Fertility & birth rates in Mongolia and Romania

Fertility rate in Mongolia vs Romania by year

Chart Table

Mongolia

Romania

1x

Year	Fertility rate
	Mongolia	Romania
2023	2.7	1.71
2022	2.7	1.71
2021	2.8	1.81
2020	2.9	1.8
2019	3	1.77
2018	2.9	1.76
2017	2.8	1.78
2016	3	1.69
2015	3	1.62
2014	3.1	1.56
2013	3	1.46
2012	2.7	1.52
2011	2.6	1.47
2010	2.4	1.59
2009	2.8	1.66
2008	2.6	1.6
2007	2.3	1.45
2006	2.1	1.42
2005	2	1.4
2004	2	1.33
2003	2	1.3
2002	2.1	1.27
2001	2.2	1.27
2000	2.2	1.31
1999	2.3	1.3
1998	2.3	1.32
1997	2.4	1.32
1996	2.5	1.3
1995	2.77	1.33
1994	2.7	1.4
1993	2.5	1.43
1992	3.5	1.51
1991	4	1.59
1990	4.5	1.83
1989	4.42	2.22
1988	4.65	2.3
1987	4.83	2.38
1986	5.03	2.39
1985	5.26	2.31
1984	5.45	2.26
1983	5.63	2.06
1982	5.8	2.17
1981	5.98	2.36
1980	6.21	2.43
1979	6.42	2.49
1978	6.62	2.52
1977	6.79	2.57
1976	6.93	2.54
1975	7.07	2.59
1974	7.17	2.71
1973	7.24	2.44
1972	7.28	2.55
1971	7.3	2.67
1970	7.31	2.89
1969	7.34	3.19
1968	7.37	3.63
1967	7.39	3.66
1966	7.41	1.9
1965	7.38	1.91
1964	7.33	1.96
1963	7.24	2.01
1962	7.1	2.04
1961	6.96	2.17
1960	6.82	2.34

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Mongolia was 2.7 children per woman in 2023, compared to 1.71 in Romania in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Mongolia vs Romania population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

Natural population change by year

Chart Table

Mongolia

Romania

1x

Year	Natural population change
	Mongolia	Romania
2023	46,995	-89,587
2022	47,730	-93,338
2021	52,109	-141,504
2020	60,888	-100,179
2019	61,433	-60,053
2018	60,635	-62,316
2017	57,940	-50,930
2016	62,086	-53,196
2015	64,473	-59,447
2014	66,078	-55,745
2013	62,618	-59,951
2012	55,942	-54,157
2011	50,711	-56,413
2010	44,914	-46,567
2009	48,876	-34,625
2008	45,843	-30,806
2007	39,636	-37,590
2006	33,609	-38,148
2005	29,290	-40,508
2004	28,418	-42,904
2003	28,827	-56,093
2002	30,439	-58,673
2001	32,052	-37,625
2000	32,753	-22,443
1999	32,283	-31,461
1998	31,757	-33,761
1997	32,403	-42,853
1996	33,741	-56,548
1995	34,473	-36,295
1994	34,711	-18,184
1993	36,924	-13,658
1992	42,437	-4,559
1991	47,884	25,301
1990	49,443	69,605
1989	51,420	122,756
1988	51,588	126,817
1987	51,140	128,517
1986	50,329	134,737
1985	49,944	111,392
1984	48,562	117,731
1983	46,919	87,986
1982	45,179	119,121
1981	43,588	156,472
1980	42,343	168,776
1979	41,568	194,397
1978	40,276	204,148
1977	38,995	215,385
1976	37,670	213,361
1975	36,490	219,324
1974	35,297	235,530
1973	33,993	175,020
1972	32,727	198,316
1971	31,536	206,662
1970	30,558	234,905
1969	29,781	264,120
1968	29,017	338,577
1967	28,178	347,709
1966	27,338	115,293
1965	26,364	114,190
1964	25,317	134,326
1963	24,142	139,104
1962	22,960	130,736
1961	21,873	163,286
1960	20,726	191,431

The chart above illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes in population resulting from births and deaths.

Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was +1.35% in Mongolia and -0.47% in Romania.

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change has been +1.81% in Mongolia and -0.4% in Romania.

Birth rate in Mongolia vs Romania by year

Chart Table

Mongolia

Romania

Annual births per 1,000 people

1x

Year	Annual births per 1,000 people
	Mongolia	Romania
2023	19	8
2022	19.5	9.4
2021	21.6	10.1
2020	23.4	10.3
2019	24.4	10.3
2018	24.5	10.4
2017	23.9	10.8
2016	25.9	10.4
2015	27.1	10.2
2014	28	10
2013	27.5	9.4
2012	26	10
2011	25.1	9.7
2010	23.1	10.5
2009	24.8	10.9
2008	23.9	10.8
2007	21.9	10.3
2006	20	10.4
2005	18.6	10.4
2004	18.4	10.1
2003	18.6	9.8
2002	19.4	9.7
2001	20.3	10
2000	20.8	10.4
1999	21.1	10.4
1998	21.4	10.5
1997	22.2	10.5
1996	23.3	10.2
1995	24	10.4
1994	24.5	10.9
1993	25.8	11
1992	28.8	11.4
1991	31.9	12
1990	34.1	13.6
1989	35.3	16
1988	36.4	16.5
1987	37.2	16.7
1986	37.7	16.5
1985	38.5	15.8
1984	38.7	15.5
1983	38.6	14.3
1982	38.5	15.3
1981	38.4	17
1980	38.4	18
1979	38.7	18.6
1978	38.9	19
1977	39	19.5
1976	39.1	19.4
1975	39.3	19.6
1974	39.5	20.3
1973	39.6	18.2
1972	39.8	18.8
1971	40	19.6
1970	40.4	21.1
1969	40.9	23.3
1968	41.6	26.6
1967	42.3	27
1966	43.1	14.2
1965	43.6	14.6
1964	44	15.2
1963	44.2	15.7
1962	44.1	16.2
1961	44.2	17.5
1960	44.1	19.1

The latest reported birth rate per 1,000 people in 2023 was 19 in Mongolia and 8 in Romania, compared with 44.1 and 19.1, respectively, in 1960.

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Chart Table

Mongolia

Factual

UN forecast

Romania

Factual

UN forecast

1x

Year	Young
	Mongolia	Romania
2100	16.3%	12.8%
2099	16.4%	12.8%
2098	16.4%	12.8%
2097	16.5%	12.9%
2096	16.6%	12.9%
2095	16.7%	13%
2094	16.8%	13.1%
2093	16.9%	13.1%
2092	17%	13.2%
2091	17.2%	13.2%
2090	17.3%	13.3%
2089	17.4%	13.4%
2088	17.6%	13.4%
2087	17.7%	13.5%
2086	17.9%	13.5%
2085	18%	13.5%
2084	18.1%	13.6%
2083	18.2%	13.6%
2082	18.3%	13.6%
2081	18.4%	13.6%
2080	18.5%	13.6%
2079	18.6%	13.6%
2078	18.6%	13.6%
2077	18.7%	13.6%
2076	18.7%	13.6%
2075	18.7%	13.6%
2074	18.7%	13.6%
2073	18.8%	13.6%
2072	18.8%	13.6%
2071	18.9%	13.6%
2070	18.9%	13.6%
2069	19%	13.6%
2068	19.1%	13.6%
2067	19.3%	13.6%
2066	19.4%	13.7%
2065	19.6%	13.7%
2064	19.8%	13.8%
2063	20.1%	13.8%
2062	20.4%	13.9%
2061	20.7%	13.9%
2060	21%	14%
2059	21.3%	14.1%
2058	21.6%	14.1%
2057	21.9%	14.2%
2056	22.2%	14.3%
2055	22.5%	14.3%
2054	22.7%	14.4%
2053	23%	14.4%
2052	23.1%	14.4%
2051	23.3%	14.4%
2050	23.3%	14.4%
2049	23.4%	14.4%
2048	23.4%	14.4%
2047	23.3%	14.4%
2046	23.3%	14.4%
2045	23.2%	14.3%
2044	23.1%	14.3%
2043	23%	14.3%
2042	22.9%	14.3%
2041	22.8%	14.2%
2040	22.8%	14.2%
2039	22.9%	14.2%
2038	23%	14.3%
2037	23.3%	14.3%
2036	23.6%	14.3%
2035	24%	14.4%
2034	24.6%	14.5%
2033	25.2%	14.6%
2032	25.9%	14.8%
2031	26.8%	15%
2030	27.8%	15.1%
2029	28.8%	15.2%
2028	29.7%	15.3%
2027	30.5%	15.4%
2026	31.2%	15.5%
2025	31.9%	15.6%
2024	32.2%	15.7%
2023	32.6%	15.9%
2022	32.9%	16%
2021	32.9%	16.1%
2020	32.8%	16.1%
2019	32.3%	16%
2018	31.6%	15.9%
2017	30.9%	15.8%
2016	30.2%	15.7%
2015	29.5%	15.7%
2014	28.9%	15.7%
2013	28.5%	15.7%
2012	28.1%	15.7%
2011	28%	15.8%
2010	27.9%	15.7%
2009	27.9%	15.7%
2008	28.1%	15.7%
2007	28.5%	15.7%
2006	29.1%	15.8%
2005	29.9%	16%
2004	30.8%	16.4%
2003	31.8%	16.9%
2002	32.9%	17.5%
2001	34.1%	18.1%
2000	35.2%	18.6%
1999	36.2%	19.1%
1998	37%	19.3%
1997	37.8%	19.6%
1996	38.4%	20%
1995	39%	20.5%
1994	39.5%	21%
1993	40%	21.6%
1992	40.5%	22.2%
1991	41%	22.8%
1990	41.4%	23.3%
1989	41.7%	23.7%
1988	41.8%	23.9%
1987	42%	24%
1986	42.1%	24.3%
1985	42.3%	24.6%
1984	42.5%	25.1%
1983	42.7%	25.9%
1982	43%	26.8%
1981	43.3%	27.1%
1980	43.7%	26.8%
1979	44.1%	26.5%
1978	44.5%	26.3%
1977	44.8%	26%
1976	45.2%	25.7%
1975	45.4%	25.3%
1974	45.6%	25.1%
1973	45.8%	24.9%
1972	45.8%	24.9%
1971	45.8%	24.9%
1970	45.6%	25.1%
1969	45.4%	25.1%
1968	44.9%	25.1%
1967	44.2%	25%
1966	43.3%	25.2%
1965	42.4%	26%
1964	41.4%	26.7%
1963	40.4%	27.3%
1962	39.6%	27.7%
1961	38.8%	28%
1960	38.1%	28.1%

Children aged 0-14 make up 32.2% of the population in Mongolia and 15.7% in Romania in 2024, compared to 41.4% and 23.3% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Mongolia and Romania compared.

Maternal mortality chart: Mongolia vs Romania

Chart Table

Mongolia

Romania

1x

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Mongolia	Romania
2023	41	12
2022	41	13
2021	63	20
2020	47	16
2019	45	14
2018	45	15
2017	45	17
2016	48	17
2015	52	18
2014	56	18
2013	59	18
2012	63	19
2011	67	20
2010	71	23
2009	75	25
2008	77	25
2007	81	25
2006	90	27
2005	99	30
2004	108	32
2003	114	35
2002	120	38
2001	130	41
2000	144	45
1999	162	51
1998	174	58
1997	180	66
1996	178	72
1995	176	75
1994	178	80
1993	181	87
1992	199	95
1991	227	104
1990	276	118
1989	311	143
1988	335	159
1987	341	173
1986	346	180
1985	352	184

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 41 deaths per 100,000 live births in Mongolia, compared to 12 deaths in Romania.

Under-five mortality rates

Chart Table

Mongolia

Romania

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

1x

Year	Under 5 mortality rate
	Mongolia	Romania
2023	1.36%	0.66%
2022	1.39%	0.66%
2021	1.43%	0.65%
2020	1.48%	0.66%
2019	1.56%	0.68%
2018	1.64%	0.73%
2017	1.74%	0.79%
2016	1.84%	0.85%
2015	1.94%	0.92%
2014	2.04%	0.99%
2013	2.15%	1.05%
2012	2.28%	1.12%
2011	2.44%	1.18%
2010	2.63%	1.24%
2009	2.85%	1.31%
2008	3.11%	1.4%
2007	3.39%	1.51%
2006	3.71%	1.66%
2005	4.07%	1.82%
2004	4.45%	1.94%
2003	4.87%	1.99%
2002	5.32%	2.01%
2001	5.8%	2.06%
2000	6.29%	2.16%
1999	6.78%	2.29%
1998	7.27%	2.44%
1997	7.74%	2.58%
1996	8.19%	2.68%
1995	8.6%	2.73%
1994	9%	2.76%
1993	9.39%	2.79%
1992	9.78%	2.84%
1991	10.2%	2.97%
1990	10.7%	3.14%
1989	11.1%	3.31%
1988	11.7%	3.43%
1987	12.2%	3.45%
1986	12.8%	3.33%
1985	13.4%	3.16%
1984	13.9%	3.08%
1983	14.4%	3.14%
1982	15%	3.28%
1981	15.5%	3.44%
1980	16.1%	3.57%
1979	16.7%	3.68%
1978	17.3%	3.76%
1977	-	3.86%
1976	-	4.05%
1975	-	4.27%
1974	-	4.43%
1973	-	4.49%
1972	-	4.64%
1971	-	5.06%
1970	-	5.69%
1969	-	6.23%
1968	-	6.44%
1967	-	6.27%
1966	-	5.83%
1965	-	5.44%
1964	-	5.45%
1963	-	6.03%
1962	-	6.98%
1961	-	7.98%
1960	-	8.82%

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 1.36% in Mongolia and 0.66% in Romania. Above is a chart with historical data on under-five mortality rates.