Fertility & birth rates in Mongolia and Panama

Fertility rate in Mongolia vs Panama chart

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Mongolia was 2.7 children per woman in 2023, compared to 2.12 in Panama in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Mongolia vs Panama population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart below showcases historical changes in the birth rates.

Table

Year	Fertility rate
	Mongolia	Panama
1960	6.82	5.83
1961	6.96	5.87
1962	7.1	5.87
1963	7.24	5.87
1964	7.33	5.81
1965	7.38	5.73
1966	7.41	5.65
1967	7.39	5.53
1968	7.37	5.41
1969	7.34	5.29
1970	7.31	5.18
1971	7.3	5.05
1972	7.28	4.91
1973	7.24	4.74
1974	7.17	4.58
1975	7.07	4.41
1976	6.93	4.26
1977	6.79	4.12
1978	6.62	3.98
1979	6.42	3.88
1980	6.21	3.8
1981	5.98	3.72
1982	5.8	3.66
1983	5.63	3.6
1984	5.45	3.52
1985	5.26	3.43
1986	5.03	3.34
1987	4.83	3.25
1988	4.65	3.17
1989	4.42	3.12
1990	4.5	3.07
1991	4	3
1992	3.5	2.95
1993	2.5	2.91
1994	2.7	2.88
1995	2.77	2.85
1996	2.5	2.83
1997	2.4	2.81
1998	2.3	2.79
1999	2.3	2.77
2000	2.2	2.74
2001	2.2	2.72
2002	2.1	2.7
2003	2	2.68
2004	2	2.68
2005	2	2.64
2006	2.1	2.62
2007	2.3	2.61
2008	2.6	2.61
2009	2.8	2.59
2010	2.4	2.59
2011	2.6	2.6
2012	2.7	2.59
2013	3	2.57
2014	3.1	2.55
2015	3	2.53
2016	3	2.5
2017	2.8	2.46
2018	2.9	2.4
2019	3	2.29
2020	2.9	2.18
2021	2.8	2.15
2022	2.7	2.14
2023	2.7	2.12
2024	2.65	2.11
2025	2.6	2.09
2026	2.55	2.07
2027	2.51	2.06
2028	2.47	2.04
2029	2.44	2.02
2030	2.4	2.01
2031	2.37	2
2032	2.34	1.99
2033	2.31	1.97
2034	2.29	1.96
2035	2.26	1.95
2036	2.23	1.95
2037	2.21	1.94
2038	2.19	1.93
2039	2.17	1.92
2040	2.15	1.91
2041	2.13	1.91
2042	2.11	1.9
2043	2.09	1.89
2044	2.08	1.89
2045	2.06	1.88
2046	2.05	1.88
2047	2.04	1.87
2048	2.02	1.87
2049	2.01	1.86
2050	2	1.86

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Table

Year	Share of people 0-14 years old
	Mongolia	Panama
1960	38.1%	44.2%
1961	38.8%	44.3%
1962	39.6%	44.5%
1963	40.4%	44.6%
1964	41.4%	44.7%
1965	42.4%	44.8%
1966	43.3%	44.8%
1967	44.2%	44.8%
1968	44.9%	44.7%
1969	45.4%	44.6%
1970	45.6%	44.5%
1971	45.8%	44.3%
1972	45.8%	44.1%
1973	45.8%	43.9%
1974	45.6%	43.6%
1975	45.4%	43.3%
1976	45.2%	42.9%
1977	44.8%	42.4%
1978	44.5%	41.9%
1979	44.1%	41.4%
1980	43.7%	40.8%
1981	43.3%	40.3%
1982	43%	39.8%
1983	42.7%	39.3%
1984	42.5%	38.8%
1985	42.3%	38.3%
1986	42.1%	37.8%
1987	42%	37.4%
1988	41.8%	36.9%
1989	41.7%	36.5%
1990	41.4%	36.1%
1991	41%	35.7%
1992	40.5%	35.3%
1993	40%	34.9%
1994	39.5%	34.6%
1995	39%	34.2%
1996	38.4%	33.9%
1997	37.8%	33.5%
1998	37%	33.1%
1999	36.2%	32.8%
2000	35.2%	32.4%
2001	34.1%	32%
2002	32.9%	31.6%
2003	31.8%	31.3%
2004	30.8%	31%
2005	29.9%	30.6%
2006	29.1%	30.3%
2007	28.5%	30%
2008	28.1%	29.7%
2009	27.9%	29.5%
2010	27.9%	29.2%
2011	28%	28.9%
2012	28.1%	28.7%
2013	28.5%	28.4%
2014	28.9%	28.2%
2015	29.5%	27.9%
2016	30.2%	27.6%
2017	30.9%	27.4%
2018	31.6%	27.1%
2019	32.3%	26.7%
2020	32.8%	26.4%
2021	32.9%	26%
2022	32.9%	25.7%
2023	32.6%	25.3%
2024	32.2%	24.9%
2025	31.6%	24.5%
2026	30.9%	24.1%
2027	30.1%	23.8%
2028	29.2%	23.4%
2029	28.2%	23%
2030	27.3%	22.6%
2031	26.3%	22.2%
2032	25.6%	21.9%
2033	24.9%	21.6%
2034	24.3%	21.3%
2035	23.8%	21%
2036	23.4%	20.9%
2037	23.1%	20.7%
2038	23%	20.5%
2039	22.9%	20.3%
2040	22.8%	20.1%
2041	22.9%	20%
2042	22.9%	19.8%
2043	23%	19.6%
2044	23.1%	19.4%
2045	23.2%	19.3%
2046	23.3%	19.1%
2047	23.4%	18.9%
2048	23.4%	18.8%
2049	23.4%	18.6%
2050	23.3%	18.4%

Children aged 0-14 make up 32.2% of the population in Mongolia and 24.9% in Panama in 2024, compared to 41.4% and 36.1% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Mongolia and Panama compared.

Natural population change in Mongolia vs Panama by year

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change (excluding migration) has been +1.81% in Mongolia and +1.31% in Panama. The chart below illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes resulting from births and deaths.

Table

Year	Population change due to births and deaths
	Mongolia	Panama
1960	20,726	35,431
1961	21,873	37,100
1962	22,960	38,537
1963	24,142	39,872
1964	25,317	40,806
1965	26,364	41,604
1966	27,338	42,457
1967	28,178	43,054
1968	29,017	43,641
1969	29,781	44,278
1970	30,558	45,075
1971	31,536	45,867
1972	32,727	46,311
1973	33,993	46,540
1974	35,297	46,932
1975	36,490	47,149
1976	37,670	47,307
1977	38,995	47,438
1978	40,276	47,694
1979	41,568	48,362
1980	42,343	49,077
1981	43,588	50,018
1982	45,179	50,858
1983	46,919	51,880
1984	48,562	52,436
1985	49,944	52,573
1986	50,329	52,681
1987	51,140	52,690
1988	51,588	52,767
1989	51,420	52,295
1990	49,443	53,451
1991	47,884	53,079
1992	42,437	53,186
1993	36,924	53,591
1994	34,711	53,845
1995	34,473	54,069
1996	33,741	54,512
1997	32,403	55,060
1998	31,757	55,482
1999	32,283	55,911
2000	32,753	56,236
2001	32,052	56,654
2002	30,439	57,011
2003	28,827	57,458
2004	28,418	58,281
2005	29,290	58,014
2006	33,609	58,067
2007	39,636	58,454
2008	45,843	58,961
2009	48,876	59,168
2010	44,914	59,418
2011	50,711	60,411
2012	55,942	60,471
2013	62,618	60,295
2014	66,078	60,227
2015	64,473	59,896
2016	62,086	59,454
2017	57,940	58,607
2018	60,635	57,508
2019	61,433	54,420
2020	60,888	46,599
2021	52,109	46,747
2022	47,730	50,556
2023	46,995	50,197

Maternal mortality chart: Mongolia vs Panama

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 41 deaths per 100,000 live births in Mongolia, compared to 37 deaths in Panama.

Table

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Mongolia	Panama
1985	352	95
1986	346	94
1987	341	93
1988	335	93
1989	311	96
1990	276	89
1991	227	87
1992	199	85
1993	181	81
1994	178	78
1995	176	77
1996	178	73
1997	180	70
1998	174	68
1999	162	65
2000	144	64
2001	130	62
2002	120	59
2003	114	58
2004	108	57
2005	99	57
2006	90	56
2007	81	55
2008	77	55
2009	75	55
2010	71	56
2011	67	55
2012	63	53
2013	59	52
2014	56	49
2015	52	48
2016	48	47
2017	45	47
2018	45	43
2019	45	41
2020	47	74
2021	63	59
2022	41	40
2023	41	37

Under-five mortality rates

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 1.36% in Mongolia and 1.33% in Panama. Below is the historical data on under-five mortality rates.

Table

Year	Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
	Mongolia	Panama
1960	-	9.31%
1961	-	9.04%
1962	-	8.78%
1963	-	8.52%
1964	-	8.28%
1965	-	8.05%
1966	-	7.83%
1967	-	7.62%
1968	-	7.38%
1969	-	7.1%
1970	-	6.78%
1971	-	6.43%
1972	-	6.07%
1973	-	5.72%
1974	-	5.41%
1975	-	5.15%
1976	-	4.93%
1977	-	4.76%
1978	17.3%	4.61%
1979	16.7%	4.47%
1980	16.1%	4.34%
1981	15.5%	4.19%
1982	15%	4.05%
1983	14.4%	3.9%
1984	13.9%	3.75%
1985	13.4%	3.61%
1986	12.8%	3.47%
1987	12.2%	3.35%
1988	11.7%	3.24%
1989	11.1%	3.14%
1990	10.7%	3.05%
1991	10.2%	2.97%
1992	9.78%	2.91%
1993	9.39%	2.87%
1994	9%	2.83%
1995	8.6%	2.8%
1996	8.19%	2.77%
1997	7.74%	2.73%
1998	7.27%	2.68%
1999	6.78%	2.63%
2000	6.29%	2.56%
2001	5.8%	2.49%
2002	5.32%	2.41%
2003	4.87%	2.33%
2004	4.45%	2.25%
2005	4.07%	2.17%
2006	3.71%	2.1%
2007	3.39%	2.03%
2008	3.11%	1.97%
2009	2.85%	1.91%
2010	2.63%	1.86%
2011	2.44%	1.81%
2012	2.28%	1.77%
2013	2.15%	1.75%
2014	2.04%	1.73%
2015	1.94%	1.72%
2016	1.84%	1.7%
2017	1.74%	1.68%
2018	1.64%	1.65%
2019	1.56%	1.59%
2020	1.48%	1.52%
2021	1.43%	1.45%
2022	1.39%	1.39%
2023	1.36%	1.33%