Fertility & birth rates in Madagascar and Mongolia

Fertility rate in Madagascar vs Mongolia chart

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Madagascar was 3.97 children per woman in 2023, compared to 2.7 in Mongolia in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Madagascar vs Mongolia population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart below showcases historical changes in the birth rates.

Table

Year	Fertility rate
	Madagascar	Mongolia
1960	7.34	6.82
1961	7.3	6.96
1962	7.26	7.1
1963	7.21	7.24
1964	7.19	7.33
1965	7.17	7.38
1966	7.16	7.41
1967	7.14	7.39
1968	7.13	7.37
1969	7.12	7.34
1970	7.1	7.31
1971	7.07	7.3
1972	7.04	7.28
1973	7.01	7.24
1974	6.99	7.17
1975	6.97	7.07
1976	6.95	6.93
1977	6.93	6.79
1978	6.9	6.62
1979	6.87	6.42
1980	6.84	6.21
1981	6.77	5.98
1982	6.7	5.8
1983	6.63	5.63
1984	6.55	5.45
1985	6.46	5.26
1986	6.34	5.03
1987	6.24	4.83
1988	6.18	4.65
1989	6.15	4.42
1990	6.14	4.5
1991	6.12	4
1992	6.08	3.5
1993	6.06	2.5
1994	6.04	2.7
1995	6.04	2.77
1996	6.03	2.5
1997	6.02	2.4
1998	5.99	2.3
1999	5.84	2.3
2000	5.67	2.2
2001	5.53	2.2
2002	5.41	2.1
2003	5.33	2
2004	5.26	2
2005	5.2	2
2006	5.13	2.1
2007	5.08	2.3
2008	5.04	2.6
2009	5	2.8
2010	4.9	2.4
2011	4.74	2.6
2012	4.61	2.7
2013	4.53	3
2014	4.42	3.1
2015	4.34	3
2016	4.29	3
2017	4.26	2.8
2018	4.25	2.9
2019	4.22	3
2020	4.17	2.9
2021	4.1	2.8
2022	4.04	2.7
2023	3.97	2.7
2024	3.91	2.65
2025	3.84	2.6
2026	3.78	2.55
2027	3.72	2.51
2028	3.66	2.47
2029	3.61	2.44
2030	3.56	2.4
2031	3.51	2.37
2032	3.46	2.34
2033	3.41	2.31
2034	3.36	2.29
2035	3.32	2.26
2036	3.28	2.23
2037	3.24	2.21
2038	3.2	2.19
2039	3.16	2.17
2040	3.12	2.15
2041	3.09	2.13
2042	3.05	2.11
2043	3.02	2.09
2044	2.99	2.08
2045	2.95	2.06
2046	2.92	2.05
2047	2.9	2.04
2048	2.87	2.02
2049	2.84	2.01
2050	2.82	2

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Table

Year	Share of people 0-14 years old
	Madagascar	Mongolia
1960	45.2%	38.1%
1961	45.8%	38.8%
1962	46.3%	39.6%
1963	46.7%	40.4%
1964	46.8%	41.4%
1965	46.7%	42.4%
1966	46.6%	43.3%
1967	46.5%	44.2%
1968	46.5%	44.9%
1969	46.4%	45.4%
1970	46.4%	45.6%
1971	46.4%	45.8%
1972	46.4%	45.8%
1973	46.4%	45.8%
1974	46.5%	45.6%
1975	46.5%	45.4%
1976	46.6%	45.2%
1977	46.7%	44.8%
1978	46.8%	44.5%
1979	46.9%	44.1%
1980	47%	43.7%
1981	47.1%	43.3%
1982	47.1%	43%
1983	47%	42.7%
1984	46.9%	42.5%
1985	46.8%	42.3%
1986	46.7%	42.1%
1987	46.5%	42%
1988	46.3%	41.8%
1989	46.1%	41.7%
1990	45.9%	41.4%
1991	45.7%	41%
1992	45.6%	40.5%
1993	45.5%	40%
1994	45.4%	39.5%
1995	45.3%	39%
1996	45.3%	38.4%
1997	45.3%	37.8%
1998	45.4%	37%
1999	45.4%	36.2%
2000	45.4%	35.2%
2001	45.4%	34.1%
2002	45.4%	32.9%
2003	45.4%	31.8%
2004	45.3%	30.8%
2005	45.2%	29.9%
2006	45%	29.1%
2007	44.8%	28.5%
2008	44.6%	28.1%
2009	44.3%	27.9%
2010	44%	27.9%
2011	43.7%	28%
2012	43.3%	28.1%
2013	42.8%	28.5%
2014	42.4%	28.9%
2015	42%	29.5%
2016	41.6%	30.2%
2017	41.2%	30.9%
2018	40.9%	31.6%
2019	40.7%	32.3%
2020	40.4%	32.8%
2021	40.1%	32.9%
2022	39.9%	32.9%
2023	39.6%	32.6%
2024	39.3%	32.2%
2025	38.9%	31.6%
2026	38.6%	30.9%
2027	38.4%	30.1%
2028	38.1%	29.2%
2029	37.8%	28.2%
2030	37.6%	27.3%
2031	37.3%	26.3%
2032	37%	25.6%
2033	36.7%	24.9%
2034	36.4%	24.3%
2035	36%	23.8%
2036	35.7%	23.4%
2037	35.3%	23.1%
2038	35%	23%
2039	34.6%	22.9%
2040	34.3%	22.8%
2041	34%	22.9%
2042	33.6%	22.9%
2043	33.3%	23%
2044	33%	23.1%
2045	32.7%	23.2%
2046	32.4%	23.3%
2047	32.1%	23.4%
2048	31.8%	23.4%
2049	31.6%	23.4%
2050	31.3%	23.3%

Children aged 0-14 make up 39.3% of the population in Madagascar and 32.2% in Mongolia in 2024, compared to 45.9% and 41.4% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Madagascar and Mongolia compared.

Natural population change in Madagascar vs Mongolia by year

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change (excluding migration) has been +2.57% in Madagascar and +1.81% in Mongolia. The chart below illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes resulting from births and deaths.

Table

Year	Population change due to births and deaths
	Madagascar	Mongolia
1960	133,684	20,726
1961	136,578	21,873
1962	139,412	22,960
1963	142,666	24,142
1964	146,894	25,317
1965	152,362	26,364
1966	159,483	27,338
1967	167,287	28,178
1968	175,869	29,017
1969	184,562	29,781
1970	194,889	30,558
1971	204,617	31,536
1972	213,138	32,727
1973	221,768	33,993
1974	230,233	35,297
1975	238,774	36,490
1976	247,026	37,670
1977	255,399	38,995
1978	263,684	40,276
1979	270,752	41,568
1980	275,287	42,343
1981	277,535	43,588
1982	284,733	45,179
1983	290,085	46,919
1984	296,892	48,562
1985	304,199	49,944
1986	307,074	50,329
1987	317,621	51,140
1988	330,510	51,588
1989	344,279	51,420
1990	360,621	49,443
1991	375,040	47,884
1992	388,430	42,437
1993	408,801	36,924
1994	428,169	34,711
1995	450,259	34,473
1996	471,453	33,741
1997	490,905	32,403
1998	508,408	31,757
1999	516,976	32,283
2000	520,860	32,753
2001	529,656	32,052
2002	535,518	30,439
2003	544,903	28,827
2004	556,319	28,418
2005	568,143	29,290
2006	581,489	33,609
2007	597,772	39,636
2008	615,580	45,843
2009	634,008	48,876
2010	641,543	44,914
2011	640,577	50,711
2012	644,255	55,942
2013	654,230	62,618
2014	660,837	66,078
2015	668,977	64,473
2016	682,801	62,086
2017	699,498	57,940
2018	719,267	60,635
2019	735,853	61,433
2020	736,607	60,888
2021	741,416	52,109
2022	753,931	47,730
2023	766,391	46,995

Maternal mortality chart: Madagascar vs Mongolia

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 445 deaths per 100,000 live births in Madagascar, compared to 41 deaths in Mongolia.

Table

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Madagascar	Mongolia
1985	751	352
1986	730	346
1987	702	341
1988	687	335
1989	684	311
1990	692	276
1991	691	227
1992	699	199
1993	688	181
1994	688	178
1995	684	176
1996	680	178
1997	676	180
1998	663	174
1999	647	162
2000	638	144
2001	611	130
2002	593	120
2003	571	114
2004	555	108
2005	540	99
2006	528	90
2007	522	81
2008	510	77
2009	507	75
2010	500	71
2011	492	67
2012	487	63
2013	481	59
2014	477	56
2015	474	52
2016	470	48
2017	469	45
2018	466	45
2019	462	45
2020	447	47
2021	467	63
2022	439	41
2023	445	41

Under-five mortality rates

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 6.48% in Madagascar and 1.36% in Mongolia. Below is the historical data on under-five mortality rates.

Table

Year	Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
	Madagascar	Mongolia
1968	14.6%	-
1969	14.7%	-
1970	14.9%	-
1971	15.1%	-
1972	15.3%	-
1973	15.6%	-
1974	15.8%	-
1975	16.1%	-
1976	16.3%	-
1977	16.5%	-
1978	16.7%	17.3%
1979	16.9%	16.7%
1980	17.1%	16.1%
1981	17.4%	15.5%
1982	17.6%	15%
1983	17.8%	14.4%
1984	17.8%	13.9%
1985	17.7%	13.4%
1986	17.5%	12.8%
1987	17.1%	12.2%
1988	16.6%	11.7%
1989	16.1%	11.1%
1990	15.6%	10.7%
1991	15%	10.2%
1992	14.5%	9.78%
1993	14%	9.39%
1994	13.5%	9%
1995	13.1%	8.6%
1996	12.6%	8.19%
1997	12%	7.74%
1998	11.5%	7.27%
1999	11%	6.78%
2000	10.5%	6.29%
2001	10%	5.8%
2002	9.6%	5.32%
2003	9.2%	4.87%
2004	8.82%	4.45%
2005	8.46%	4.07%
2006	8.12%	3.71%
2007	7.81%	3.39%
2008	7.53%	3.11%
2009	7.28%	2.85%
2010	7.07%	2.63%
2011	6.9%	2.44%
2012	6.77%	2.28%
2013	6.69%	2.15%
2014	6.62%	2.04%
2015	6.58%	1.94%
2016	6.57%	1.84%
2017	6.57%	1.74%
2018	6.58%	1.64%
2019	6.61%	1.56%
2020	6.63%	1.48%
2021	6.62%	1.43%
2022	6.57%	1.39%
2023	6.48%	1.36%