963	140,161	24,142
1964	128,420	25,317
1965	122,990	26,364
1966	126,996	27,338
1967	126,249	28,178
1968	132,099	29,017
1969	143,477	29,781
1970	145,081	30,558
1971	165,593	31,536
1972	155,488	32,727
1973	136,476	33,993
1974	128,996	35,297
1975	123,648	36,490
1976	115,070	37,670
1977	117,793	38,995
1978	116,299	40,276
1979	116,112	41,568
1980	117,536	42,343
1981	125,356	43,588
1982	126,030	45,179
1983	130,844	46,919
1984	123,077	48,562
1985	143,674	49,944
1986	123,342	50,329
1987	128,484	51,140
1988	127,298	51,588
1989	127,789	51,420
1990	143,347	49,443
1991	138,273	47,884
1992	139,829	42,437
1993	137,551	36,924
1994	131,761	34,711
1995	131,436	34,473
1996	125,751	33,741
1997	121,592	32,403
1998	120,949	31,757
1999	118,517	32,283
2000	119,882	32,753
2001	117,575	32,052
2002	116,971	30,439
2003	118,325	28,827
2004	115,610	28,418
2005	129,132	29,290
2006	132,931	33,609
2007	154,124	39,636
2008	155,119	45,843
2009	160,518	48,876
2010	158,628	44,914
2011	156,380	50,711
2012	161,408	55,942
2013	159,584	62,618
2014	154,940	66,078
2015	150,041	64,473
2016	152,403	62,086
2017	150,015	57,940
2018	157,269	60,635
2019	136,808	61,433
2020	133,376	60,888
2021	138,701	52,109
2022	111,862	47,730
2023	103,945	46,995

Maternal mortality chart: Australia vs Mongolia

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 2 deaths per 100,000 live births in Australia, compared to 41 deaths in Mongolia.

Table

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Australia	Mongolia
1985	9	352
1986	8	346
1987	9	341
1988	9	335
1989	9	311
1990	9	276
1991	9	227
1992	9	199
1993	9	181
1994	9	178
1995	9	176
1996	8	178
1997	8	180
1998	7	174
1999	7	162
2000	7	144
2001	6	130
2002	6	120
2003	5	114
2004	5	108
2005	5	99
2006	5	90
2007	5	81
2008	5	77
2009	5	75
2010	5	71
2011	6	67
2012	6	63
2013	6	59
2014	6	56
2015	6	52
2016	6	48
2017	6	45
2018	5	45
2019	5	45
2020	5	47
2021	4	63
2022	4	41
2023	2	41

Under-five mortality rates

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 0.37% in Australia and 1.36% in Mongolia. Below is the historical data on under-five mortality rates.

Table

Year	Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
	Australia	Mongolia
1960	2.49%	-
1961	2.43%	-
1962	2.37%	-
1963	2.32%	-
1964	2.27%	-
1965	2.24%	-
1966	2.21%	-
1967	2.2%	-
1968	2.19%	-
1969	2.18%	-
1970	2.15%	-
1971	2.1%	-
1972	2.03%	-
1973	1.94%	-
1974	1.84%	-
1975	1.73%	-
1976	1.62%	-
1977	1.52%	-
1978	1.44%	17.3%
1979	1.36%	16.7%
1980	1.3%	16.1%
1981	1.26%	15.5%
1982	1.22%	15%
1983	1.19%	14.4%
1984	1.16%	13.9%
1985	1.13%	13.4%
1986	1.1%	12.8%
1987	1.06%	12.2%
1988	1.02%	11.7%
1989	0.97%	11.1%
1990	0.92%	10.7%
1991	0.87%	10.2%
1992	0.82%	9.78%
1993	0.77%	9.39%
1994	0.73%	9%
1995	0.7%	8.6%
1996	0.68%	8.19%
1997	0.66%	7.74%
1998	0.64%	7.27%
1999	0.63%	6.78%
2000	0.62%	6.29%
2001	0.61%	5.8%
2002	0.6%	5.32%
2003	0.59%	4.87%
2004	0.58%	4.45%
2005	0.57%	4.07%
2006	0.56%	3.71%
2007	0.54%	3.39%
2008	0.52%	3.11%
2009	0.5%	2.85%
2010	0.48%	2.63%
2011	0.45%	2.44%
2012	0.43%	2.28%
2013	0.41%	2.15%
2014	0.4%	2.04%
2015	0.39%	1.94%
2016	0.38%	1.84%
2017	0.38%	1.74%
2018	0.38%	1.64%
2019	0.38%	1.56%
2020	0.38%	1.48%
2021	0.37%	1.43%
2022	0.37%	1.39%
2023	0.37%	1.36%