Fertility & birth rates in Mongolia and Saudi Arabia

Fertility rate in Mongolia vs Saudi Arabia chart

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Mongolia was 2.7 children per woman in 2023, compared to 2.28 in Saudi Arabia in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Mongolia vs Saudi Arabia population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart below showcases historical changes in the birth rates.

Table

Year	Fertility rate
	Mongolia	Saudi Arabia
1960	6.82	7.63
1961	6.96	7.63
1962	7.1	7.64
1963	7.24	7.65
1964	7.33	7.67
1965	7.38	7.66
1966	7.41	7.66
1967	7.39	7.66
1968	7.37	7.63
1969	7.34	7.6
1970	7.31	7.58
1971	7.3	7.56
1972	7.28	7.54
1973	7.24	7.48
1974	7.17	7.43
1975	7.07	7.37
1976	6.93	7.33
1977	6.79	7.3
1978	6.62	7.26
1979	6.42	7.23
1980	6.21	7.15
1981	5.98	7.07
1982	5.8	6.98
1983	5.63	6.88
1984	5.45	6.78
1985	5.26	6.65
1986	5.03	6.52
1987	4.83	6.34
1988	4.65	6.15
1989	4.42	5.98
1990	4.5	5.8
1991	4	5.64
1992	3.5	5.49
1993	2.5	5.33
1994	2.7	5.16
1995	2.77	4.99
1996	2.5	4.81
1997	2.4	4.66
1998	2.3	4.52
1999	2.3	4.35
2000	2.2	4.21
2001	2.2	3.96
2002	2.1	3.71
2003	2	3.47
2004	2	3.26
2005	2	3.16
2006	2.1	3.18
2007	2.3	3.19
2008	2.6	3.07
2009	2.8	2.95
2010	2.4	2.81
2011	2.6	2.8
2012	2.7	2.78
2013	3	2.67
2014	3.1	2.68
2015	3	2.63
2016	3	2.65
2017	2.8	2.67
2018	2.9	2.67
2019	3	2.49
2020	2.9	2.27
2021	2.8	2.17
2022	2.7	2.14
2023	2.7	2.28
2024	2.65	2.31
2025	2.6	2.29
2026	2.55	2.27
2027	2.51	2.25
2028	2.47	2.22
2029	2.44	2.2
2030	2.4	2.17
2031	2.37	2.15
2032	2.34	2.13
2033	2.31	2.11
2034	2.29	2.09
2035	2.26	2.07
2036	2.23	2.05
2037	2.21	2.03
2038	2.19	2.01
2039	2.17	1.99
2040	2.15	1.98
2041	2.13	1.97
2042	2.11	1.95
2043	2.09	1.94
2044	2.08	1.93
2045	2.06	1.92
2046	2.05	1.91
2047	2.04	1.9
2048	2.02	1.89
2049	2.01	1.88
2050	2	1.87

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Table

Year	Share of people 0-14 years old
	Mongolia	Saudi Arabia
1960	38.1%	43.4%
1961	38.8%	43.6%
1962	39.6%	43.9%
1963	40.4%	44.3%
1964	41.4%	44.6%
1965	42.4%	44.8%
1966	43.3%	45.1%
1967	44.2%	45.3%
1968	44.9%	45.4%
1969	45.4%	45.5%
1970	45.6%	45.5%
1971	45.8%	45.5%
1972	45.8%	45.3%
1973	45.8%	45.2%
1974	45.6%	45%
1975	45.4%	44.8%
1976	45.2%	44.6%
1977	44.8%	44.5%
1978	44.5%	44.3%
1979	44.1%	44.2%
1980	43.7%	44.1%
1981	43.3%	43.9%
1982	43%	43.8%
1983	42.7%	43.7%
1984	42.5%	43.6%
1985	42.3%	43.6%
1986	42.1%	43.5%
1987	42%	43.4%
1988	41.8%	43.3%
1989	41.7%	43.2%
1990	41.4%	43%
1991	41%	42.7%
1992	40.5%	42.4%
1993	40%	42.1%
1994	39.5%	41.7%
1995	39%	41.2%
1996	38.4%	40.7%
1997	37.8%	40.1%
1998	37%	39.5%
1999	36.2%	38.9%
2000	35.2%	38.3%
2001	34.1%	37.7%
2002	32.9%	36.8%
2003	31.8%	35.7%
2004	30.8%	34.5%
2005	29.9%	33.2%
2006	29.1%	31.9%
2007	28.5%	30.6%
2008	28.1%	29.5%
2009	27.9%	28.5%
2010	27.9%	27.6%
2011	28%	26.9%
2012	28.1%	26.3%
2013	28.5%	25.8%
2014	28.9%	25.4%
2015	29.5%	25.1%
2016	30.2%	24.9%
2017	30.9%	25.2%
2018	31.6%	25.7%
2019	32.3%	25.8%
2020	32.8%	25.5%
2021	32.9%	25.2%
2022	32.9%	24.6%
2023	32.6%	24.1%
2024	32.2%	23.8%
2025	31.6%	23.6%
2026	30.9%	23.4%
2027	30.1%	23.3%
2028	29.2%	23.1%
2029	28.2%	22.9%
2030	27.3%	22.8%
2031	26.3%	22.6%
2032	25.6%	22.5%
2033	24.9%	22.4%
2034	24.3%	22.3%
2035	23.8%	22.2%
2036	23.4%	22.2%
2037	23.1%	22.1%
2038	23%	22%
2039	22.9%	21.9%
2040	22.8%	21.7%
2041	22.9%	21.5%
2042	22.9%	21.3%
2043	23%	21.2%
2044	23.1%	21%
2045	23.2%	20.8%
2046	23.3%	20.7%
2047	23.4%	20.5%
2048	23.4%	20.4%
2049	23.4%	20.2%
2050	23.3%	20.1%

Children aged 0-14 make up 32.2% of the population in Mongolia and 23.8% in Saudi Arabia in 2024, compared to 41.4% and 43% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Mongolia and Saudi Arabia compared.

Natural population change in Mongolia vs Saudi Arabia by year

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change (excluding migration) has been +1.81% in Mongolia and +1.57% in Saudi Arabia. The chart below illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes resulting from births and deaths.

Table

Year	Population change due to births and deaths
	Mongolia	Saudi Arabia
1960	20,726	74,143
1961	21,873	77,743
1962	22,960	81,393
1963	24,142	85,480
1964	25,317	89,776
1965	26,364	93,820
1966	27,338	98,361
1967	28,178	103,343
1968	29,017	108,281
1969	29,781	113,859
1970	30,558	120,440
1971	31,536	127,600
1972	32,727	136,360
1973	33,993	145,450
1974	35,297	155,478
1975	36,490	166,223
1976	37,670	178,024
1977	38,995	191,103
1978	40,276	205,331
1979	41,568	220,186
1980	42,343	234,372
1981	43,588	249,156
1982	45,179	264,831
1983	46,919	280,616
1984	48,562	296,615
1985	49,944	310,558
1986	50,329	322,340
1987	51,140	333,088
1988	51,588	342,865
1989	51,420	349,399
1990	49,443	355,495
1991	47,884	361,329
1992	42,437	366,763
1993	36,924	372,621
1994	34,711	377,351
1995	34,473	380,231
1996	33,741	382,248
1997	32,403	385,033
1998	31,757	389,499
1999	32,283	390,112
2000	32,753	392,407
2001	32,052	382,153
2002	30,439	372,099
2003	28,827	364,520
2004	28,418	362,843
2005	29,290	375,938
2006	33,609	399,333
2007	39,636	425,199
2008	45,843	433,457
2009	48,876	438,557
2010	44,914	418,641
2011	50,711	443,675
2012	55,942	465,649
2013	62,618	475,299
2014	66,078	493,431
2015	64,473	511,023
2016	62,086	537,829
2017	57,940	546,751
2018	60,635	528,767
2019	61,433	474,407
2020	60,888	447,036
2021	52,109	409,032
2022	47,730	406,920
2023	46,995	474,366

Maternal mortality chart: Mongolia vs Saudi Arabia

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 41 deaths per 100,000 live births in Mongolia, compared to 7 deaths in Saudi Arabia.

Table

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Mongolia	Saudi Arabia
1985	352	40
1986	346	38
1987	341	36
1988	335	34
1989	311	32
1990	276	30
1991	227	29
1992	199	27
1993	181	26
1994	178	25
1995	176	24
1996	178	23
1997	180	23
1998	174	22
1999	162	21
2000	144	20
2001	130	19
2002	120	18
2003	114	16
2004	108	16
2005	99	15
2006	90	14
2007	81	13
2008	77	12
2009	75	11
2010	71	11
2011	67	10
2012	63	9
2013	59	9
2014	56	8
2015	52	8
2016	48	8
2017	45	8
2018	45	8
2019	45	8
2020	47	11
2021	63	12
2022	41	9
2023	41	7

Under-five mortality rates

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 1.36% in Mongolia and 0.62% in Saudi Arabia. Below is the historical data on under-five mortality rates.

Table

Year	Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
	Mongolia	Saudi Arabia
1972	-	16%
1973	-	14.9%
1974	-	14%
1975	-	13.1%
1976	-	12.2%
1977	-	11.4%
1978	17.3%	10.7%
1979	16.7%	9.99%
1980	16.1%	9.34%
1981	15.5%	8.71%
1982	15%	8.12%
1983	14.4%	7.56%
1984	13.9%	7.04%
1985	13.4%	6.55%
1986	12.8%	6.07%
1987	12.2%	5.62%
1988	11.7%	5.19%
1989	11.1%	4.8%
1990	10.7%	4.44%
1991	10.2%	4.11%
1992	9.78%	3.81%
1993	9.39%	3.54%
1994	9%	3.29%
1995	8.6%	3.06%
1996	8.19%	2.86%
1997	7.74%	2.67%
1998	7.27%	2.5%
1999	6.78%	2.35%
2000	6.29%	2.21%
2001	5.8%	2.08%
2002	5.32%	1.96%
2003	4.87%	1.85%
2004	4.45%	1.75%
2005	4.07%	1.65%
2006	3.71%	1.56%
2007	3.39%	1.47%
2008	3.11%	1.38%
2009	2.85%	1.3%
2010	2.63%	1.22%
2011	2.44%	1.15%
2012	2.28%	1.08%
2013	2.15%	1.02%
2014	2.04%	0.96%
2015	1.94%	0.9%
2016	1.84%	0.85%
2017	1.74%	0.8%
2018	1.64%	0.76%
2019	1.56%	0.72%
2020	1.48%	0.69%
2021	1.43%	0.66%
2022	1.39%	0.64%
2023	1.36%	0.62%