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Fertility & birth rates in Cuba and Laos

Updated on by Georank team

Cuba has an annual birth rate of 8.71 births per 1,000 people, compared to 21.3 for Laos. The average number of children a woman is expected to have during her lifetime — the fertility rate, is 1.44 in Cuba and 2.42 in Laos — 68.2% difference.

1960 vs 2023, the fertility rate has decreased by 65.1% in Cuba and by 61.5% in Laos — in 1960, it was 4.13 and 6.29, respectively.

  • Cuba is ranked 167/196 by birth rate compared to 65/196 for Laos.
  • The mean age at childbearing (for all the births, not just the first) is 26.3 in Cuba — it's 26.1 in Laos.
  • Annual births per 1,000 women ages 15-19 (adolescent birth rate or teenage mother rate) is 48.7 in Cuba vs 81.7 in Laos.
  • In Cuba, 21.2% of the population is composed of women of reproductive age (15-49), compared to 27% in Laos.

Fertility rate in Cuba vs Laos by year

Cuba
Laos
1x
Year Fertility rate
Cuba Laos
2023 1.44 2.42
2022 1.41 2.46
2021 1.43 2.49
2020 1.49 2.54
2019 1.54 2.59
2018 1.61 2.63
2017 1.59 2.69
2016 1.6 2.74
2015 1.69 2.8
2014 1.66 2.8
2013 1.68 2.87
2012 1.67 2.95
2011 1.73 3.05
2010 1.67 3.14
2009 1.68 3.23
2008 1.58 3.33
2007 1.44 3.44
2006 1.4 3.56
2005 1.49 3.69
2004 1.55 3.9
2003 1.63 4.02
2002 1.65 4.13
2001 1.6 4.29
2000 1.61 4.43
1999 1.64 4.64
1998 1.62 4.79
1997 1.59 4.96
1996 1.46 5.15
1995 1.48 5.36
1994 1.47 5.6
1993 1.49 5.8
1992 1.56 5.9
1991 1.66 5.99
1990 1.81 6.06
1989 1.83 6.1
1988 1.85 6.16
1987 1.8 6.21
1986 1.78 6.26
1985 1.77 6.33
1984 1.77 6.37
1983 1.8 6.38
1982 1.78 6.37
1981 1.59 6.35
1980 1.64 6.33
1979 1.77 6.31
1978 1.88 6.3
1977 2.21 6.29
1976 2.51 6.29
1975 2.82 6.29
1974 3.16 6.29
1973 3.4 6.28
1972 3.61 6.28
1971 3.8 6.3
1970 3.98 6.31
1969 4.12 6.3
1968 4.19 6.3
1967 4.29 6.31
1966 4.4 6.31
1965 4.5 6.32
1964 4.53 6.31
1963 4.56 6.32
1962 4.42 6.31
1961 4.26 6.31
1960 4.13 6.29

Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2023, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/birth-rate/cuba/laos | CC BY

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Cuba was 1.44 children per woman in 2023, compared to 2.42 in Laos in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Cuba vs Laos population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

Natural population change by year

Cuba
Laos
1x
Year Natural population change
Cuba Laos
2023 -15,880 115,359
2022 -17,961 116,620
2021 -71,616 115,323
2020 -12,808 118,609
2019 -4,245 119,797
2018 3,436 119,986
2017 2,306 120,515
2016 9,677 119,978
2015 20,464 118,723
2014 22,448 118,103
2013 29,827 119,845
2012 33,864 121,324
2011 40,753 122,863
2010 37,021 122,516
2009 37,543 122,174
2008 32,848 121,042
2007 24,617 119,980
2006 24,508 118,602
2005 36,660 118,165
2004 44,258 121,888
2003 56,170 122,158
2002 58,212 122,110
2001 57,325 123,847
2000 61,133 124,201
1999 69,069 127,255
1998 71,284 128,409
1997 71,828 130,388
1996 61,837 131,142
1995 66,809 132,241
1994 68,604 134,201
1993 73,221 135,295
1992 83,461 132,417
1991 95,398 129,523
1990 112,378 125,297
1989 114,865 121,044
1988 116,626 117,050
1987 109,617 113,005
1986 105,997 109,266
1985 103,228 106,047
1984 101,670 102,318
1983 101,858 98,178
1982 95,866 94,058
1981 74,067 89,963
1980 74,271 86,548
1979 81,192 82,852
1978 86,864 80,604
1977 106,875 79,149
1976 125,383 77,575
1975 144,964 76,725
1974 165,099 74,652
1973 177,387 70,513
1972 187,588 68,095
1971 195,106 65,959
1970 201,823 63,896
1969 205,581 61,595
1968 205,487 59,567
1967 207,245 57,763
1966 209,179 55,494
1965 211,322 54,268
1964 209,315 52,482
1963 205,788 51,056
1962 196,423 51,244
1961 183,806 48,992
1960 172,816 47,575

Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2023, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/birth-rate/cuba/laos | CC BY

The chart above illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes in population resulting from births and deaths.

Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was -0.14% in Cuba and +1.51% in Laos.

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change has been -0.06% in Cuba and +1.65% in Laos.

Birth rate in Cuba vs Laos by year

Cuba
Laos

Annual births per 1,000 people

1x
Year Annual births per 1,000 people
Cuba Laos
2023 8.71 21.3
2022 8.66 21.7
2021 8.81 22.1
2020 9.26 22.6
2019 9.67 23.2
2018 10.2 23.6
2017 10.1 24.1
2016 10.3 24.6
2015 10.9 25
2014 10.9 25
2013 11.2 25.6
2012 11.2 26.2
2011 11.8 26.8
2010 11.4 27.2
2009 11.5 27.6
2008 10.9 27.9
2007 10 28.1
2006 9.87 28.4
2005 10.6 28.8
2004 11.3 30.1
2003 12.1 30.7
2002 12.5 31.2
2001 12.4 32.1
2000 12.9 32.9
1999 13.5 34.2
1998 13.7 35.1
1997 13.8 36.2
1996 13 37.2
1995 13.5 38.5
1994 13.7 40
1993 14.1 41.2
1992 15 41.7
1991 16.1 42.2
1990 17.6 42.5
1989 17.8 42.6
1988 18 42.8
1987 17.3 43
1986 17 43.1
1985 16.7 43.5
1984 16.5 43.6
1983 16.5 43.5
1982 15.9 43.4
1981 13.9 43.3
1980 13.9 43.4
1979 14.6 43.5
1978 15.1 43.8
1977 17.3 44.1
1976 19.4 44.3
1975 21.6 44.4
1974 24.1 44.4
1973 25.8 44.3
1972 27.2 44.3
1971 28.5 44.3
1970 29.9 44.3
1969 31 44.2
1968 31.6 44.2
1967 32.5 44.2
1966 33.4 44.2
1965 34.4 44.3
1964 34.9 44.3
1963 35.4 44.5
1962 34.6 44.6
1961 33.7 44.8
1960 32.8 44.9

Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2023, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/birth-rate/cuba/laos | CC BY

The latest reported birth rate per 1,000 people in 2023 was 8.71 in Cuba and 21.3 in Laos, compared with 32.8 and 44.9, respectively, in 1960.

Birth rate data compared

Cuba Laos
Fertility rate 1.44 2.42
Fertility rate rank 158/196 78/196
Birth rate 8.71 21.3
Birth rate rank 167/196 65/196
Population change due to births and deaths -15,880 +115,359
Natural population change rank 173/196 75/196
Natural population change rate -0.14% +1.51%
Population growth -0.36% +1.37%
Population growth rank 182/197 77/197
Average age at childbearing 26.3 years 26.1 years
Annual births per 1,000 women ages 15-19 48.1 81.7
Annual births per 1,000 women ages 20-29 79.6 131.8
Annual births per 1,000 women ages 30+ 7.22 21.5
Female of reproductive age (15-49), share of population 21.2% 27%
Any modern method of contraceptive prevalence among married women ages 15-49 60.1% 51%
Share of births attended by skilled health staff 100% 64.4%
Maternal mortality per live birth 0.04% 0.11%
Neonatal mortality rate (before reaching 28 days of age) 0.42% 2%
Infant mortality rate (before reaching 1 year of age) 0.66% 3.52%
Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age 0.83% 3.9%
Life expectancy 78.6 years 69.7 years

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Cuba
Factual

UN forecast
Laos
Factual

UN forecast
1x
Year Young
Cuba Laos
2100 10.9% 14.8%
2099 10.9% 14.9%
2098 10.9% 14.9%
2097 10.9% 15%
2096 10.9% 15.1%
2095 10.9% 15.1%
2094 10.9% 15.2%
2093 10.9% 15.3%
2092 10.9% 15.4%
2091 10.9% 15.4%
2090 11% 15.5%
2089 11% 15.6%
2088 11% 15.7%
2087 11% 15.8%
2086 11% 15.9%
2085 11% 16%
2084 11% 16.1%
2083 11% 16.1%
2082 11.1% 16.2%
2081 11.1% 16.3%
2080 11.1% 16.4%
2079 11.1% 16.5%
2078 11.1% 16.6%
2077 11.1% 16.8%
2076 11.1% 16.9%
2075 11.1% 17%
2074 11.1% 17.1%
2073 11.1% 17.2%
2072 11.1% 17.3%
2071 11.2% 17.5%
2070 11.2% 17.6%
2069 11.2% 17.7%
2068 11.2% 17.9%
2067 11.2% 18.1%
2066 11.2% 18.2%
2065 11.2% 18.4%
2064 11.2% 18.5%
2063 11.3% 18.7%
2062 11.3% 18.9%
2061 11.3% 19.1%
2060 11.3% 19.3%
2059 11.4% 19.5%
2058 11.4% 19.7%
2057 11.5% 19.9%
2056 11.5% 20.1%
2055 11.5% 20.4%
2054 11.6% 20.6%
2053 11.7% 20.8%
2052 11.7% 21%
2051 11.8% 21.3%
2050 11.9% 21.5%
2049 11.9% 21.8%
2048 12% 22%
2047 12% 22.3%
2046 12.1% 22.5%
2045 12.2% 22.8%
2044 12.2% 23.1%
2043 12.3% 23.3%
2042 12.3% 23.6%
2041 12.4% 24%
2040 12.4% 24.3%
2039 12.5% 24.6%
2038 12.5% 24.9%
2037 12.6% 25.3%
2036 12.6% 25.7%
2035 12.7% 26%
2034 12.9% 26.4%
2033 13.1% 26.9%
2032 13.3% 27.3%
2031 13.5% 27.7%
2030 13.8% 28.2%
2029 14% 28.6%
2028 14.3% 28.9%
2027 14.6% 29.3%
2026 14.9% 29.7%
2025 15.2% 30%
2024 15.3% 30.2%
2023 15.5% 30.6%
2022 15.7% 30.9%
2021 15.8% 31.3%
2020 15.8% 31.6%
2019 16% 31.9%
2018 16.1% 32.2%
2017 16.3% 32.5%
2016 16.5% 32.9%
2015 16.7% 33.2%
2014 16.9% 33.7%
2013 17.1% 34.3%
2012 17.3% 34.9%
2011 17.5% 35.6%
2010 17.7% 36.3%
2009 17.9% 37.1%
2008 18.2% 38%
2007 18.5% 39%
2006 18.9% 40%
2005 19.4% 40.9%
2004 19.8% 41.5%
2003 20.2% 42%
2002 20.6% 42.5%
2001 20.9% 42.9%
2000 21.3% 43.2%
1999 21.5% 43.5%
1998 21.8% 43.7%
1997 22% 43.8%
1996 22.1% 43.9%
1995 22.1% 43.9%
1994 22.1% 44%
1993 22.2% 43.9%
1992 22.4% 43.9%
1991 22.5% 43.9%
1990 22.8% 43.9%
1989 23.1% 43.9%
1988 23.6% 43.9%
1987 24.3% 44%
1986 25.2% 44%
1985 26.1% 44%
1984 27.1% 44.1%
1983 28.1% 44.1%
1982 29.3% 44.1%
1981 30.5% 44%
1980 31.9% 43.9%
1979 33.2% 43.8%
1978 34.3% 43.5%
1977 35.4% 43.2%
1976 36.2% 43%
1975 36.8% 42.7%
1974 37.3% 42.5%
1973 37.6% 42.4%
1972 37.8% 42.4%
1971 37.9% 42.3%
1970 38% 42.2%
1969 37.9% 42.2%
1968 37.8% 42.2%
1967 37.7% 42.2%
1966 37.5% 42.2%
1965 37.3% 42.2%
1964 37.1% 42.1%
1963 36.8% 42%
1962 36.5% 41.9%
1961 36.2% 41.8%
1960 36% 41.8%

Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06); United Nations | World Population Prospects (2025–2100, retrieved 2026-03-10).

GeoRank.org/birth-rate/cuba/laos | CC BY

Children aged 0-14 make up 15.3% of the population in Cuba and 30.2% in Laos in 2024, compared to 22.8% and 43.9% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Cuba and Laos compared.

Fertility rates around the globe

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2023, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/birth-rate/cuba/laos | CC BY

Maternal mortality chart: Cuba vs Laos

Cuba
Laos
1x
Year Maternal mortality per 100K births
Cuba Laos
2023 35 112
2022 41 120
2021 172 139
2020 40 132
2019 40 137
2018 39 145
2017 39 154
2016 40 165
2015 41 180
2014 42 193
2013 42 215
2012 42 241
2011 44 267
2010 44 305
2009 45 336
2008 44 374
2007 42 402
2006 42 432
2005 43 458
2004 44 492
2003 44 524
2002 45 550
2001 46 574
2000 48 609
1999 51 638
1998 54 647
1997 57 660
1996 59 682
1995 62 709
1994 64 741
1993 65 751
1992 66 781
1991 66 798
1990 66 834
1989 66 856
1988 68 898
1987 69 930
1986 70 963
1985 70 994

Data sources: World Bank | Gender (1985–2023, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/birth-rate/cuba/laos | CC BY

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 35 deaths per 100,000 live births in Cuba, compared to 112 deaths in Laos.

Under-five mortality rates

Cuba
Laos

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

1x
Year Under 5 mortality rate
Cuba Laos
2023 0.83% 3.9%
2022 0.79% 4.04%
2021 0.76% 4.19%
2020 0.72% 4.34%
2019 0.69% 4.51%
2018 0.66% 4.68%
2017 0.64% 4.88%
2016 0.62% 5.09%
2015 0.61% 5.32%
2014 0.6% 5.58%
2013 0.6% 5.86%
2012 0.6% 6.15%
2011 0.61% 6.47%
2010 0.62% 6.8%
2009 0.63% 7.14%
2008 0.65% 7.5%
2007 0.66% 7.88%
2006 0.69% 8.27%
2005 0.71% 8.68%
2004 0.73% 9.08%
2003 0.76% 9.49%
2002 0.79% 9.91%
2001 0.82% 10.3%
2000 0.86% 10.8%
1999 0.89% 11.2%
1998 0.93% 11.6%
1997 0.97% 12%
1996 1.01% 12.5%
1995 1.06% 12.9%
1994 1.11% 13.4%
1993 1.16% 13.9%
1992 1.22% 14.4%
1991 1.28% 14.9%
1990 1.34% 15.4%
1989 1.41% 15.9%
1988 1.49% 16.4%
1987 1.56% 16.9%
1986 1.64% 17.4%
1985 1.73% 18%
1984 1.81% 18.4%
1983 1.9% 18.9%
1982 2% 19.5%
1981 2.11% 20%
1980 2.22% 20.6%
1979 2.34% 21.1%
1978 2.47% 21.7%
1977 2.62% -
1976 2.77% -
1975 2.94% -
1974 3.11% -
1973 3.29% -
1972 3.47% -
1971 3.65% -
1970 3.82% -
1969 3.97% -
1968 4.11% -
1967 4.22% -
1966 4.31% -
1965 4.38% -
1964 4.43% -
1963 4.45% -
1962 4.45% -
1961 4.44% -
1960 4.41% -

Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2023, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/birth-rate/cuba/laos | CC BY

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 0.83% in Cuba and 3.9% in Laos. Above is a chart with historical data on under-five mortality rates.

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Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Health (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06)
  2. United Nations | World Population Prospects (2025–2100, retrieved 2026-03-10)

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