Fertility & birth rates in Cuba and North Macedonia

Fertility rate in Cuba vs North Macedonia by year

Chart Table

Cuba

North Macedonia

1x

Year	Fertility rate
	Cuba	North Macedonia
2023	1.44	1.5
2022	1.41	1.6
2021	1.43	1.6
2020	1.49	1.31
2019	1.54	1.34
2018	1.61	1.42
2017	1.59	1.43
2016	1.6	1.5
2015	1.69	1.49
2014	1.66	1.5
2013	1.68	1.5
2012	1.67	1.5
2011	1.73	1.46
2010	1.67	1.6
2009	1.68	1.5
2008	1.58	1.47
2007	1.44	1.46
2006	1.4	1.46
2005	1.49	1.5
2004	1.55	1.52
2003	1.63	1.75
2002	1.65	1.79
2001	1.6	1.73
2000	1.61	1.86
1999	1.64	1.77
1998	1.62	1.89
1997	1.59	1.92
1996	1.46	2.06
1995	1.48	2.13
1994	1.47	2.23
1993	1.49	2.26
1992	1.56	2.28
1991	1.66	2.31
1990	1.81	2.27
1989	1.83	2.25
1988	1.85	2.32
1987	1.8	2.32
1986	1.78	2.25
1985	1.77	2.25
1984	1.77	2.24
1983	1.8	2.25
1982	1.78	2.29
1981	1.59	2.29
1980	1.64	2.36
1979	1.77	2.4
1978	1.88	2.42
1977	2.21	2.49
1976	2.51	2.62
1975	2.82	2.69
1974	3.16	2.7
1973	3.4	2.72
1972	3.61	2.87
1971	3.8	2.93
1970	3.98	3.01
1969	4.12	3.1
1968	4.19	3.22
1967	4.29	3.33
1966	4.4	3.43
1965	4.5	3.52
1964	4.53	3.56
1963	4.56	3.62
1962	4.42	3.5
1961	4.26	3.62
1960	4.13	3.83

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Cuba was 1.44 children per woman in 2023, compared to 1.5 in North Macedonia in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Cuba vs North Macedonia population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

Natural population change by year

Chart Table

Cuba

North Macedonia

1x

Year	Natural population change
	Cuba	North Macedonia
2023	-15,880	-3,290
2022	-17,961	-4,397
2021	-71,616	-9,737
2020	-12,808	-5,939
2019	-4,245	-375
2018	3,436	1,512
2017	2,306	1,329
2016	9,677	2,374
2015	20,464	2,294
2014	22,448	3,644
2013	29,827	3,653
2012	33,864	3,087
2011	40,753	3,100
2010	37,021	4,866
2009	37,543	4,309
2008	32,848	3,746
2007	24,617	2,974
2006	24,508	3,988
2005	36,660	4,011
2004	44,258	5,444
2003	56,170	8,900
2002	58,212	9,697
2001	57,325	10,174
2000	61,133	12,159
1999	69,069	10,489
1998	71,284	12,446
1997	71,828	12,979
1996	61,837	14,806
1995	66,809	17,239
1994	68,604	19,103
1993	73,221	20,797
1992	83,461	21,659
1991	95,398	23,387
1990	112,378	22,868
1989	114,865	22,912
1988	116,626	24,064
1987	109,617	24,359
1986	105,997	23,720
1985	103,228	24,167
1984	101,670	24,436
1983	101,858	24,690
1982	95,866	25,810
1981	74,067	25,689
1980	74,271	26,547
1979	81,192	27,096
1978	86,864	27,150
1977	106,875	27,410
1976	125,383	28,799
1975	144,964	28,983
1974	165,099	28,400
1973	177,387	28,032
1972	187,588	28,236
1971	195,106	28,010
1970	201,823	28,022
1969	205,581	27,464
1968	205,487	28,378
1967	207,245	28,401
1966	209,179	28,766
1965	211,322	28,564
1964	209,315	27,889
1963	205,788	28,124
1962	196,423	25,317
1961	183,806	27,846
1960	172,816	28,816

The chart above illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes in population resulting from births and deaths.

Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was -0.14% in Cuba and -0.18% in North Macedonia.

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change has been -0.06% in Cuba and -0.07% in North Macedonia.

Birth rate in Cuba vs North Macedonia by year

Chart Table

Cuba

North Macedonia

Annual births per 1,000 people

1x

Year	Annual births per 1,000 people
	Cuba	North Macedonia
2023	8.71	9.2
2022	8.66	9.9
2021	8.81	10.2
2020	9.26	9.2
2019	9.67	9.6
2018	10.2	10.3
2017	10.1	10.5
2016	10.3	11.1
2015	10.9	11.1
2014	10.9	11.4
2013	11.2	11.2
2012	11.2	11.4
2011	11.8	11.1
2010	11.4	11.8
2009	11.5	11.5
2008	10.9	11.2
2007	10	11.1
2006	9.87	11.1
2005	10.6	11
2004	11.3	11.5
2003	12.1	13.3
2002	12.5	13.7
2001	12.4	13.3
2000	12.9	14.5
1999	13.5	13.5
1998	13.7	14.6
1997	13.8	14.8
1996	13	16.1
1995	13.5	16.7
1994	13.7	17.7
1993	14.1	18.2
1992	15	18.4
1991	16.1	18.7
1990	17.6	18.4
1989	17.8	18.4
1988	18	19.1
1987	17.3	19.3
1986	17	18.9
1985	16.7	19.1
1984	16.5	19.2
1983	16.5	19.5
1982	15.9	19.9
1981	13.9	20.1
1980	13.9	20.8
1979	14.6	21.1
1978	15.1	21.3
1977	17.3	21.9
1976	19.4	23
1975	21.6	23.6
1974	24.1	23.5
1973	25.8	23.5
1972	27.2	24.5
1971	28.5	24.7
1970	29.9	25.1
1969	31	25.4
1968	31.6	26.1
1967	32.5	26.7
1966	33.4	27.5
1965	34.4	28.1
1964	34.9	28.4
1963	35.4	29
1962	34.6	28.3
1961	33.7	29.2
1960	32.8	31

The latest reported birth rate per 1,000 people in 2023 was 8.71 in Cuba and 9.2 in North Macedonia, compared with 32.8 and 31, respectively, in 1960.

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Chart Table

Cuba

Factual

UN forecast

North Macedonia

Factual

UN forecast

1x

Year	Young
	Cuba	North Macedonia
2100	10.9%	10.6%
2099	10.9%	10.7%
2098	10.9%	10.7%
2097	10.9%	10.8%
2096	10.9%	10.8%
2095	10.9%	10.9%
2094	10.9%	11%
2093	10.9%	11%
2092	10.9%	11.1%
2091	10.9%	11.2%
2090	11%	11.2%
2089	11%	11.3%
2088	11%	11.3%
2087	11%	11.4%
2086	11%	11.4%
2085	11%	11.4%
2084	11%	11.4%
2083	11%	11.4%
2082	11.1%	11.4%
2081	11.1%	11.4%
2080	11.1%	11.4%
2079	11.1%	11.3%
2078	11.1%	11.3%
2077	11.1%	11.3%
2076	11.1%	11.2%
2075	11.1%	11.2%
2074	11.1%	11.2%
2073	11.1%	11.2%
2072	11.1%	11.1%
2071	11.2%	11.2%
2070	11.2%	11.2%
2069	11.2%	11.2%
2068	11.2%	11.3%
2067	11.2%	11.4%
2066	11.2%	11.5%
2065	11.2%	11.6%
2064	11.2%	11.7%
2063	11.3%	11.9%
2062	11.3%	12%
2061	11.3%	12.2%
2060	11.3%	12.3%
2059	11.4%	12.4%
2058	11.4%	12.6%
2057	11.5%	12.7%
2056	11.5%	12.8%
2055	11.5%	12.9%
2054	11.6%	13%
2053	11.7%	13%
2052	11.7%	13.1%
2051	11.8%	13.1%
2050	11.9%	13.1%
2049	11.9%	13.1%
2048	12%	13.1%
2047	12%	13%
2046	12.1%	13%
2045	12.2%	13%
2044	12.2%	13%
2043	12.3%	12.9%
2042	12.3%	12.9%
2041	12.4%	12.9%
2040	12.4%	13%
2039	12.5%	13%
2038	12.5%	13%
2037	12.6%	13.2%
2036	12.6%	13.4%
2035	12.7%	13.6%
2034	12.9%	13.8%
2033	13.1%	14.1%
2032	13.3%	14.4%
2031	13.5%	14.7%
2030	13.8%	15.1%
2029	14%	15.4%
2028	14.3%	15.8%
2027	14.6%	16.1%
2026	14.9%	16.4%
2025	15.2%	16.7%
2024	15.3%	16.8%
2023	15.5%	17.1%
2022	15.7%	17.2%
2021	15.8%	17.2%
2020	15.8%	17.2%
2019	16%	17.2%
2018	16.1%	17.4%
2017	16.3%	17.5%
2016	16.5%	17.8%
2015	16.7%	18%
2014	16.9%	18.3%
2013	17.1%	18.6%
2012	17.3%	18.8%
2011	17.5%	19%
2010	17.7%	19.3%
2009	17.9%	19.7%
2008	18.2%	20%
2007	18.5%	20.4%
2006	18.9%	20.8%
2005	19.4%	21.2%
2004	19.8%	21.7%
2003	20.2%	22.1%
2002	20.6%	22.5%
2001	20.9%	22.9%
2000	21.3%	23.4%
1999	21.5%	23.9%
1998	21.8%	24.4%
1997	22%	24.8%
1996	22.1%	25.1%
1995	22.1%	25.4%
1994	22.1%	25.5%
1993	22.2%	25.7%
1992	22.4%	26.1%
1991	22.5%	26.5%
1990	22.8%	26.9%
1989	23.1%	27.1%
1988	23.6%	27.4%
1987	24.3%	27.6%
1986	25.2%	27.8%
1985	26.1%	28.1%
1984	27.1%	28.3%
1983	28.1%	28.5%
1982	29.3%	28.8%
1981	30.5%	29.1%
1980	31.9%	29.5%
1979	33.2%	29.9%
1978	34.3%	30.3%
1977	35.4%	30.6%
1976	36.2%	30.9%
1975	36.8%	31.3%
1974	37.3%	31.7%
1973	37.6%	32.2%
1972	37.8%	32.6%
1971	37.9%	33%
1970	38%	33.5%
1969	37.9%	34.1%
1968	37.8%	34.7%
1967	37.7%	35.2%
1966	37.5%	35.8%
1965	37.3%	36.3%
1964	37.1%	36.7%
1963	36.8%	37.2%
1962	36.5%	37.6%
1961	36.2%	37.8%
1960	36%	37.7%

Children aged 0-14 make up 15.3% of the population in Cuba and 16.8% in North Macedonia in 2024, compared to 22.8% and 26.9% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Cuba and North Macedonia compared.

Maternal mortality chart: Cuba vs North Macedonia

Chart Table

Cuba

North Macedonia

1x

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Cuba	North Macedonia
2023	35	3
2022	41	3
2021	172	12
2020	40	7
2019	40	3
2018	39	3
2017	39	4
2016	40	4
2015	41	4
2014	42	4
2013	42	5
2012	42	5
2011	44	5
2010	44	5
2009	45	6
2008	44	6
2007	42	7
2006	42	7
2005	43	7
2004	44	8
2003	44	8
2002	45	10
2001	46	9
2000	48	11
1999	51	12
1998	54	13
1997	57	13
1996	59	14
1995	62	13
1994	64	13
1993	65	14
1992	66	14
1991	66	15
1990	66	16
1989	66	14
1988	68	16
1987	69	15
1986	70	16
1985	70	17

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 35 deaths per 100,000 live births in Cuba, compared to 3 deaths in North Macedonia.

Under-five mortality rates

Chart Table

Cuba

North Macedonia

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

1x

Year	Under 5 mortality rate
	Cuba	North Macedonia
2023	0.83%	0.33%
2022	0.79%	0.41%
2021	0.76%	0.5%
2020	0.72%	0.59%
2019	0.69%	0.7%
2018	0.66%	0.83%
2017	0.64%	0.97%
2016	0.62%	1.08%
2015	0.61%	1.13%
2014	0.6%	1.11%
2013	0.6%	1.07%
2012	0.6%	1.02%
2011	0.61%	1%
2010	0.62%	1.04%
2009	0.63%	1.1%
2008	0.65%	1.17%
2007	0.66%	1.23%
2006	0.69%	1.3%
2005	0.71%	1.37%
2004	0.73%	1.42%
2003	0.76%	1.43%
2002	0.79%	1.43%
2001	0.82%	1.48%
2000	0.86%	1.59%
1999	0.89%	1.73%
1998	0.93%	1.83%
1997	0.97%	1.93%
1996	1.01%	2.12%
1995	1.06%	2.45%
1994	1.11%	2.85%
1993	1.16%	3.13%
1992	1.22%	3.3%
1991	1.28%	3.46%
1990	1.34%	3.7%
1989	1.41%	4.01%
1988	1.49%	4.36%
1987	1.56%	4.69%
1986	1.64%	4.91%
1985	1.73%	5%
1984	1.81%	5.06%
1983	1.9%	5.25%
1982	2%	5.53%
1981	2.11%	5.79%
1980	2.22%	-
1979	2.34%	-
1978	2.47%	-
1977	2.62%	-
1976	2.77%	-
1975	2.94%	-
1974	3.11%	-
1973	3.29%	-
1972	3.47%	-
1971	3.65%	-
1970	3.82%	-
1969	3.97%	-
1968	4.11%	-
1967	4.22%	-
1966	4.31%	-
1965	4.38%	-
1964	4.43%	-
1963	4.45%	-
1962	4.45%	-
1961	4.44%	-
1960	4.41%	-

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 0.83% in Cuba and 0.33% in North Macedonia. Above is a chart with historical data on under-five mortality rates.