Fertility & birth rates in Botswana and Cuba

Fertility rate in Botswana vs Cuba chart

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Botswana was 2.73 children per woman in 2023, compared to 1.44 in Cuba in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Botswana vs Cuba population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart below showcases historical changes in the birth rates.

Table

Year	Fertility rate
	Botswana	Cuba
1960	6.6	4.13
1961	6.56	4.26
1962	6.54	4.42
1963	6.58	4.56
1964	6.61	4.53
1965	6.6	4.5
1966	6.61	4.4
1967	6.6	4.29
1968	6.58	4.19
1969	6.56	4.12
1970	6.55	3.98
1971	6.54	3.8
1972	6.56	3.61
1973	6.59	3.4
1974	6.61	3.16
1975	6.61	2.82
1976	6.6	2.51
1977	6.54	2.21
1978	6.48	1.88
1979	6.4	1.77
1980	6.29	1.64
1981	6.16	1.59
1982	5.97	1.78
1983	5.79	1.8
1984	5.63	1.77
1985	5.48	1.77
1986	5.33	1.78
1987	5.1	1.8
1988	4.88	1.85
1989	4.67	1.83
1990	4.51	1.81
1991	4.37	1.66
1992	4.26	1.56
1993	4.15	1.49
1994	4.02	1.47
1995	3.79	1.48
1996	3.57	1.46
1997	3.43	1.59
1998	3.36	1.62
1999	3.31	1.64
2000	3.29	1.61
2001	3.25	1.6
2002	3.18	1.65
2003	3.11	1.63
2004	3.06	1.55
2005	3.08	1.49
2006	3.11	1.4
2007	3.13	1.44
2008	3.13	1.58
2009	3.13	1.68
2010	3.14	1.67
2011	3.1	1.73
2012	3.07	1.67
2013	3.05	1.68
2014	3.03	1.66
2015	3.01	1.69
2016	2.99	1.6
2017	2.97	1.59
2018	2.94	1.61
2019	2.91	1.54
2020	2.86	1.49
2021	2.83	1.43
2022	2.79	1.41
2023	2.73	1.44
2024	2.7	1.45
2025	2.66	1.45
2026	2.63	1.45
2027	2.59	1.46
2028	2.56	1.46
2029	2.52	1.46
2030	2.49	1.47
2031	2.46	1.47
2032	2.44	1.47
2033	2.41	1.48
2034	2.38	1.48
2035	2.35	1.49
2036	2.32	1.49
2037	2.3	1.49
2038	2.28	1.49
2039	2.26	1.49
2040	2.23	1.49
2041	2.21	1.49
2042	2.2	1.5
2043	2.18	1.5
2044	2.17	1.5
2045	2.15	1.5
2046	2.14	1.51
2047	2.12	1.51
2048	2.11	1.51
2049	2.09	1.51
2050	2.08	1.51

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Table

Year	Share of people 0-14 years old
	Botswana	Cuba
1960	45.1%	36%
1961	45.6%	36.2%
1962	46.2%	36.5%
1963	46.8%	36.8%
1964	47.2%	37.1%
1965	47.5%	37.3%
1966	47.9%	37.5%
1967	48.2%	37.7%
1968	48.6%	37.8%
1969	48.9%	37.9%
1970	49.2%	38%
1971	49.3%	37.9%
1972	49.1%	37.8%
1973	48.6%	37.6%
1974	48.2%	37.3%
1975	47.7%	36.8%
1976	47.3%	36.2%
1977	47%	35.4%
1978	46.5%	34.3%
1979	46%	33.2%
1980	46.1%	31.9%
1981	46.2%	30.5%
1982	46.2%	29.3%
1983	46.2%	28.1%
1984	46.2%	27.1%
1985	46.2%	26.1%
1986	46.1%	25.2%
1987	46%	24.3%
1988	45.8%	23.6%
1989	45.5%	23.1%
1990	45.1%	22.8%
1991	44.7%	22.5%
1992	44.2%	22.4%
1993	43.7%	22.2%
1994	43%	22.1%
1995	42.2%	22.1%
1996	41.4%	22.1%
1997	40.6%	22%
1998	39.8%	21.8%
1999	39.1%	21.5%
2000	38.4%	21.3%
2001	37.7%	20.9%
2002	37.1%	20.6%
2003	36.5%	20.2%
2004	35.9%	19.8%
2005	35.5%	19.4%
2006	35.1%	18.9%
2007	34.8%	18.5%
2008	34.5%	18.2%
2009	34.2%	17.9%
2010	34.1%	17.7%
2011	34%	17.5%
2012	34.2%	17.3%
2013	34.4%	17.1%
2014	34.4%	16.9%
2015	34.4%	16.7%
2016	34.2%	16.5%
2017	33.9%	16.3%
2018	33.6%	16.1%
2019	33.3%	16%
2020	32.9%	15.8%
2021	32.6%	15.8%
2022	32.4%	15.7%
2023	32.3%	15.5%
2024	32.1%	15.3%
2025	32%	15%
2026	31.8%	14.7%
2027	31.6%	14.4%
2028	31.4%	14.1%
2029	31.2%	13.9%
2030	30.9%	13.6%
2031	30.6%	13.4%
2032	30.3%	13.2%
2033	30%	13%
2034	29.6%	12.8%
2035	29.2%	12.7%
2036	28.7%	12.6%
2037	28.1%	12.6%
2038	27.6%	12.5%
2039	27.2%	12.4%
2040	26.7%	12.4%
2041	26.3%	12.3%
2042	25.9%	12.3%
2043	25.5%	12.2%
2044	25.2%	12.2%
2045	24.8%	12.1%
2046	24.5%	12.1%
2047	24.2%	12%
2048	24%	12%
2049	23.7%	11.9%
2050	23.5%	11.8%

Children aged 0-14 make up 32.1% of the population in Botswana and 15.3% in Cuba in 2024, compared to 45.1% and 22.8% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Botswana and Cuba compared.

Natural population change in Botswana vs Cuba by year

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change (excluding migration) has been +1.88% in Botswana and -0.06% in Cuba. The chart below illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes resulting from births and deaths.

Table

Year	Population change due to births and deaths
	Botswana	Cuba
1960	15,861	172,816
1961	16,185	183,806
1962	16,507	196,423
1963	17,084	205,788
1964	17,634	209,315
1965	18,045	211,322
1966	18,250	209,179
1967	18,463	207,245
1968	18,725	205,487
1969	19,024	205,581
1970	19,438	201,823
1971	19,926	195,106
1972	21,004	187,588
1973	22,449	177,387
1974	24,160	165,099
1975	25,762	144,964
1976	27,497	125,383
1977	29,009	106,875
1978	30,596	86,864
1979	32,486	81,192
1980	33,934	74,271
1981	34,327	74,067
1982	34,859	95,866
1983	35,142	101,858
1984	35,530	101,670
1985	35,966	103,228
1986	36,203	105,997
1987	35,647	109,617
1988	34,564	116,626
1989	33,756	114,865
1990	33,015	112,378
1991	32,219	95,398
1992	31,995	83,461
1993	31,691	73,221
1994	30,664	68,604
1995	28,478	66,809
1996	26,847	61,837
1997	25,738	71,828
1998	25,397	71,284
1999	25,358	69,069
2000	25,850	61,133
2001	26,112	57,325
2002	26,163	58,212
2003	26,545	56,170
2004	27,481	44,258
2005	29,385	36,660
2006	31,340	24,508
2007	33,832	24,617
2008	35,433	32,848
2009	36,671	37,543
2010	38,101	37,021
2011	38,613	40,753
2012	39,202	33,864
2013	39,404	29,827
2014	40,046	22,448
2015	40,897	20,464
2016	41,993	9,677
2017	43,154	2,306
2018	44,171	3,436
2019	45,110	-4,245
2020	45,610	-12,808
2021	40,894	-71,616
2022	47,400	-17,961
2023	47,098	-15,880

Maternal mortality chart: Botswana vs Cuba

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 155 deaths per 100,000 live births in Botswana, compared to 35 deaths in Cuba.

Table

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Botswana	Cuba
1985	313	70
1986	304	70
1987	302	69
1988	319	68
1989	300	66
1990	296	66
1991	283	66
1992	263	66
1993	230	65
1994	182	64
1995	148	62
1996	130	59
1997	123	57
1998	126	54
1999	131	51
2000	136	48
2001	138	46
2002	140	45
2003	142	44
2004	151	44
2005	166	43
2006	204	42
2007	201	42
2008	199	44
2009	213	45
2010	228	44
2011	269	44
2012	288	42
2013	221	42
2014	212	42
2015	141	41
2016	72	40
2017	46	39
2018	99	39
2019	100	40
2020	98	40
2021	165	172
2022	120	41
2023	155	35

Under-five mortality rates

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 3.96% in Botswana and 0.83% in Cuba. Below is the historical data on under-five mortality rates.

Table

Year	Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
	Botswana	Cuba
1960	16.8%	4.41%
1961	16.3%	4.44%
1962	15.8%	4.45%
1963	15.3%	4.45%
1964	14.9%	4.43%
1965	14.5%	4.38%
1966	14%	4.31%
1967	13.6%	4.22%
1968	13.2%	4.11%
1969	12.8%	3.97%
1970	12.4%	3.82%
1971	11.9%	3.65%
1972	11.4%	3.47%
1973	10.9%	3.29%
1974	10.4%	3.11%
1975	9.88%	2.94%
1976	9.32%	2.77%
1977	8.77%	2.62%
1978	8.23%	2.47%
1979	7.74%	2.34%
1980	7.29%	2.22%
1981	6.86%	2.11%
1982	6.47%	2%
1983	6.12%	1.9%
1984	5.8%	1.81%
1985	5.5%	1.73%
1986	5.22%	1.64%
1987	5%	1.56%
1988	4.88%	1.49%
1989	4.87%	1.41%
1990	5.01%	1.34%
1991	5.29%	1.28%
1992	5.7%	1.22%
1993	6.2%	1.16%
1994	6.72%	1.11%
1995	6.74%	1.06%
1996	7.1%	1.01%
1997	7.37%	0.97%
1998	7.57%	0.93%
1999	7.91%	0.89%
2000	8.11%	0.86%
2001	8.12%	0.82%
2002	8%	0.79%
2003	7.85%	0.76%
2004	7.63%	0.73%
2005	7.03%	0.71%
2006	6.43%	0.69%
2007	6.16%	0.66%
2008	6.03%	0.65%
2009	5.78%	0.63%
2010	5.58%	0.62%
2011	5.68%	0.61%
2012	5.34%	0.6%
2013	5.1%	0.6%
2014	5.11%	0.6%
2015	4.98%	0.61%
2016	4.9%	0.62%
2017	4.65%	0.64%
2018	4.59%	0.66%
2019	4.5%	0.69%
2020	4.39%	0.72%
2021	4.2%	0.76%
2022	4.07%	0.79%
2023	3.96%	0.83%