Fertility & birth rates in Mongolia and Portugal

Fertility rate in Mongolia vs Portugal chart

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Mongolia was 2.7 children per woman in 2023, compared to 1.44 in Portugal in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Mongolia vs Portugal population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart below showcases historical changes in the birth rates.

Table

Year	Fertility rate
	Mongolia	Portugal
1960	6.82	3.16
1961	6.96	3.21
1962	7.1	3.23
1963	7.24	3.12
1964	7.33	3.21
1965	7.38	3.15
1966	7.41	3.16
1967	7.39	3.16
1968	7.37	3.12
1969	7.34	3.12
1970	7.31	3.01
1971	7.3	3
1972	7.28	2.86
1973	7.24	2.77
1974	7.17	2.7
1975	7.07	2.75
1976	6.93	2.82
1977	6.79	2.69
1978	6.62	2.45
1979	6.42	2.31
1980	6.21	2.25
1981	5.98	2.13
1982	5.8	2.07
1983	5.63	1.95
1984	5.45	1.9
1985	5.26	1.72
1986	5.03	1.66
1987	4.83	1.62
1988	4.65	1.61
1989	4.42	1.57
1990	4.5	1.56
1991	4	1.56
1992	3.5	1.54
1993	2.5	1.52
1994	2.7	1.45
1995	2.77	1.41
1996	2.5	1.44
1997	2.4	1.47
1998	2.3	1.47
1999	2.3	1.5
2000	2.2	1.55
2001	2.2	1.45
2002	2.1	1.46
2003	2	1.44
2004	2	1.4
2005	2	1.41
2006	2.1	1.37
2007	2.3	1.35
2008	2.6	1.39
2009	2.8	1.34
2010	2.4	1.39
2011	2.6	1.35
2012	2.7	1.28
2013	3	1.21
2014	3.1	1.24
2015	3	1.31
2016	3	1.37
2017	2.8	1.38
2018	2.9	1.42
2019	3	1.44
2020	2.9	1.42
2021	2.8	1.35
2022	2.7	1.43
2023	2.7	1.44
2024	2.65	1.45
2025	2.6	1.45
2026	2.55	1.45
2027	2.51	1.46
2028	2.47	1.46
2029	2.44	1.46
2030	2.4	1.46
2031	2.37	1.47
2032	2.34	1.47
2033	2.31	1.47
2034	2.29	1.48
2035	2.26	1.48
2036	2.23	1.48
2037	2.21	1.48
2038	2.19	1.49
2039	2.17	1.49
2040	2.15	1.49
2041	2.13	1.49
2042	2.11	1.49
2043	2.09	1.49
2044	2.08	1.5
2045	2.06	1.5
2046	2.05	1.5
2047	2.04	1.5
2048	2.02	1.5
2049	2.01	1.5
2050	2	1.5

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Table

Year	Share of people 0-14 years old
	Mongolia	Portugal
1960	38.1%	29.3%
1961	38.8%	29.1%
1962	39.6%	29.1%
1963	40.4%	29.1%
1964	41.4%	29.1%
1965	42.4%	29.1%
1966	43.3%	29.2%
1967	44.2%	29.2%
1968	44.9%	29.2%
1969	45.4%	29.1%
1970	45.6%	28.7%
1971	45.8%	28.4%
1972	45.8%	28.2%
1973	45.8%	27.9%
1974	45.6%	27.7%
1975	45.4%	27.4%
1976	45.2%	27.2%
1977	44.8%	27.1%
1978	44.5%	26.8%
1979	44.1%	26.4%
1980	43.7%	25.9%
1981	43.3%	25.4%
1982	43%	25%
1983	42.7%	24.5%
1984	42.5%	24.1%
1985	42.3%	23.7%
1986	42.1%	23.1%
1987	42%	22.5%
1988	41.8%	21.9%
1989	41.7%	21.2%
1990	41.4%	20.5%
1991	41%	19.7%
1992	40.5%	19.1%
1993	40%	18.6%
1994	39.5%	18.2%
1995	39%	17.8%
1996	38.4%	17.4%
1997	37.8%	17.1%
1998	37%	16.8%
1999	36.2%	16.6%
2000	35.2%	16.4%
2001	34.1%	16.2%
2002	32.9%	16.1%
2003	31.8%	16.1%
2004	30.8%	16%
2005	29.9%	15.9%
2006	29.1%	15.8%
2007	28.5%	15.6%
2008	28.1%	15.5%
2009	27.9%	15.4%
2010	27.9%	15.2%
2011	28%	15%
2012	28.1%	14.9%
2013	28.5%	14.8%
2014	28.9%	14.6%
2015	29.5%	14.3%
2016	30.2%	14.1%
2017	30.9%	13.9%
2018	31.6%	13.7%
2019	32.3%	13.5%
2020	32.8%	13.3%
2021	32.9%	13.1%
2022	32.9%	13%
2023	32.6%	12.9%
2024	32.2%	12.8%
2025	31.6%	12.7%
2026	30.9%	12.6%
2027	30.1%	12.6%
2028	29.2%	12.6%
2029	28.2%	12.6%
2030	27.3%	12.7%
2031	26.3%	12.7%
2032	25.6%	12.7%
2033	24.9%	12.7%
2034	24.3%	12.7%
2035	23.8%	12.8%
2036	23.4%	12.9%
2037	23.1%	12.9%
2038	23%	13%
2039	22.9%	13%
2040	22.8%	13.1%
2041	22.9%	13.1%
2042	22.9%	13.2%
2043	23%	13.2%
2044	23.1%	13.3%
2045	23.2%	13.3%
2046	23.3%	13.4%
2047	23.4%	13.4%
2048	23.4%	13.4%
2049	23.4%	13.5%
2050	23.3%	13.5%

Children aged 0-14 make up 32.2% of the population in Mongolia and 12.8% in Portugal in 2024, compared to 41.4% and 20.5% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Mongolia and Portugal compared.

Natural population change in Mongolia vs Portugal by year

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change (excluding migration) has been +1.81% in Mongolia and -0.29% in Portugal. The chart below illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes resulting from births and deaths.

Table

Year	Population change due to births and deaths
	Mongolia	Portugal
1960	20,726	118,693
1961	21,873	117,867
1962	22,960	123,217
1963	24,142	113,783
1964	25,317	120,170
1965	26,364	115,182
1966	27,338	107,171
1967	28,178	106,495
1968	29,017	100,737
1969	29,781	89,329
1970	30,558	87,672
1971	31,536	82,980
1972	32,727	83,715
1973	33,993	76,835
1974	35,297	74,412
1975	36,490	81,841
1976	37,670	85,138
1977	38,995	84,156
1978	40,276	70,731
1979	41,568	67,628
1980	42,343	63,481
1981	43,588	56,152
1982	45,179	58,479
1983	46,919	47,798
1984	48,562	45,983
1985	49,944	33,077
1986	50,329	31,102
1987	51,140	28,084
1988	51,588	24,047
1989	51,420	22,011
1990	49,443	13,976
1991	47,884	12,948
1992	42,437	13,933
1993	36,924	7,972
1994	34,711	9,991
1995	34,473	4,011
1996	33,741	4,026
1997	32,403	8,087
1998	31,757	7,112
1999	32,283	8,175
2000	32,753	15,435
2001	32,052	8,290
2002	30,439	8,335
2003	28,827	4,184
2004	28,418	7,339
2005	29,290	2,101
2006	33,609	3,156
2007	39,636	-1,055
2008	45,843	0
2009	48,876	-5,284
2010	44,914	-4,230
2011	50,711	-5,279
2012	55,942	-17,875
2013	62,618	-24,052
2014	66,078	-22,882
2015	64,473	-23,823
2016	62,086	-23,749
2017	57,940	-23,691
2018	60,635	-25,709
2019	61,433	-24,687
2020	60,888	-39,129
2021	52,109	-45,592
2022	47,730	-40,694
2023	46,995	-32,792

Maternal mortality chart: Mongolia vs Portugal

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 41 deaths per 100,000 live births in Mongolia, compared to 15 deaths in Portugal.

Table

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Mongolia	Portugal
1985	352	20
1986	346	19
1987	341	19
1988	335	18
1989	311	18
1990	276	17
1991	227	17
1992	199	16
1993	181	15
1994	178	13
1995	176	12
1996	178	12
1997	180	12
1998	174	11
1999	162	10
2000	144	9
2001	130	9
2002	120	9
2003	114	8
2004	108	8
2005	99	8
2006	90	8
2007	81	8
2008	77	9
2009	75	9
2010	71	10
2011	67	10
2012	63	10
2013	59	10
2014	56	11
2015	52	11
2016	48	12
2017	45	13
2018	45	14
2019	45	15
2020	47	14
2021	63	19
2022	41	16
2023	41	15

Under-five mortality rates

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 1.36% in Mongolia and 0.32% in Portugal. Below is the historical data on under-five mortality rates.

Table

Year	Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
	Mongolia	Portugal
1960	-	11.4%
1961	-	11%
1962	-	10.4%
1963	-	9.76%
1964	-	9.1%
1965	-	8.53%
1966	-	8.09%
1967	-	7.76%
1968	-	7.51%
1969	-	7.22%
1970	-	6.81%
1971	-	6.3%
1972	-	5.78%
1973	-	5.27%
1974	-	4.79%
1975	-	4.35%
1976	-	3.94%
1977	-	3.57%
1978	17.3%	3.24%
1979	16.7%	2.97%
1980	16.1%	2.75%
1981	15.5%	2.58%
1982	15%	2.43%
1983	14.4%	2.29%
1984	13.9%	2.16%
1985	13.4%	2.04%
1986	12.8%	1.93%
1987	12.2%	1.82%
1988	11.7%	1.7%
1989	11.1%	1.59%
1990	10.7%	1.47%
1991	10.2%	1.36%
1992	9.78%	1.25%
1993	9.39%	1.14%
1994	9%	1.05%
1995	8.6%	0.98%
1996	8.19%	0.92%
1997	7.74%	0.86%
1998	7.27%	0.82%
1999	6.78%	0.77%
2000	6.29%	0.72%
2001	5.8%	0.66%
2002	5.32%	0.61%
2003	4.87%	0.55%
2004	4.45%	0.5%
2005	4.07%	0.47%
2006	3.71%	0.44%
2007	3.39%	0.42%
2008	3.11%	0.4%
2009	2.85%	0.39%
2010	2.63%	0.38%
2011	2.44%	0.37%
2012	2.28%	0.37%
2013	2.15%	0.36%
2014	2.04%	0.36%
2015	1.94%	0.36%
2016	1.84%	0.36%
2017	1.74%	0.36%
2018	1.64%	0.35%
2019	1.56%	0.35%
2020	1.48%	0.34%
2021	1.43%	0.33%
2022	1.39%	0.32%
2023	1.36%	0.32%