Fertility & birth rates in Somalia and Tanzania

Fertility rate in Somalia vs Tanzania chart

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Somalia was 6.13 children per woman in 2023, compared to 4.61 in Tanzania in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Somalia vs Tanzania population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart below showcases historical changes in the birth rates.

Table

Year	Fertility rate
	Somalia	Tanzania
1960	7.25	6.54
1961	7.25	6.56
1962	7.26	6.61
1963	7.26	6.65
1964	7.26	6.68
1965	7.26	6.73
1966	7.26	6.8
1967	7.25	6.86
1968	7.23	6.9
1969	7.21	6.95
1970	7.18	7
1971	7.15	7.04
1972	7.12	7.05
1973	7.09	7.06
1974	7.06	7.12
1975	7.03	7.1
1976	7.02	7.09
1977	7	7.07
1978	7.13	7.06
1979	7.16	7.04
1980	7.18	6.99
1981	7.23	6.93
1982	7.25	6.87
1983	7.28	6.81
1984	7.3	6.72
1985	7.33	6.6
1986	7.35	6.49
1987	7.37	6.41
1988	7.4	6.38
1989	7.42	6.3
1990	7.44	6.2
1991	7.47	6.14
1992	7.5	6.08
1993	7.53	6
1994	7.54	5.89
1995	7.58	5.82
1996	7.62	5.83
1997	7.66	5.84
1998	7.66	5.81
1999	7.66	5.75
2000	7.65	5.67
2001	7.64	5.62
2002	7.63	5.57
2003	7.6	5.58
2004	7.57	5.6
2005	7.53	5.58
2006	7.49	5.51
2007	7.46	5.4
2008	7.42	5.32
2009	7.38	5.26
2010	7.32	5.23
2011	7.27	5.14
2012	7.21	5.14
2013	7.14	5.16
2014	7.06	5.12
2015	6.98	5.03
2016	6.88	5.01
2017	6.77	4.99
2018	6.66	4.93
2019	6.56	4.87
2020	6.45	4.8
2021	6.35	4.73
2022	6.26	4.67
2023	6.13	4.61
2024	6.01	4.54
2025	5.91	4.47
2026	5.8	4.41
2027	5.68	4.34
2028	5.58	4.28
2029	5.47	4.22
2030	5.35	4.16
2031	5.25	4.11
2032	5.14	4.04
2033	5.04	3.98
2034	4.94	3.94
2035	4.84	3.88
2036	4.74	3.83
2037	4.63	3.76
2038	4.52	3.72
2039	4.44	3.67
2040	4.35	3.63
2041	4.26	3.57
2042	4.16	3.54
2043	4.07	3.49
2044	3.99	3.46
2045	3.91	3.4
2046	3.84	3.39
2047	3.78	3.35
2048	3.71	3.31
2049	3.65	3.25
2050	3.6	3.23

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Table

Year	Share of people 0-14 years old
	Somalia	Tanzania
1960	44.4%	44.9%
1961	44.7%	44.8%
1962	44.8%	44.8%
1963	45%	44.8%
1964	45.1%	45%
1965	45.1%	45.2%
1966	44.9%	45.4%
1967	44.8%	45.6%
1968	44.7%	45.8%
1969	44.6%	45.9%
1970	44.5%	46%
1971	44.5%	46.1%
1972	44.4%	46.1%
1973	44.4%	46.2%
1974	44.4%	46.3%
1975	44.3%	46.4%
1976	44.3%	46.5%
1977	44.3%	46.6%
1978	44.4%	46.7%
1979	44.5%	46.9%
1980	44.6%	47.2%
1981	44.8%	47.4%
1982	45%	47.5%
1983	45.2%	47.6%
1984	45.4%	47.5%
1985	45.6%	47.4%
1986	45.8%	47.2%
1987	46%	46.9%
1988	46.3%	46.7%
1989	46.7%	46.5%
1990	47%	46.3%
1991	47%	46.2%
1992	46.5%	46%
1993	46.4%	45.5%
1994	46.5%	44.9%
1995	46.7%	44.5%
1996	46.9%	44.7%
1997	47%	44.8%
1998	47.1%	44.7%
1999	47.2%	44.7%
2000	47.4%	44.6%
2001	47.5%	44.5%
2002	47.6%	44.6%
2003	47.7%	44.6%
2004	47.9%	44.7%
2005	48.2%	44.8%
2006	48.6%	44.9%
2007	48.9%	45%
2008	48.9%	45.1%
2009	48.8%	45.3%
2010	48.7%	45.3%
2011	48.3%	45.2%
2012	47.9%	45.1%
2013	47.8%	44.9%
2014	47.7%	44.8%
2015	47.6%	44.5%
2016	47.5%	44.2%
2017	47.4%	44%
2018	47.3%	43.8%
2019	47.1%	43.6%
2020	47%	43.4%
2021	47%	43.1%
2022	46.8%	42.9%
2023	46.7%	42.7%
2024	46.6%	42.5%
2025	46.6%	42.3%
2026	46.5%	42.1%
2027	46.4%	41.9%
2028	46.1%	41.7%
2029	45.8%	41.4%
2030	45.4%	41.1%
2031	45.1%	40.9%
2032	44.7%	40.5%
2033	44.3%	40.2%
2034	43.9%	39.8%
2035	43.5%	39.5%
2036	43.1%	39.1%
2037	42.6%	38.8%
2038	42.1%	38.4%
2039	41.7%	38.1%
2040	41.2%	37.8%
2041	40.8%	37.5%
2042	40.3%	37.1%
2043	39.9%	36.8%
2044	39.4%	36.5%
2045	39%	36.2%
2046	38.6%	35.9%
2047	38.2%	35.6%
2048	37.8%	35.4%
2049	37.4%	35.1%
2050	37%	34.8%

Children aged 0-14 make up 46.6% of the population in Somalia and 42.5% in Tanzania in 2024, compared to 47% and 46.3% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Somalia and Tanzania compared.

Natural population change in Somalia vs Tanzania by year

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change (excluding migration) has been +3.34% in Somalia and +3.05% in Tanzania. The chart below illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes resulting from births and deaths.

Table

Year	Population change due to births and deaths
	Somalia	Tanzania
1960	73,850	275,814
1961	75,513	286,839
1962	77,737	300,663
1963	79,859	314,644
1964	82,042	328,527
1965	84,448	343,456
1966	86,930	360,229
1967	89,497	374,763
1968	92,208	389,467
1969	95,045	408,322
1970	98,025	427,988
1971	101,196	449,014
1972	104,493	467,305
1973	108,038	488,429
1974	104,813	515,152
1975	108,998	533,906
1976	113,319	553,617
1977	124,818	574,938
1978	132,689	595,024
1979	151,016	613,388
1980	174,790	629,444
1981	185,211	645,496
1982	182,793	662,627
1983	190,775	679,720
1984	199,017	687,435
1985	207,960	697,867
1986	218,416	705,677
1987	231,580	718,580
1988	215,599	736,551
1989	225,255	743,854
1990	225,162	750,825
1991	53,052	762,011
1992	57,495	767,961
1993	232,960	778,044
1994	246,950	803,953
1995	254,509	838,980
1996	264,807	868,524
1997	271,894	882,544
1998	284,779	920,806
1999	295,523	948,659
2000	306,651	985,185
2001	319,059	1,026,242
2002	331,215	1,063,195
2003	341,192	1,118,435
2004	351,959	1,175,379
2005	363,117	1,224,165
2006	372,597	1,257,927
2007	380,303	1,278,285
2008	394,258	1,303,728
2009	405,784	1,332,015
2010	385,571	1,363,477
2011	203,213	1,384,886
2012	399,468	1,439,325
2013	448,518	1,509,008
2014	464,481	1,565,630
2015	481,573	1,592,882
2016	495,132	1,659,502
2017	478,556	1,726,909
2018	514,244	1,777,852
2019	548,756	1,816,669
2020	561,311	1,861,377
2021	566,399	1,880,137
2022	551,450	1,927,960
2023	608,203	1,960,623

Maternal mortality chart: Somalia vs Tanzania

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 563 deaths per 100,000 live births in Somalia, compared to 276 deaths in Tanzania.

Table

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Somalia	Tanzania
1985	1,465	980
1986	1,452	971
1987	1,393	964
1988	1,423	949
1989	1,395	927
1990	1,358	900
1991	1,431	873
1992	1,339	864
1993	1,195	851
1994	1,254	816
1995	1,210	797
1996	1,225	775
1997	1,206	777
1998	1,177	739
1999	1,170	635
2000	1,150	568
2001	1,129	493
2002	1,121	454
2003	1,111	397
2004	1,104	365
2005	1,086	350
2006	1,085	366
2007	1,074	453
2008	1,035	511
2009	995	502
2010	1,062	486
2011	972	475
2012	894	448
2013	855	479
2014	816	454
2015	784	433
2016	754	396
2017	716	345
2018	727	319
2019	656	292
2020	655	160
2021	726	162
2022	622	152
2023	563	276

Under-five mortality rates

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 10.4% in Somalia and 3.89% in Tanzania. Below is the historical data on under-five mortality rates.

Table

Year	Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
	Somalia	Tanzania
1960	-	24.2%
1961	-	24%
1962	-	23.8%
1963	-	23.6%
1964	-	23.4%
1965	-	23.1%
1966	-	22.8%
1967	-	22.5%
1968	-	22.2%
1969	-	21.9%
1970	-	21.6%
1971	-	21.2%
1972	-	20.9%
1973	-	20.5%
1974	-	20.1%
1975	-	19.6%
1976	-	19.2%
1977	-	18.8%
1978	-	18.4%
1979	-	18.1%
1980	-	17.9%
1981	-	17.8%
1982	20.1%	17.8%
1983	19.8%	17.8%
1984	19.5%	17.8%
1985	19.3%	17.7%
1986	19%	17.6%
1987	18.8%	17.4%
1988	18.6%	17.2%
1989	18.3%	16.9%
1990	18%	16.7%
1991	44.3%	16.5%
1992	45.6%	16.3%
1993	17.3%	16.1%
1994	17.2%	15.9%
1995	17.2%	15.6%
1996	17.2%	15.2%
1997	17.2%	14.8%
1998	17.2%	14.2%
1999	17.2%	13.6%
2000	17.2%	12.8%
2001	17.2%	12.1%
2002	17.2%	11.3%
2003	17.2%	10.5%
2004	17.2%	9.86%
2005	17.2%	9.24%
2006	17.2%	8.69%
2007	17%	8.16%
2008	16.6%	7.7%
2009	16.2%	7.24%
2010	18.6%	6.86%
2011	35.9%	6.5%
2012	18.4%	6.21%
2013	14.3%	5.95%
2014	13.8%	5.67%
2015	13.4%	5.48%
2016	13%	5.25%
2017	15.5%	5.02%
2018	13.6%	4.8%
2019	11.8%	4.6%
2020	11.4%	4.42%
2021	11.1%	4.22%
2022	14.3%	4.05%
2023	10.4%	3.89%