Fertility & birth rates in Botswana and Cuba

Fertility rate in Botswana vs Cuba by year

Chart Table

Botswana

Cuba

1x

Year	Fertility rate
	Botswana	Cuba
2023	2.73	1.44
2022	2.79	1.41
2021	2.83	1.43
2020	2.86	1.49
2019	2.91	1.54
2018	2.94	1.61
2017	2.97	1.59
2016	2.99	1.6
2015	3.01	1.69
2014	3.03	1.66
2013	3.05	1.68
2012	3.07	1.67
2011	3.1	1.73
2010	3.14	1.67
2009	3.13	1.68
2008	3.13	1.58
2007	3.13	1.44
2006	3.11	1.4
2005	3.08	1.49
2004	3.06	1.55
2003	3.11	1.63
2002	3.18	1.65
2001	3.25	1.6
2000	3.29	1.61
1999	3.31	1.64
1998	3.36	1.62
1997	3.43	1.59
1996	3.57	1.46
1995	3.79	1.48
1994	4.02	1.47
1993	4.15	1.49
1992	4.26	1.56
1991	4.37	1.66
1990	4.51	1.81
1989	4.67	1.83
1988	4.88	1.85
1987	5.1	1.8
1986	5.33	1.78
1985	5.48	1.77
1984	5.63	1.77
1983	5.79	1.8
1982	5.97	1.78
1981	6.16	1.59
1980	6.29	1.64
1979	6.4	1.77
1978	6.48	1.88
1977	6.54	2.21
1976	6.6	2.51
1975	6.61	2.82
1974	6.61	3.16
1973	6.59	3.4
1972	6.56	3.61
1971	6.54	3.8
1970	6.55	3.98
1969	6.56	4.12
1968	6.58	4.19
1967	6.6	4.29
1966	6.61	4.4
1965	6.6	4.5
1964	6.61	4.53
1963	6.58	4.56
1962	6.54	4.42
1961	6.56	4.26
1960	6.6	4.13

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Botswana was 2.73 children per woman in 2023, compared to 1.44 in Cuba in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Botswana vs Cuba population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

Natural population change by year

Chart Table

Botswana

Cuba

1x

Year	Natural population change
	Botswana	Cuba
2023	47,098	-15,880
2022	47,400	-17,961
2021	40,894	-71,616
2020	45,610	-12,808
2019	45,110	-4,245
2018	44,171	3,436
2017	43,154	2,306
2016	41,993	9,677
2015	40,897	20,464
2014	40,046	22,448
2013	39,404	29,827
2012	39,202	33,864
2011	38,613	40,753
2010	38,101	37,021
2009	36,671	37,543
2008	35,433	32,848
2007	33,832	24,617
2006	31,340	24,508
2005	29,385	36,660
2004	27,481	44,258
2003	26,545	56,170
2002	26,163	58,212
2001	26,112	57,325
2000	25,850	61,133
1999	25,358	69,069
1998	25,397	71,284
1997	25,738	71,828
1996	26,847	61,837
1995	28,478	66,809
1994	30,664	68,604
1993	31,691	73,221
1992	31,995	83,461
1991	32,219	95,398
1990	33,015	112,378
1989	33,756	114,865
1988	34,564	116,626
1987	35,647	109,617
1986	36,203	105,997
1985	35,966	103,228
1984	35,530	101,670
1983	35,142	101,858
1982	34,859	95,866
1981	34,327	74,067
1980	33,934	74,271
1979	32,486	81,192
1978	30,596	86,864
1977	29,009	106,875
1976	27,497	125,383
1975	25,762	144,964
1974	24,160	165,099
1973	22,449	177,387
1972	21,004	187,588
1971	19,926	195,106
1970	19,438	201,823
1969	19,024	205,581
1968	18,725	205,487
1967	18,463	207,245
1966	18,250	209,179
1965	18,045	211,322
1964	17,634	209,315
1963	17,084	205,788
1962	16,507	196,423
1961	16,185	183,806
1960	15,861	172,816

The chart above illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes in population resulting from births and deaths.

Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was +1.9% in Botswana and -0.14% in Cuba.

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change has been +1.88% in Botswana and -0.06% in Cuba.

Birth rate in Botswana vs Cuba by year

Chart Table

Botswana

Cuba

Annual births per 1,000 people

1x

Year	Annual births per 1,000 people
	Botswana	Cuba
2023	24.7	8.71
2022	25.3	8.66
2021	25.4	8.81
2020	25.5	9.26
2019	25.8	9.67
2018	25.9	10.2
2017	26.1	10.1
2016	26.3	10.3
2015	26.5	10.9
2014	26.8	10.9
2013	27.2	11.2
2012	27.7	11.2
2011	28	11.8
2010	28.4	11.4
2009	28.4	11.5
2008	28.4	10.9
2007	28.3	10
2006	28.1	9.87
2005	27.7	10.6
2004	27.3	11.3
2003	27.4	12.1
2002	27.6	12.5
2001	27.9	12.4
2000	27.9	12.9
1999	27.7	13.5
1998	27.7	13.7
1997	27.9	13.8
1996	28.6	13
1995	29.9	13.5
1994	31.3	13.7
1993	31.9	14.1
1992	32.4	15
1991	32.8	16.1
1990	33.6	17.6
1989	34.5	17.8
1988	35.8	18
1987	37.2	17.3
1986	38.5	17
1985	39.4	16.7
1984	40.2	16.5
1983	41.2	16.5
1982	42.3	15.9
1981	43.4	13.9
1980	44.7	13.9
1979	44.7	14.6
1978	45.1	15.1
1977	45.8	17.3
1976	46.2	19.4
1975	46.2	21.6
1974	46.1	24.1
1973	45.7	25.8
1972	45.5	27.2
1971	45.5	28.5
1970	45.7	29.9
1969	45.5	31
1968	45.5	31.6
1967	45.5	32.5
1966	45.6	33.4
1965	45.8	34.4
1964	45.8	34.9
1963	45.9	35.4
1962	46	34.6
1961	46.6	33.7
1960	47.1	32.8

The latest reported birth rate per 1,000 people in 2023 was 24.7 in Botswana and 8.71 in Cuba, compared with 47.1 and 32.8, respectively, in 1960.

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Chart Table

Botswana

Factual

UN forecast

Cuba

Factual

UN forecast

1x

Year	Young
	Botswana	Cuba
2100	16.9%	10.9%
2099	16.9%	10.9%
2098	17%	10.9%
2097	17.1%	10.9%
2096	17.2%	10.9%
2095	17.3%	10.9%
2094	17.4%	10.9%
2093	17.5%	10.9%
2092	17.5%	10.9%
2091	17.6%	10.9%
2090	17.7%	11%
2089	17.8%	11%
2088	17.8%	11%
2087	17.9%	11%
2086	18%	11%
2085	18.1%	11%
2084	18.2%	11%
2083	18.2%	11%
2082	18.3%	11.1%
2081	18.4%	11.1%
2080	18.5%	11.1%
2079	18.6%	11.1%
2078	18.7%	11.1%
2077	18.9%	11.1%
2076	19%	11.1%
2075	19.1%	11.1%
2074	19.3%	11.1%
2073	19.4%	11.1%
2072	19.6%	11.1%
2071	19.8%	11.2%
2070	20%	11.2%
2069	20.2%	11.2%
2068	20.3%	11.2%
2067	20.5%	11.2%
2066	20.7%	11.2%
2065	20.9%	11.2%
2064	21.1%	11.2%
2063	21.3%	11.3%
2062	21.5%	11.3%
2061	21.7%	11.3%
2060	21.8%	11.3%
2059	22%	11.4%
2058	22.2%	11.4%
2057	22.4%	11.5%
2056	22.5%	11.5%
2055	22.7%	11.5%
2054	22.9%	11.6%
2053	23%	11.7%
2052	23.2%	11.7%
2051	23.4%	11.8%
2050	23.6%	11.9%
2049	23.9%	11.9%
2048	24.1%	12%
2047	24.4%	12%
2046	24.7%	12.1%
2045	25%	12.2%
2044	25.3%	12.2%
2043	25.7%	12.3%
2042	26.1%	12.3%
2041	26.5%	12.4%
2040	26.9%	12.4%
2039	27.4%	12.5%
2038	27.9%	12.5%
2037	28.3%	12.6%
2036	29%	12.6%
2035	29.4%	12.7%
2034	29.8%	12.9%
2033	30.1%	13.1%
2032	30.5%	13.3%
2031	30.8%	13.5%
2030	31.1%	13.8%
2029	31.3%	14%
2028	31.5%	14.3%
2027	31.7%	14.6%
2026	31.9%	14.9%
2025	32%	15.2%
2024	32.1%	15.3%
2023	32.3%	15.5%
2022	32.4%	15.7%
2021	32.6%	15.8%
2020	32.9%	15.8%
2019	33.3%	16%
2018	33.6%	16.1%
2017	33.9%	16.3%
2016	34.2%	16.5%
2015	34.4%	16.7%
2014	34.4%	16.9%
2013	34.4%	17.1%
2012	34.2%	17.3%
2011	34%	17.5%
2010	34.1%	17.7%
2009	34.2%	17.9%
2008	34.5%	18.2%
2007	34.8%	18.5%
2006	35.1%	18.9%
2005	35.5%	19.4%
2004	35.9%	19.8%
2003	36.5%	20.2%
2002	37.1%	20.6%
2001	37.7%	20.9%
2000	38.4%	21.3%
1999	39.1%	21.5%
1998	39.8%	21.8%
1997	40.6%	22%
1996	41.4%	22.1%
1995	42.2%	22.1%
1994	43%	22.1%
1993	43.7%	22.2%
1992	44.2%	22.4%
1991	44.7%	22.5%
1990	45.1%	22.8%
1989	45.5%	23.1%
1988	45.8%	23.6%
1987	46%	24.3%
1986	46.1%	25.2%
1985	46.2%	26.1%
1984	46.2%	27.1%
1983	46.2%	28.1%
1982	46.2%	29.3%
1981	46.2%	30.5%
1980	46.1%	31.9%
1979	46%	33.2%
1978	46.5%	34.3%
1977	47%	35.4%
1976	47.3%	36.2%
1975	47.7%	36.8%
1974	48.2%	37.3%
1973	48.6%	37.6%
1972	49.1%	37.8%
1971	49.3%	37.9%
1970	49.2%	38%
1969	48.9%	37.9%
1968	48.6%	37.8%
1967	48.2%	37.7%
1966	47.9%	37.5%
1965	47.5%	37.3%
1964	47.2%	37.1%
1963	46.8%	36.8%
1962	46.2%	36.5%
1961	45.6%	36.2%
1960	45.1%	36%

Children aged 0-14 make up 32.1% of the population in Botswana and 15.3% in Cuba in 2024, compared to 45.1% and 22.8% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Botswana and Cuba compared.

Maternal mortality chart: Botswana vs Cuba

Chart Table

Botswana

Cuba

1x

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Botswana	Cuba
2023	155	35
2022	120	41
2021	165	172
2020	98	40
2019	100	40
2018	99	39
2017	46	39
2016	72	40
2015	141	41
2014	212	42
2013	221	42
2012	288	42
2011	269	44
2010	228	44
2009	213	45
2008	199	44
2007	201	42
2006	204	42
2005	166	43
2004	151	44
2003	142	44
2002	140	45
2001	138	46
2000	136	48
1999	131	51
1998	126	54
1997	123	57
1996	130	59
1995	148	62
1994	182	64
1993	230	65
1992	263	66
1991	283	66
1990	296	66
1989	300	66
1988	319	68
1987	302	69
1986	304	70
1985	313	70

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 155 deaths per 100,000 live births in Botswana, compared to 35 deaths in Cuba.

Under-five mortality rates

Chart Table

Botswana

Cuba

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

1x

Year	Under 5 mortality rate
	Botswana	Cuba
2023	3.96%	0.83%
2022	4.07%	0.79%
2021	4.2%	0.76%
2020	4.39%	0.72%
2019	4.5%	0.69%
2018	4.59%	0.66%
2017	4.65%	0.64%
2016	4.9%	0.62%
2015	4.98%	0.61%
2014	5.11%	0.6%
2013	5.1%	0.6%
2012	5.34%	0.6%
2011	5.68%	0.61%
2010	5.58%	0.62%
2009	5.78%	0.63%
2008	6.03%	0.65%
2007	6.16%	0.66%
2006	6.43%	0.69%
2005	7.03%	0.71%
2004	7.63%	0.73%
2003	7.85%	0.76%
2002	8%	0.79%
2001	8.12%	0.82%
2000	8.11%	0.86%
1999	7.91%	0.89%
1998	7.57%	0.93%
1997	7.37%	0.97%
1996	7.1%	1.01%
1995	6.74%	1.06%
1994	6.72%	1.11%
1993	6.2%	1.16%
1992	5.7%	1.22%
1991	5.29%	1.28%
1990	5.01%	1.34%
1989	4.87%	1.41%
1988	4.88%	1.49%
1987	5%	1.56%
1986	5.22%	1.64%
1985	5.5%	1.73%
1984	5.8%	1.81%
1983	6.12%	1.9%
1982	6.47%	2%
1981	6.86%	2.11%
1980	7.29%	2.22%
1979	7.74%	2.34%
1978	8.23%	2.47%
1977	8.77%	2.62%
1976	9.32%	2.77%
1975	9.88%	2.94%
1974	10.4%	3.11%
1973	10.9%	3.29%
1972	11.4%	3.47%
1971	11.9%	3.65%
1970	12.4%	3.82%
1969	12.8%	3.97%
1968	13.2%	4.11%
1967	13.6%	4.22%
1966	14%	4.31%
1965	14.5%	4.38%
1964	14.9%	4.43%
1963	15.3%	4.45%
1962	15.8%	4.45%
1961	16.3%	4.44%
1960	16.8%	4.41%

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 3.96% in Botswana and 0.83% in Cuba. Above is a chart with historical data on under-five mortality rates.