Fertility & birth rates in Canada and Cuba

Fertility rate in Canada vs Cuba by year

Chart Table

Canada

Cuba

1x

Year	Fertility rate
	Canada	Cuba
2023	1.26	1.44
2022	1.33	1.41
2021	1.44	1.43
2020	1.41	1.49
2019	1.47	1.54
2018	1.51	1.61
2017	1.55	1.59
2016	1.59	1.6
2015	1.6	1.69
2014	1.61	1.66
2013	1.61	1.68
2012	1.63	1.67
2011	1.63	1.73
2010	1.65	1.67
2009	1.69	1.68
2008	1.7	1.58
2007	1.67	1.44
2006	1.63	1.4
2005	1.58	1.49
2004	1.56	1.55
2003	1.55	1.63
2002	1.52	1.65
2001	1.54	1.6
2000	1.51	1.61
1999	1.55	1.64
1998	1.56	1.62
1997	1.57	1.59
1996	1.63	1.46
1995	1.67	1.48
1994	1.69	1.47
1993	1.69	1.49
1992	1.71	1.56
1991	1.72	1.66
1990	1.83	1.81
1989	1.77	1.83
1988	1.68	1.85
1987	1.68	1.8
1986	1.68	1.78
1985	1.67	1.77
1984	1.65	1.77
1983	1.68	1.8
1982	1.69	1.78
1981	1.7	1.59
1980	1.74	1.64
1979	1.75	1.77
1978	1.77	1.88
1977	1.78	2.21
1976	1.8	2.51
1975	1.82	2.82
1974	1.84	3.16
1973	1.89	3.4
1972	1.98	3.61
1971	2.14	3.8
1970	2.26	3.98
1969	2.33	4.12
1968	2.39	4.19
1967	2.53	4.29
1966	2.75	4.4
1965	3.12	4.5
1964	3.46	4.53
1963	3.61	4.56
1962	3.68	4.42
1961	3.75	4.26
1960	3.81	4.13

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Canada was 1.26 children per woman in 2023, compared to 1.44 in Cuba in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Canada vs Cuba population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

Natural population change by year

Chart Table

Canada

Cuba

1x

Year	Natural population change
	Canada	Cuba
2023	28,058	-15,880
2022	15,574	-17,961
2021	57,360	-71,616
2020	53,241	-12,808
2019	86,523	-4,245
2018	88,974	3,436
2017	98,672	2,306
2016	115,555	9,677
2015	117,825	20,464
2014	127,563	22,448
2013	129,799	29,827
2012	135,382	33,864
2011	133,923	40,753
2010	139,425	37,021
2009	144,609	37,543
2008	142,963	32,848
2007	134,845	24,617
2006	130,285	24,508
2005	116,074	36,660
2004	111,786	44,258
2003	110,749	56,170
2002	106,621	58,212
2001	114,777	57,325
2000	110,469	61,133
1999	118,565	69,069
1998	126,651	71,284
1997	134,577	71,828
1996	153,973	61,837
1995	167,023	66,809
1994	179,804	68,604
1993	186,451	73,221
1992	204,273	83,461
1991	207,477	95,398
1990	213,222	112,378
1989	207,304	114,865
1988	192,901	116,626
1987	190,416	109,617
1986	190,532	105,997
1985	204,153	103,228
1984	204,856	101,670
1983	202,931	101,858
1982	200,935	95,866
1981	206,005	74,067
1980	203,480	74,271
1979	203,293	81,192
1978	194,102	86,864
1977	199,297	106,875
1976	196,979	125,383
1975	196,718	144,964
1974	182,464	165,099
1973	184,432	177,387
1972	188,857	187,588
1971	208,640	195,106
1970	215,372	201,823
1969	216,588	205,581
1968	211,589	205,487
1967	220,450	207,245
1966	236,566	209,179
1965	269,589	211,322
1964	307,268	209,315
1963	318,595	205,788
1962	325,745	196,423
1961	334,360	183,806
1960	338,487	172,816

The chart above illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes in population resulting from births and deaths.

Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was +0.07% in Canada and -0.14% in Cuba.

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change has been +0.22% in Canada and -0.06% in Cuba.

Birth rate in Canada vs Cuba by year

Chart Table

Canada

Cuba

Annual births per 1,000 people

1x

Year	Annual births per 1,000 people
	Canada	Cuba
2023	8.8	8.71
2022	9	8.66
2021	9.7	8.81
2020	9.5	9.26
2019	9.9	9.67
2018	10.1	10.2
2017	10.3	10.1
2016	10.6	10.3
2015	10.7	10.9
2014	10.9	10.9
2013	10.9	11.2
2012	11	11.2
2011	11	11.8
2010	11.2	11.4
2009	11.4	11.5
2008	11.5	10.9
2007	11.3	10
2006	11	9.87
2005	10.7	10.6
2004	10.6	11.3
2003	10.6	12.1
2002	10.5	12.5
2001	10.8	12.4
2000	10.7	12.9
1999	11.1	13.5
1998	11.4	13.7
1997	11.7	13.8
1996	12.4	13
1995	12.9	13.5
1994	13.3	13.7
1993	13.6	14.1
1992	14.1	15
1991	14.4	16.1
1990	15	17.6
1989	14.9	17.8
1988	14.5	18
1987	14.4	17.3
1986	14.5	17
1985	14.9	16.7
1984	15	16.5
1983	15	16.5
1982	15.1	15.9
1981	15.3	13.9
1980	15.4	13.9
1979	15.4	14.6
1978	15.2	15.1
1977	15.5	17.3
1976	15.6	19.4
1975	15.8	21.6
1974	15.4	24.1
1973	15.6	25.8
1972	15.9	27.2
1971	16.8	28.5
1970	17.4	29.9
1969	17.6	31
1968	17.6	31.6
1967	18.2	32.5
1966	19.3	33.4
1965	21.3	34.4
1964	23.4	34.9
1963	24.6	35.4
1962	25.2	34.6
1961	26	33.7
1960	26.7	32.8

The latest reported birth rate per 1,000 people in 2023 was 8.8 in Canada and 8.71 in Cuba, compared with 26.7 and 32.8, respectively, in 1960.

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Chart Table

Canada

Factual

UN forecast

Cuba

Factual

UN forecast

1x

Year	Young
	Canada	Cuba
2100	13.4%	10.9%
2099	13.4%	10.9%
2098	13.4%	10.9%
2097	13.4%	10.9%
2096	13.3%	10.9%
2095	13.3%	10.9%
2094	13.3%	10.9%
2093	13.3%	10.9%
2092	13.3%	10.9%
2091	13.3%	10.9%
2090	13.3%	11%
2089	13.3%	11%
2088	13.3%	11%
2087	13.3%	11%
2086	13.3%	11%
2085	13.3%	11%
2084	13.3%	11%
2083	13.3%	11%
2082	13.3%	11.1%
2081	13.3%	11.1%
2080	13.3%	11.1%
2079	13.3%	11.1%
2078	13.3%	11.1%
2077	13.3%	11.1%
2076	13.2%	11.1%
2075	13.2%	11.1%
2074	13.2%	11.1%
2073	13.2%	11.1%
2072	13.2%	11.1%
2071	13.2%	11.2%
2070	13.2%	11.2%
2069	13.2%	11.2%
2068	13.3%	11.2%
2067	13.3%	11.2%
2066	13.3%	11.2%
2065	13.3%	11.2%
2064	13.3%	11.2%
2063	13.3%	11.3%
2062	13.3%	11.3%
2061	13.3%	11.3%
2060	13.3%	11.3%
2059	13.3%	11.4%
2058	13.4%	11.4%
2057	13.4%	11.5%
2056	13.4%	11.5%
2055	13.4%	11.5%
2054	13.4%	11.6%
2053	13.4%	11.7%
2052	13.4%	11.7%
2051	13.5%	11.8%
2050	13.5%	11.9%
2049	13.5%	11.9%
2048	13.5%	12%
2047	13.5%	12%
2046	13.5%	12.1%
2045	13.5%	12.2%
2044	13.6%	12.2%
2043	13.6%	12.3%
2042	13.6%	12.3%
2041	13.6%	12.4%
2040	13.7%	12.4%
2039	13.7%	12.5%
2038	13.8%	12.5%
2037	13.8%	12.6%
2036	13.9%	12.6%
2035	14%	12.7%
2034	14%	12.9%
2033	14.1%	13.1%
2032	14.2%	13.3%
2031	14.3%	13.5%
2030	14.4%	13.8%
2029	14.5%	14%
2028	14.7%	14.3%
2027	14.8%	14.6%
2026	14.9%	14.9%
2025	15%	15.2%
2024	15.1%	15.3%
2023	15.3%	15.5%
2022	15.5%	15.7%
2021	15.7%	15.8%
2020	15.9%	15.8%
2019	16%	16%
2018	16.1%	16.1%
2017	16.2%	16.3%
2016	16.2%	16.5%
2015	16.2%	16.7%
2014	16.2%	16.9%
2013	16.3%	17.1%
2012	16.3%	17.3%
2011	16.4%	17.5%
2010	16.6%	17.7%
2009	16.7%	17.9%
2008	16.9%	18.2%
2007	17.1%	18.5%
2006	17.4%	18.9%
2005	17.7%	19.4%
2004	18%	19.8%
2003	18.3%	20.2%
2002	18.6%	20.6%
2001	18.9%	20.9%
2000	19.2%	21.3%
1999	19.5%	21.5%
1998	19.8%	21.8%
1997	20%	22%
1996	20.2%	22.1%
1995	20.4%	22.1%
1994	20.6%	22.1%
1993	20.7%	22.2%
1992	20.7%	22.4%
1991	20.7%	22.5%
1990	20.7%	22.8%
1989	20.8%	23.1%
1988	20.8%	23.6%
1987	20.9%	24.3%
1986	21.1%	25.2%
1985	21.3%	26.1%
1984	21.6%	27.1%
1983	21.8%	28.1%
1982	22%	29.3%
1981	22.3%	30.5%
1980	22.8%	31.9%
1979	23.4%	33.2%
1978	24%	34.3%
1977	24.7%	35.4%
1976	25.5%	36.2%
1975	26.2%	36.8%
1974	27%	37.3%
1973	27.8%	37.6%
1972	28.6%	37.8%
1971	29.3%	37.9%
1970	30.2%	38%
1969	31%	37.9%
1968	31.6%	37.8%
1967	32.3%	37.7%
1966	32.9%	37.5%
1965	33.3%	37.3%
1964	33.7%	37.1%
1963	33.9%	36.8%
1962	33.9%	36.5%
1961	33.9%	36.2%
1960	33.8%	36%

Children aged 0-14 make up 15.1% of the population in Canada and 15.3% in Cuba in 2024, compared to 20.7% and 22.8% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Canada and Cuba compared.

Maternal mortality chart: Canada vs Cuba

Chart Table

Canada

Cuba

1x

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Canada	Cuba
2023	12	35
2022	15	41
2021	14	172
2020	17	40
2019	12	40
2018	13	39
2017	12	39
2016	12	40
2015	11	41
2014	12	42
2013	11	42
2012	11	42
2011	11	44
2010	11	44
2009	12	45
2008	12	44
2007	11	42
2006	11	42
2005	11	43
2004	10	44
2003	10	44
2002	10	45
2001	10	46
2000	9	48
1999	9	51
1998	9	54
1997	8	57
1996	9	59
1995	8	62
1994	8	64
1993	8	65
1992	8	66
1991	8	66
1990	7	66
1989	8	66
1988	7	68
1987	7	69
1986	7	70
1985	7	70

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 12 deaths per 100,000 live births in Canada, compared to 35 deaths in Cuba.

Under-five mortality rates

Chart Table

Canada

Cuba

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

1x

Year	Under 5 mortality rate
	Canada	Cuba
2023	0.51%	0.83%
2022	0.51%	0.79%
2021	0.51%	0.76%
2020	0.51%	0.72%
2019	0.51%	0.69%
2018	0.52%	0.66%
2017	0.52%	0.64%
2016	0.53%	0.62%
2015	0.54%	0.61%
2014	0.54%	0.6%
2013	0.55%	0.6%
2012	0.56%	0.6%
2011	0.56%	0.61%
2010	0.57%	0.62%
2009	0.58%	0.63%
2008	0.59%	0.65%
2007	0.6%	0.66%
2006	0.6%	0.69%
2005	0.61%	0.71%
2004	0.61%	0.73%
2003	0.62%	0.76%
2002	0.62%	0.79%
2001	0.62%	0.82%
2000	0.62%	0.86%
1999	0.63%	0.89%
1998	0.64%	0.93%
1997	0.65%	0.97%
1996	0.67%	1.01%
1995	0.69%	1.06%
1994	0.72%	1.11%
1993	0.74%	1.16%
1992	0.77%	1.22%
1991	0.8%	1.28%
1990	0.82%	1.34%
1989	0.85%	1.41%
1988	0.88%	1.49%
1987	0.91%	1.56%
1986	0.94%	1.64%
1985	0.98%	1.73%
1984	1.01%	1.81%
1983	1.06%	1.9%
1982	1.12%	2%
1981	1.18%	2.11%
1980	1.25%	2.22%
1979	1.33%	2.34%
1978	1.42%	2.47%
1977	1.51%	2.62%
1976	1.6%	2.77%
1975	1.7%	2.94%
1974	1.79%	3.11%
1973	1.89%	3.29%
1972	1.99%	3.47%
1971	2.09%	3.65%
1970	2.19%	3.82%
1969	2.3%	3.97%
1968	2.4%	4.11%
1967	2.5%	4.22%
1966	2.6%	4.31%
1965	2.71%	4.38%
1964	2.82%	4.43%
1963	2.94%	4.45%
1962	3.05%	4.45%
1961	3.15%	4.44%
1960	3.26%	4.41%

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 0.51% in Canada and 0.83% in Cuba. Above is a chart with historical data on under-five mortality rates.