Fertility & birth rates in Cuba and Zimbabwe

Fertility rate in Cuba vs Zimbabwe chart

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Cuba was 1.44 children per woman in 2023, compared to 3.72 in Zimbabwe in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Cuba vs Zimbabwe population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart below showcases historical changes in the birth rates.

Table

Year	Fertility rate
	Cuba	Zimbabwe
1960	4.13	7.2
1961	4.26	7.21
1962	4.42	7.23
1963	4.56	7.23
1964	4.53	7.23
1965	4.5	7.23
1966	4.4	7.2
1967	4.29	7.16
1968	4.19	7.11
1969	4.12	7.04
1970	3.98	6.98
1971	3.8	6.94
1972	3.61	6.94
1973	3.4	6.94
1974	3.16	6.88
1975	2.82	6.83
1976	2.51	6.77
1977	2.21	6.71
1978	1.88	6.66
1979	1.77	6.59
1980	1.64	6.52
1981	1.59	6.45
1982	1.78	6.33
1983	1.8	6.2
1984	1.77	6.04
1985	1.77	5.87
1986	1.78	5.69
1987	1.8	5.5
1988	1.85	5.28
1989	1.83	5.07
1990	1.81	4.88
1991	1.66	4.72
1992	1.56	4.57
1993	1.49	4.39
1994	1.47	4.28
1995	1.48	4.15
1996	1.46	4.11
1997	1.59	4.08
1998	1.62	4.07
1999	1.64	4.06
2000	1.61	4.01
2001	1.6	3.98
2002	1.65	3.93
2003	1.63	3.86
2004	1.55	3.78
2005	1.49	3.69
2006	1.4	3.64
2007	1.44	3.68
2008	1.58	3.78
2009	1.68	3.95
2010	1.67	4.04
2011	1.73	4.13
2012	1.67	4.13
2013	1.68	4.11
2014	1.66	4.01
2015	1.69	3.91
2016	1.6	3.83
2017	1.59	3.77
2018	1.61	3.74
2019	1.54	3.75
2020	1.49	3.75
2021	1.43	3.77
2022	1.41	3.77
2023	1.44	3.72
2024	1.45	3.67
2025	1.45	3.62
2026	1.45	3.57
2027	1.46	3.52
2028	1.46	3.47
2029	1.46	3.43
2030	1.47	3.38
2031	1.47	3.33
2032	1.47	3.29
2033	1.48	3.25
2034	1.48	3.21
2035	1.49	3.17
2036	1.49	3.13
2037	1.49	3.09
2038	1.49	3.06
2039	1.49	3.02
2040	1.49	2.99
2041	1.49	2.96
2042	1.5	2.93
2043	1.5	2.9
2044	1.5	2.87
2045	1.5	2.84
2046	1.51	2.81
2047	1.51	2.78
2048	1.51	2.75
2049	1.51	2.72
2050	1.51	2.69

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Table

Year	Share of people 0-14 years old
	Cuba	Zimbabwe
1960	36%	47.3%
1961	36.2%	47.7%
1962	36.5%	48.1%
1963	36.8%	48.5%
1964	37.1%	48.8%
1965	37.3%	48.7%
1966	37.5%	48.6%
1967	37.7%	48.5%
1968	37.8%	48.5%
1969	37.9%	48.4%
1970	38%	48.3%
1971	37.9%	48.2%
1972	37.8%	48.2%
1973	37.6%	48.1%
1974	37.3%	48.1%
1975	36.8%	48.1%
1976	36.2%	48.2%
1977	35.4%	48.3%
1978	34.3%	48.5%
1979	33.2%	48.8%
1980	31.9%	48.7%
1981	30.5%	48.4%
1982	29.3%	48.3%
1983	28.1%	48.2%
1984	27.1%	48.1%
1985	26.1%	48%
1986	25.2%	47.9%
1987	24.3%	47.9%
1988	23.6%	47.9%
1989	23.1%	47.6%
1990	22.8%	47.1%
1991	22.5%	46.6%
1992	22.4%	46.8%
1993	22.2%	47.1%
1994	22.1%	46.6%
1995	22.1%	45.9%
1996	22.1%	45%
1997	22%	44%
1998	21.8%	43.1%
1999	21.5%	42.4%
2000	21.3%	41.9%
2001	20.9%	41.5%
2002	20.6%	41.4%
2003	20.2%	41.5%
2004	19.8%	41.7%
2005	19.4%	41.9%
2006	18.9%	42%
2007	18.5%	42.1%
2008	18.2%	42.4%
2009	17.9%	42.7%
2010	17.7%	43%
2011	17.5%	43.4%
2012	17.3%	43.7%
2013	17.1%	43.9%
2014	16.9%	43.9%
2015	16.7%	43.8%
2016	16.5%	43.6%
2017	16.3%	43.3%
2018	16.1%	42.9%
2019	16%	42.5%
2020	15.8%	42.2%
2021	15.8%	41.9%
2022	15.7%	41.6%
2023	15.5%	41.3%
2024	15.3%	40.9%
2025	15%	40.3%
2026	14.7%	39.6%
2027	14.4%	39%
2028	14.1%	38.4%
2029	13.9%	37.8%
2030	13.6%	37.4%
2031	13.4%	37%
2032	13.2%	36.8%
2033	13%	36.5%
2034	12.8%	36.3%
2035	12.7%	36.1%
2036	12.6%	35.8%
2037	12.6%	35.6%
2038	12.5%	35.3%
2039	12.4%	35.1%
2040	12.4%	34.8%
2041	12.3%	34.6%
2042	12.3%	34.3%
2043	12.2%	34.1%
2044	12.2%	33.8%
2045	12.1%	33.5%
2046	12.1%	33.2%
2047	12%	32.9%
2048	12%	32.6%
2049	11.9%	32.2%
2050	11.8%	31.9%

Children aged 0-14 make up 15.3% of the population in Cuba and 40.9% in Zimbabwe in 2024, compared to 22.8% and 47.1% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Cuba and Zimbabwe compared.

Natural population change in Cuba vs Zimbabwe by year

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change (excluding migration) has been -0.06% in Cuba and +2.34% in Zimbabwe. The chart below illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes resulting from births and deaths.

Table

Year	Population change due to births and deaths
	Cuba	Zimbabwe
1960	172,816	126,959
1961	183,806	131,531
1962	196,423	136,317
1963	205,788	140,984
1964	209,315	145,848
1965	211,322	151,164
1966	209,179	156,014
1967	207,245	161,205
1968	205,487	166,865
1969	205,581	172,626
1970	201,823	178,979
1971	195,106	185,427
1972	187,588	193,725
1973	177,387	201,885
1974	165,099	208,806
1975	144,964	216,947
1976	125,383	221,419
1977	106,875	225,139
1978	86,864	222,979
1979	81,192	223,657
1980	74,271	241,179
1981	74,067	271,361
1982	95,866	279,934
1983	101,858	286,545
1984	101,670	290,052
1985	103,228	290,756
1986	105,997	289,894
1987	109,617	286,766
1988	116,626	277,498
1989	114,865	270,838
1990	112,378	265,444
1991	95,398	260,943
1992	83,461	255,291
1993	73,221	228,045
1994	68,604	216,343
1995	66,809	206,695
1996	61,837	205,269
1997	71,828	216,288
1998	71,284	225,614
1999	69,069	232,393
2000	61,133	236,343
2001	57,325	227,909
2002	58,212	244,170
2003	56,170	243,057
2004	44,258	248,307
2005	36,660	248,545
2006	24,508	248,963
2007	24,617	261,805
2008	32,848	280,527
2009	37,543	309,316
2010	37,021	335,570
2011	40,753	359,572
2012	33,864	371,135
2013	29,827	374,757
2014	22,448	366,350
2015	20,464	356,203
2016	9,677	348,772
2017	2,306	344,035
2018	3,436	345,883
2019	-4,245	348,798
2020	-12,808	354,790
2021	-71,616	349,908
2022	-17,961	371,243
2023	-15,880	372,505

Maternal mortality chart: Cuba vs Zimbabwe

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 35 deaths per 100,000 live births in Cuba, compared to 358 deaths in Zimbabwe.

Table

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Cuba	Zimbabwe
1985	70	573
1986	70	525
1987	69	480
1988	68	431
1989	66	382
1990	66	353
1991	66	332
1992	66	333
1993	65	331
1994	64	332
1995	62	332
1996	59	352
1997	57	357
1998	54	368
1999	51	399
2000	48	405
2001	46	467
2002	45	418
2003	44	455
2004	44	451
2005	43	454
2006	42	480
2007	42	519
2008	44	526
2009	45	540
2010	44	567
2011	44	564
2012	42	558
2013	42	525
2014	42	468
2015	41	428
2016	40	411
2017	39	389
2018	39	386
2019	40	388
2020	40	380
2021	172	446
2022	41	368
2023	35	358

Under-five mortality rates

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 0.83% in Cuba and 4.42% in Zimbabwe. Below is the historical data on under-five mortality rates.

Table

Year	Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
	Cuba	Zimbabwe
1960	4.41%	15.2%
1961	4.44%	14.8%
1962	4.45%	14.4%
1963	4.45%	14%
1964	4.43%	13.5%
1965	4.38%	13.1%
1966	4.31%	12.7%
1967	4.22%	12.4%
1968	4.11%	12.1%
1969	3.97%	11.8%
1970	3.82%	11.7%
1971	3.65%	11.5%
1972	3.47%	11.5%
1973	3.29%	11.4%
1974	3.11%	11.4%
1975	2.94%	11.4%
1976	2.77%	11.5%
1977	2.62%	11.5%
1978	2.47%	11.5%
1979	2.34%	11.3%
1980	2.22%	11.1%
1981	2.11%	10.7%
1982	2%	10.1%
1983	1.9%	9.5%
1984	1.81%	8.87%
1985	1.73%	8.31%
1986	1.64%	7.86%
1987	1.56%	7.61%
1988	1.49%	7.55%
1989	1.41%	7.69%
1990	1.34%	7.97%
1991	1.28%	8.33%
1992	1.22%	8.73%
1993	1.16%	9.16%
1994	1.11%	9.52%
1995	1.06%	9.83%
1996	1.01%	10%
1997	0.97%	10.1%
1998	0.93%	10%
1999	0.89%	9.92%
2000	0.86%	9.83%
2001	0.82%	9.79%
2002	0.79%	8.48%
2003	0.76%	8.85%
2004	0.73%	9.17%
2005	0.71%	9.23%
2006	0.69%	9.4%
2007	0.66%	9.47%
2008	0.65%	9.34%
2009	0.63%	9.03%
2010	0.62%	8.5%
2011	0.61%	7.88%
2012	0.6%	7.14%
2013	0.6%	6.55%
2014	0.6%	6.18%
2015	0.61%	5.98%
2016	0.62%	5.69%
2017	0.64%	5.5%
2018	0.66%	5.23%
2019	0.69%	5.11%
2020	0.72%	5.01%
2021	0.76%	4.76%
2022	0.79%	4.6%
2023	0.83%	4.42%