Fertility & birth rates in Cuba and Nigeria

Fertility rate in Cuba vs Nigeria by year

Chart Table

Cuba

Nigeria

1x

Year	Fertility rate
	Cuba	Nigeria
2023	1.44	4.48
2022	1.41	4.55
2021	1.43	4.64
2020	1.49	4.7
2019	1.54	4.86
2018	1.61	5.02
2017	1.59	5.18
2016	1.6	5.34
2015	1.69	5.5
2014	1.66	5.62
2013	1.68	5.69
2012	1.67	5.8
2011	1.73	5.89
2010	1.67	5.95
2009	1.68	5.99
2008	1.58	6.02
2007	1.44	6.03
2006	1.4	6.05
2005	1.49	6.06
2004	1.55	6.09
2003	1.63	6.1
2002	1.65	6.12
2001	1.6	6.13
2000	1.61	6.12
1999	1.64	6.08
1998	1.62	6.07
1997	1.59	6.14
1996	1.46	6.22
1995	1.48	6.27
1994	1.47	6.32
1993	1.49	6.35
1992	1.56	6.39
1991	1.66	6.43
1990	1.81	6.46
1989	1.83	6.49
1988	1.85	6.5
1987	1.8	6.5
1986	1.78	6.56
1985	1.77	6.62
1984	1.77	6.7
1983	1.8	6.78
1982	1.78	6.8
1981	1.59	6.82
1980	1.64	6.85
1979	1.77	6.89
1978	1.88	6.92
1977	2.21	6.86
1976	2.51	6.81
1975	2.82	6.77
1974	3.16	6.7
1973	3.4	6.63
1972	3.61	6.58
1971	3.8	6.53
1970	3.98	6.47
1969	4.12	6.44
1968	4.19	6.42
1967	4.29	6.4
1966	4.4	6.39
1965	4.5	6.37
1964	4.53	6.36
1963	4.56	6.35
1962	4.42	6.36
1961	4.26	6.35
1960	4.13	6.36

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Cuba was 1.44 children per woman in 2023, compared to 4.48 in Nigeria in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Cuba vs Nigeria population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

Natural population change by year

Chart Table

Cuba

Nigeria

1x

Year	Natural population change
	Cuba	Nigeria
2023	-15,880	4,834,309
2022	-17,961	4,739,502
2021	-71,616	4,641,562
2020	-12,808	4,525,164
2019	-4,245	4,609,941
2018	3,436	4,659,898
2017	2,306	4,706,183
2016	9,677	4,761,594
2015	20,464	4,823,045
2014	22,448	4,862,319
2013	29,827	4,811,751
2012	33,864	4,774,508
2011	40,753	4,728,363
2010	37,021	4,629,173
2009	37,543	4,528,149
2008	32,848	4,412,976
2007	24,617	4,265,428
2006	24,508	4,135,703
2005	36,660	4,013,788
2004	44,258	3,877,376
2003	56,170	3,751,120
2002	58,212	3,606,814
2001	57,325	3,478,370
2000	61,133	3,343,196
1999	69,069	3,155,425
1998	71,284	3,003,946
1997	71,828	2,936,500
1996	61,837	2,882,205
1995	66,809	2,830,771
1994	68,604	2,735,198
1993	73,221	2,673,675
1992	83,461	2,596,173
1991	95,398	2,527,807
1990	112,378	2,491,928
1989	114,865	2,452,324
1988	116,626	2,376,419
1987	109,617	2,322,397
1986	105,997	2,295,003
1985	103,228	2,289,784
1984	101,670	2,278,060
1983	101,858	2,292,089
1982	95,866	2,233,401
1981	74,067	2,179,884
1980	74,271	2,121,618
1979	81,192	2,074,807
1978	86,864	2,019,621
1977	106,875	1,923,917
1976	125,383	1,827,289
1975	144,964	1,718,623
1974	165,099	1,624,813
1973	177,387	1,525,485
1972	187,588	1,448,928
1971	195,106	1,373,896
1970	201,823	1,295,507
1969	205,581	1,213,484
1968	205,487	1,168,254
1967	207,245	1,082,884
1966	209,179	1,095,582
1965	211,322	1,061,840
1964	209,315	1,028,272
1963	205,788	995,116
1962	196,423	966,452
1961	183,806	932,111
1960	172,816	901,301

The chart above illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes in population resulting from births and deaths.

Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was -0.14% in Cuba and +2.12% in Nigeria.

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change has been -0.06% in Cuba and +2.29% in Nigeria.

Birth rate in Cuba vs Nigeria by year

Chart Table

Cuba

Nigeria

Annual births per 1,000 people

1x

Year	Annual births per 1,000 people
	Cuba	Nigeria
2023	8.71	33
2022	8.66	33.2
2021	8.81	33.5
2020	9.26	33.7
2019	9.67	34.7
2018	10.2	35.7
2017	10.1	36.7
2016	10.3	37.8
2015	10.9	39
2014	10.9	39.9
2013	11.2	40.4
2012	11.2	41.1
2011	11.8	41.8
2010	11.4	42.1
2009	11.5	42.5
2008	10.9	42.8
2007	10	42.9
2006	9.87	43.2
2005	10.6	43.4
2004	11.3	43.5
2003	12.1	43.7
2002	12.5	43.8
2001	12.4	43.9
2000	12.9	43.9
1999	13.5	43.4
1998	13.7	43.2
1997	13.8	43.5
1996	13	43.9
1995	13.5	44.1
1994	13.7	44
1993	14.1	44.1
1992	15	44.2
1991	16.1	44.3
1990	17.6	44.5
1989	17.8	44.8
1988	18	44.7
1987	17.3	44.8
1986	17	45.3
1985	16.7	45.9
1984	16.5	46.5
1983	16.5	47.5
1982	15.9	47.5
1981	13.9	47.9
1980	13.9	48.3
1979	14.6	48.8
1978	15.1	49.3
1977	17.3	49.1
1976	19.4	49
1975	21.6	49
1974	24.1	48.7
1973	25.8	48.2
1972	27.2	48
1971	28.5	47.8
1970	29.9	47.4
1969	31	47.3
1968	31.6	47.2
1967	32.5	47.1
1966	33.4	47
1965	34.4	46.9
1964	34.9	46.9
1963	35.4	46.8
1962	34.6	46.7
1961	33.7	46.6
1960	32.8	46.5

The latest reported birth rate per 1,000 people in 2023 was 8.71 in Cuba and 33 in Nigeria, compared with 32.8 and 46.5, respectively, in 1960.

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Chart Table

Cuba

Factual

UN forecast

Nigeria

Factual

UN forecast

1x

Year	Young
	Cuba	Nigeria
2100	10.9%	20.4%
2099	10.9%	20.5%
2098	10.9%	20.6%
2097	10.9%	20.7%
2096	10.9%	20.8%
2095	10.9%	20.9%
2094	10.9%	21%
2093	10.9%	21.1%
2092	10.9%	21.2%
2091	10.9%	21.4%
2090	11%	21.5%
2089	11%	21.6%
2088	11%	21.8%
2087	11%	21.9%
2086	11%	22.1%
2085	11%	22.2%
2084	11%	22.4%
2083	11%	22.6%
2082	11.1%	22.7%
2081	11.1%	22.9%
2080	11.1%	23.1%
2079	11.1%	23.3%
2078	11.1%	23.5%
2077	11.1%	23.7%
2076	11.1%	23.9%
2075	11.1%	24.1%
2074	11.1%	24.3%
2073	11.1%	24.5%
2072	11.1%	24.7%
2071	11.2%	25%
2070	11.2%	25.2%
2069	11.2%	25.4%
2068	11.2%	25.7%
2067	11.2%	25.9%
2066	11.2%	26.1%
2065	11.2%	26.4%
2064	11.2%	26.6%
2063	11.3%	26.9%
2062	11.3%	27.2%
2061	11.3%	27.4%
2060	11.3%	27.7%
2059	11.4%	28%
2058	11.4%	28.3%
2057	11.5%	28.6%
2056	11.5%	29%
2055	11.5%	29.3%
2054	11.6%	29.6%
2053	11.7%	30%
2052	11.7%	30.3%
2051	11.8%	30.7%
2050	11.9%	31.1%
2049	11.9%	31.5%
2048	12%	31.8%
2047	12%	32.2%
2046	12.1%	32.6%
2045	12.2%	32.9%
2044	12.2%	33.3%
2043	12.3%	33.7%
2042	12.3%	34%
2041	12.4%	34.4%
2040	12.4%	34.7%
2039	12.5%	35%
2038	12.5%	35.4%
2037	12.6%	35.7%
2036	12.6%	36%
2035	12.7%	36.3%
2034	12.9%	36.6%
2033	13.1%	37%
2032	13.3%	37.4%
2031	13.5%	37.8%
2030	13.8%	38.3%
2029	14%	38.8%
2028	14.3%	39.3%
2027	14.6%	39.8%
2026	14.9%	40.3%
2025	15.2%	40.8%
2024	15.3%	41%
2023	15.5%	41.5%
2022	15.7%	42%
2021	15.8%	42.4%
2020	15.8%	42.8%
2019	16%	43.2%
2018	16.1%	43.6%
2017	16.3%	43.9%
2016	16.5%	44.1%
2015	16.7%	44.3%
2014	16.9%	44.4%
2013	17.1%	44.5%
2012	17.3%	44.5%
2011	17.5%	44.5%
2010	17.7%	44.4%
2009	17.9%	44.4%
2008	18.2%	44.3%
2007	18.5%	44.2%
2006	18.9%	44.1%
2005	19.4%	44%
2004	19.8%	43.9%
2003	20.2%	43.8%
2002	20.6%	43.8%
2001	20.9%	43.7%
2000	21.3%	43.7%
1999	21.5%	43.8%
1998	21.8%	43.9%
1997	22%	44.1%
1996	22.1%	44.2%
1995	22.1%	44.4%
1994	22.1%	44.6%
1993	22.2%	44.8%
1992	22.4%	45%
1991	22.5%	45.2%
1990	22.8%	45.3%
1989	23.1%	45.5%
1988	23.6%	45.5%
1987	24.3%	45.6%
1986	25.2%	45.6%
1985	26.1%	45.5%
1984	27.1%	45.4%
1983	28.1%	45.2%
1982	29.3%	45%
1981	30.5%	44.8%
1980	31.9%	44.6%
1979	33.2%	44.4%
1978	34.3%	44.2%
1977	35.4%	43.9%
1976	36.2%	43.7%
1975	36.8%	43.4%
1974	37.3%	43.2%
1973	37.6%	43%
1972	37.8%	42.8%
1971	37.9%	42.5%
1970	38%	42.4%
1969	37.9%	42.2%
1968	37.8%	42%
1967	37.7%	41.8%
1966	37.5%	41.7%
1965	37.3%	41.5%
1964	37.1%	41.4%
1963	36.8%	41.2%
1962	36.5%	41.1%
1961	36.2%	41.1%
1960	36%	41.1%

Children aged 0-14 make up 15.3% of the population in Cuba and 41% in Nigeria in 2024, compared to 22.8% and 45.3% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Cuba and Nigeria compared.

Maternal mortality chart: Cuba vs Nigeria

Chart Table

Cuba

Nigeria

1x

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Cuba	Nigeria
2023	35	993
2022	41	1,016
2021	172	1,046
2020	40	1,065
2019	40	1,091
2018	39	1,118
2017	39	1,142
2016	40	1,155
2015	41	1,168
2014	42	1,155
2013	42	1,146
2012	42	1,124
2011	44	1,108
2010	44	1,094
2009	45	1,088
2008	44	1,081
2007	42	1,063
2006	42	1,067
2005	43	1,060
2004	44	1,075
2003	44	1,090
2002	45	1,117
2001	46	1,130
2000	48	1,136
1999	51	1,165
1998	54	1,189
1997	57	1,184
1996	59	1,185
1995	62	1,186
1994	64	1,193
1993	65	1,200
1992	66	1,246
1991	66	1,282
1990	66	1,285
1989	66	1,304
1988	68	1,332
1987	69	1,351
1986	70	1,363
1985	70	1,344

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 35 deaths per 100,000 live births in Cuba, compared to 993 deaths in Nigeria.

Under-five mortality rates

Chart Table

Cuba

Nigeria

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

1x

Year	Under 5 mortality rate
	Cuba	Nigeria
2023	0.83%	10.5%
2022	0.79%	10.8%
2021	0.76%	11.1%
2020	0.72%	11.4%
2019	0.69%	11.8%
2018	0.66%	12%
2017	0.64%	12.3%
2016	0.62%	12.5%
2015	0.61%	12.6%
2014	0.6%	12.8%
2013	0.6%	12.9%
2012	0.6%	13.1%
2011	0.61%	13.3%
2010	0.62%	13.5%
2009	0.63%	13.8%
2008	0.65%	14.1%
2007	0.66%	14.5%
2006	0.69%	15%
2005	0.71%	15.5%
2004	0.73%	16%
2003	0.76%	16.5%
2002	0.79%	17.1%
2001	0.82%	17.7%
2000	0.86%	18.2%
1999	0.89%	18.8%
1998	0.93%	19.3%
1997	0.97%	19.7%
1996	1.01%	20.1%
1995	1.06%	20.4%
1994	1.11%	20.6%
1993	1.16%	20.7%
1992	1.22%	20.8%
1991	1.28%	20.9%
1990	1.34%	21%
1989	1.41%	21%
1988	1.49%	21%
1987	1.56%	20.9%
1986	1.64%	20.9%
1985	1.73%	20.8%
1984	1.81%	20.7%
1983	1.9%	20.7%
1982	2%	20.8%
1981	2.11%	21%
1980	2.22%	21.3%
1979	2.34%	21.8%
1978	2.47%	22.3%
1977	2.62%	22.9%
1976	2.77%	23.6%
1975	2.94%	24.4%
1974	3.11%	25.2%
1973	3.29%	26.1%
1972	3.47%	26.9%
1971	3.65%	27.7%
1970	3.82%	28.5%
1969	3.97%	29.3%
1968	4.11%	30%
1967	4.22%	30.7%
1966	4.31%	31.3%
1965	4.38%	32%
1964	4.43%	32.7%
1963	4.45%	-
1962	4.45%	-
1961	4.44%	-
1960	4.41%	-

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 0.83% in Cuba and 10.5% in Nigeria. Above is a chart with historical data on under-five mortality rates.