Fertility & birth rates in Cuba and Ghana

Fertility rate in Cuba vs Ghana by year

Chart Table

Cuba

Ghana

1x

Year	Fertility rate
	Cuba	Ghana
2023	1.44	3.4
2022	1.41	3.43
2021	1.43	3.49
2020	1.49	3.54
2019	1.54	3.59
2018	1.61	3.65
2017	1.59	3.72
2016	1.6	3.87
2015	1.69	3.98
2014	1.66	4.03
2013	1.68	4.11
2012	1.67	4.15
2011	1.73	4.18
2010	1.67	4.18
2009	1.68	4.18
2008	1.58	4.22
2007	1.44	4.29
2006	1.4	4.4
2005	1.49	4.5
2004	1.55	4.5
2003	1.63	4.6
2002	1.65	4.69
2001	1.6	4.77
2000	1.61	4.83
1999	1.64	4.82
1998	1.62	4.83
1997	1.59	4.88
1996	1.46	4.96
1995	1.48	5.11
1994	1.47	5.25
1993	1.49	5.41
1992	1.56	5.52
1991	1.66	5.63
1990	1.81	5.74
1989	1.83	5.82
1988	1.85	5.92
1987	1.8	6.02
1986	1.78	6.08
1985	1.77	6.12
1984	1.77	6.15
1983	1.8	6.23
1982	1.78	6.31
1981	1.59	6.42
1980	1.64	6.47
1979	1.77	6.51
1978	1.88	6.56
1977	2.21	6.64
1976	2.51	6.7
1975	2.82	6.76
1974	3.16	6.82
1973	3.4	6.87
1972	3.61	6.92
1971	3.8	6.95
1970	3.98	6.95
1969	4.12	6.95
1968	4.19	6.89
1967	4.29	6.89
1966	4.4	6.86
1965	4.5	6.88
1964	4.53	6.9
1963	4.56	6.94
1962	4.42	6.94
1961	4.26	6.91
1960	4.13	6.89

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Cuba was 1.44 children per woman in 2023, compared to 3.4 in Ghana in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Cuba vs Ghana population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

Natural population change by year

Chart Table

Cuba

Ghana

1x

Year	Natural population change
	Cuba	Ghana
2023	-15,880	651,094
2022	-17,961	646,441
2021	-71,616	635,805
2020	-12,808	637,469
2019	-4,245	642,403
2018	3,436	641,551
2017	2,306	641,218
2016	9,677	659,910
2015	20,464	667,729
2014	22,448	660,829
2013	29,827	658,638
2012	33,864	646,595
2011	40,753	631,501
2010	37,021	613,133
2009	37,543	592,825
2008	32,848	579,695
2007	24,617	572,332
2006	24,508	569,474
2005	36,660	563,234
2004	44,258	543,339
2003	56,170	536,656
2002	58,212	528,620
2001	57,325	519,382
2000	61,133	508,738
1999	69,069	487,210
1998	71,284	471,313
1997	71,828	459,822
1996	61,837	450,259
1995	66,809	451,748
1994	68,604	449,589
1993	73,221	454,669
1992	83,461	452,156
1991	95,398	448,159
1990	112,378	442,211
1989	114,865	432,541
1988	116,626	425,031
1987	109,617	419,328
1986	105,997	411,191
1985	103,228	401,722
1984	101,670	392,053
1983	101,858	379,846
1982	95,866	369,061
1981	74,067	359,572
1980	74,271	346,816
1979	81,192	334,848
1978	86,864	324,428
1977	106,875	315,429
1976	125,383	305,769
1975	144,964	298,267
1974	165,099	290,796
1973	177,387	283,385
1972	187,588	275,236
1971	195,106	265,442
1970	201,823	257,938
1969	205,581	251,925
1968	205,487	242,821
1967	207,245	237,156
1966	209,179	231,440
1965	211,322	229,061
1964	209,315	226,685
1963	205,788	225,367
1962	196,423	223,842
1961	183,806	222,372
1960	172,816	217,134

The chart above illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes in population resulting from births and deaths.

Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was -0.14% in Cuba and +1.93% in Ghana.

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change has been -0.06% in Cuba and +2.1% in Ghana.

Birth rate in Cuba vs Ghana by year

Chart Table

Cuba

Ghana

Annual births per 1,000 people

1x

Year	Annual births per 1,000 people
	Cuba	Ghana
2023	8.71	26.3
2022	8.66	26.6
2021	8.81	27
2020	9.26	27.4
2019	9.67	27.9
2018	10.2	28.4
2017	10.1	28.9
2016	10.3	30.2
2015	10.9	31.1
2014	10.9	31.5
2013	11.2	32.2
2012	11.2	32.5
2011	11.8	32.7
2010	11.4	32.7
2009	11.5	32.6
2008	10.9	32.8
2007	10	33.2
2006	9.87	33.9
2005	10.6	34.4
2004	11.3	34.3
2003	12.1	34.8
2002	12.5	35.2
2001	12.4	35.6
2000	12.9	35.9
1999	13.5	35.6
1998	13.7	35.5
1997	13.8	35.6
1996	13	35.8
1995	13.5	36.7
1994	13.7	37.5
1993	14.1	38.5
1992	15	39.2
1991	16.1	39.9
1990	17.6	40.5
1989	17.8	40.9
1988	18	41.5
1987	17.3	42.2
1986	17	42.7
1985	16.7	43.1
1984	16.5	43.4
1983	16.5	43.4
1982	15.9	43.6
1981	13.9	43.9
1980	13.9	44.1
1979	14.6	44
1978	15.1	44.1
1977	17.3	44.4
1976	19.4	44.7
1975	21.6	45.3
1974	24.1	45.9
1973	25.8	46.4
1972	27.2	46.9
1971	28.5	47.4
1970	29.9	47.7
1969	31	47.9
1968	31.6	47.7
1967	32.5	47.7
1966	33.4	47.8
1965	34.4	48.2
1964	34.9	48.7
1963	35.4	49.2
1962	34.6	49.7
1961	33.7	50
1960	32.8	50.4

The latest reported birth rate per 1,000 people in 2023 was 8.71 in Cuba and 26.3 in Ghana, compared with 32.8 and 50.4, respectively, in 1960.

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Chart Table

Cuba

Factual

UN forecast

Ghana

Factual

UN forecast

1x

Year	Young
	Cuba	Ghana
2100	10.9%	19.3%
2099	10.9%	19.5%
2098	10.9%	19.6%
2097	10.9%	19.7%
2096	10.9%	19.8%
2095	10.9%	20%
2094	10.9%	20.1%
2093	10.9%	20.2%
2092	10.9%	20.4%
2091	10.9%	20.5%
2090	11%	20.7%
2089	11%	20.8%
2088	11%	21%
2087	11%	21.1%
2086	11%	21.3%
2085	11%	21.4%
2084	11%	21.6%
2083	11%	21.7%
2082	11.1%	21.9%
2081	11.1%	22.1%
2080	11.1%	22.2%
2079	11.1%	22.4%
2078	11.1%	22.5%
2077	11.1%	22.7%
2076	11.1%	22.9%
2075	11.1%	23%
2074	11.1%	23.2%
2073	11.1%	23.4%
2072	11.1%	23.5%
2071	11.2%	23.7%
2070	11.2%	23.9%
2069	11.2%	24.1%
2068	11.2%	24.2%
2067	11.2%	24.4%
2066	11.2%	24.6%
2065	11.2%	24.8%
2064	11.2%	25.1%
2063	11.3%	25.3%
2062	11.3%	25.5%
2061	11.3%	25.7%
2060	11.3%	26%
2059	11.4%	26.2%
2058	11.4%	26.4%
2057	11.5%	26.7%
2056	11.5%	26.9%
2055	11.5%	27.2%
2054	11.6%	27.4%
2053	11.7%	27.7%
2052	11.7%	27.9%
2051	11.8%	28.2%
2050	11.9%	28.4%
2049	11.9%	28.6%
2048	12%	28.9%
2047	12%	29.1%
2046	12.1%	29.3%
2045	12.2%	29.5%
2044	12.2%	29.7%
2043	12.3%	29.9%
2042	12.3%	30.2%
2041	12.4%	30.4%
2040	12.4%	30.6%
2039	12.5%	30.8%
2038	12.5%	31%
2037	12.6%	31.3%
2036	12.6%	31.5%
2035	12.7%	31.8%
2034	12.9%	32%
2033	13.1%	32.3%
2032	13.3%	32.7%
2031	13.5%	33%
2030	13.8%	33.5%
2029	14%	33.9%
2028	14.3%	34.3%
2027	14.6%	34.8%
2026	14.9%	35.2%
2025	15.2%	35.6%
2024	15.3%	35.8%
2023	15.5%	36.2%
2022	15.7%	36.5%
2021	15.8%	36.9%
2020	15.8%	37.2%
2019	16%	37.6%
2018	16.1%	37.8%
2017	16.3%	38.1%
2016	16.5%	38.4%
2015	16.7%	38.6%
2014	16.9%	38.8%
2013	17.1%	38.9%
2012	17.3%	38.9%
2011	17.5%	39%
2010	17.7%	39.1%
2009	17.9%	39.3%
2008	18.2%	39.5%
2007	18.5%	39.8%
2006	18.9%	40.1%
2005	19.4%	40.4%
2004	19.8%	40.7%
2003	20.2%	41.1%
2002	20.6%	41.5%
2001	20.9%	41.9%
2000	21.3%	42.3%
1999	21.5%	42.7%
1998	21.8%	43.1%
1997	22%	43.5%
1996	22.1%	43.9%
1995	22.1%	44.2%
1994	22.1%	44.5%
1993	22.2%	44.8%
1992	22.4%	45%
1991	22.5%	45.2%
1990	22.8%	45.3%
1989	23.1%	45.4%
1988	23.6%	45.4%
1987	24.3%	45.5%
1986	25.2%	45.4%
1985	26.1%	45.3%
1984	27.1%	45.2%
1983	28.1%	45.4%
1982	29.3%	45.7%
1981	30.5%	45.9%
1980	31.9%	46.2%
1979	33.2%	46.5%
1978	34.3%	47%
1977	35.4%	47.5%
1976	36.2%	47.9%
1975	36.8%	48.2%
1974	37.3%	48.3%
1973	37.6%	48.4%
1972	37.8%	48.4%
1971	37.9%	48.4%
1970	38%	48.2%
1969	37.9%	48.1%
1968	37.8%	47.9%
1967	37.7%	47.8%
1966	37.5%	47.6%
1965	37.3%	47.4%
1964	37.1%	47.1%
1963	36.8%	46.8%
1962	36.5%	46.4%
1961	36.2%	45.9%
1960	36%	45.4%

Children aged 0-14 make up 15.3% of the population in Cuba and 35.8% in Ghana in 2024, compared to 22.8% and 45.3% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Cuba and Ghana compared.

Maternal mortality chart: Cuba vs Ghana

Chart Table

Cuba

Ghana

1x

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Cuba	Ghana
2023	35	234
2022	41	239
2021	172	264
2020	40	253
2019	40	260
2018	39	276
2017	39	287
2016	40	296
2015	41	310
2014	42	317
2013	42	338
2012	42	351
2011	44	356
2010	44	363
2009	45	369
2008	44	380
2007	42	377
2006	42	385
2005	43	390
2004	44	403
2003	44	410
2002	45	434
2001	46	460
2000	48	472
1999	51	490
1998	54	521
1997	57	553
1996	59	591
1995	62	630
1994	64	670
1993	65	696
1992	66	718
1991	66	745
1990	66	769
1989	66	799
1988	68	834
1987	69	873
1986	70	908
1985	70	943

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 35 deaths per 100,000 live births in Cuba, compared to 234 deaths in Ghana.

Under-five mortality rates

Chart Table

Cuba

Ghana

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

1x

Year	Under 5 mortality rate
	Cuba	Ghana
2023	0.83%	3.71%
2022	0.79%	3.85%
2021	0.76%	4.02%
2020	0.72%	4.2%
2019	0.69%	4.39%
2018	0.66%	4.6%
2017	0.64%	4.81%
2016	0.62%	5.02%
2015	0.61%	5.25%
2014	0.6%	5.48%
2013	0.6%	5.74%
2012	0.6%	6.02%
2011	0.61%	6.33%
2010	0.62%	6.65%
2009	0.63%	6.99%
2008	0.65%	7.31%
2007	0.66%	7.63%
2006	0.69%	7.93%
2005	0.71%	8.22%
2004	0.73%	8.52%
2003	0.76%	8.85%
2002	0.79%	9.21%
2001	0.82%	9.61%
2000	0.86%	10%
1999	0.89%	10.4%
1998	0.93%	10.8%
1997	0.97%	11.1%
1996	1.01%	11.3%
1995	1.06%	11.5%
1994	1.11%	11.6%
1993	1.16%	11.8%
1992	1.22%	12%
1991	1.28%	12.3%
1990	1.34%	12.8%
1989	1.41%	13.3%
1988	1.49%	13.8%
1987	1.56%	14.4%
1986	1.64%	15%
1985	1.73%	15.5%
1984	1.81%	15.9%
1983	1.9%	16.2%
1982	2%	16.4%
1981	2.11%	16.6%
1980	2.22%	16.7%
1979	2.34%	16.9%
1978	2.47%	17.2%
1977	2.62%	17.7%
1976	2.77%	18.2%
1975	2.94%	18.7%
1974	3.11%	19.2%
1973	3.29%	19.6%
1972	3.47%	19.9%
1971	3.65%	20.1%
1970	3.82%	20.2%
1969	3.97%	20.3%
1968	4.11%	20.3%
1967	4.22%	20.3%
1966	4.31%	20.3%
1965	4.38%	20.3%
1964	4.43%	20.3%
1963	4.45%	20.4%
1962	4.45%	20.5%
1961	4.44%	20.7%
1960	4.41%	20.9%

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 0.83% in Cuba and 3.71% in Ghana. Above is a chart with historical data on under-five mortality rates.