Fertility & birth rates in Eswatini and Somalia

Fertility rate in Eswatini vs Somalia chart

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Eswatini was 2.75 children per woman in 2023, compared to 6.13 in Somalia in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Eswatini vs Somalia population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart below showcases historical changes in the birth rates.

Table

Year	Fertility rate
	Eswatini	Somalia
1960	6.75	7.25
1961	6.77	7.25
1962	6.79	7.26
1963	6.8	7.26
1964	6.79	7.26
1965	6.79	7.26
1966	6.8	7.26
1967	6.77	7.25
1968	6.76	7.23
1969	6.76	7.21
1970	6.75	7.18
1971	6.74	7.15
1972	6.72	7.12
1973	6.72	7.09
1974	6.71	7.06
1975	6.71	7.03
1976	6.7	7.02
1977	6.68	7
1978	6.65	7.13
1979	6.61	7.16
1980	6.57	7.18
1981	6.54	7.23
1982	6.49	7.25
1983	6.43	7.28
1984	6.36	7.3
1985	6.28	7.33
1986	6.11	7.35
1987	5.9	7.37
1988	5.69	7.4
1989	5.48	7.42
1990	5.3	7.44
1991	5.13	7.47
1992	4.98	7.5
1993	4.82	7.53
1994	4.66	7.54
1995	4.52	7.58
1996	4.38	7.62
1997	4.24	7.66
1998	4.13	7.66
1999	4.09	7.66
2000	4.03	7.65
2001	3.94	7.64
2002	3.85	7.63
2003	3.8	7.6
2004	3.76	7.57
2005	3.7	7.53
2006	3.63	7.49
2007	3.58	7.46
2008	3.57	7.42
2009	3.5	7.38
2010	3.38	7.32
2011	3.32	7.27
2012	3.27	7.21
2013	3.24	7.14
2014	3.18	7.06
2015	3.12	6.98
2016	3.07	6.88
2017	3.02	6.77
2018	2.97	6.66
2019	2.93	6.56
2020	2.89	6.45
2021	2.84	6.35
2022	2.8	6.26
2023	2.75	6.13
2024	2.72	6.01
2025	2.68	5.91
2026	2.64	5.8
2027	2.61	5.68
2028	2.57	5.58
2029	2.54	5.47
2030	2.51	5.35
2031	2.49	5.25
2032	2.45	5.14
2033	2.42	5.04
2034	2.4	4.94
2035	2.37	4.84
2036	2.35	4.74
2037	2.32	4.63
2038	2.3	4.52
2039	2.28	4.44
2040	2.26	4.35
2041	2.24	4.26
2042	2.22	4.16
2043	2.2	4.07
2044	2.18	3.99
2045	2.16	3.91
2046	2.14	3.84
2047	2.13	3.78
2048	2.11	3.71
2049	2.1	3.65
2050	2.08	3.6

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Table

Year	Share of people 0-14 years old
	Eswatini	Somalia
1960	46.9%	44.4%
1961	47.2%	44.7%
1962	47.4%	44.8%
1963	47.7%	45%
1964	47.8%	45.1%
1965	47.7%	45.1%
1966	47.7%	44.9%
1967	47.5%	44.8%
1968	47.3%	44.7%
1969	47.2%	44.6%
1970	47.2%	44.5%
1971	47.2%	44.5%
1972	47.3%	44.4%
1973	47.4%	44.4%
1974	47.5%	44.4%
1975	47.7%	44.3%
1976	47.9%	44.3%
1977	48.1%	44.3%
1978	48.3%	44.4%
1979	48.5%	44.5%
1980	48.7%	44.6%
1981	48.9%	44.8%
1982	49.2%	45%
1983	49.3%	45.2%
1984	49.4%	45.4%
1985	49.5%	45.6%
1986	49.4%	45.8%
1987	49.3%	46%
1988	48.7%	46.3%
1989	48.1%	46.7%
1990	47.6%	47%
1991	47.1%	47%
1992	46.6%	46.5%
1993	46.4%	46.4%
1994	47%	46.5%
1995	47.4%	46.7%
1996	46.9%	46.9%
1997	46.2%	47%
1998	45.3%	47.1%
1999	44.4%	47.2%
2000	43.6%	47.4%
2001	42.9%	47.5%
2002	42.3%	47.6%
2003	41.8%	47.7%
2004	41.4%	47.9%
2005	41.1%	48.2%
2006	40.8%	48.6%
2007	40.4%	48.9%
2008	39.9%	48.9%
2009	39.3%	48.8%
2010	38.8%	48.7%
2011	38.4%	48.3%
2012	38%	47.9%
2013	37.6%	47.8%
2014	37.2%	47.7%
2015	36.8%	47.6%
2016	36.4%	47.5%
2017	36%	47.4%
2018	35.6%	47.3%
2019	35.1%	47.1%
2020	34.7%	47%
2021	34.3%	47%
2022	34%	46.8%
2023	33.7%	46.7%
2024	33.4%	46.6%
2025	33%	46.6%
2026	32.6%	46.5%
2027	32.2%	46.4%
2028	31.8%	46.1%
2029	31.4%	45.8%
2030	31%	45.4%
2031	30.7%	45.1%
2032	30.3%	44.7%
2033	29.9%	44.3%
2034	29.5%	43.9%
2035	29.1%	43.5%
2036	28.7%	43.1%
2037	28.4%	42.6%
2038	28%	42.1%
2039	27.7%	41.7%
2040	27.4%	41.2%
2041	27.1%	40.8%
2042	26.8%	40.3%
2043	26.5%	39.9%
2044	26.2%	39.4%
2045	26%	39%
2046	25.7%	38.6%
2047	25.4%	38.2%
2048	25.1%	37.8%
2049	24.9%	37.4%
2050	24.6%	37%

Children aged 0-14 make up 33.4% of the population in Eswatini and 46.6% in Somalia in 2024, compared to 47.6% and 47% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Eswatini and Somalia compared.

Natural population change in Eswatini vs Somalia by year

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change (excluding migration) has been +1.63% in Eswatini and +3.34% in Somalia. The chart below illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes resulting from births and deaths.

Table

Year	Population change due to births and deaths
	Eswatini	Somalia
1960	9,947	73,850
1961	10,262	75,513
1962	10,601	77,737
1963	10,929	79,859
1964	11,266	82,042
1965	11,719	84,448
1966	12,282	86,930
1967	12,773	89,497
1968	13,449	92,208
1969	14,164	95,045
1970	14,873	98,025
1971	15,615	101,196
1972	16,353	104,493
1973	17,145	108,038
1974	17,971	104,813
1975	18,849	108,998
1976	19,734	113,319
1977	20,609	124,818
1978	21,466	132,689
1979	22,299	151,016
1980	23,153	174,790
1981	23,973	185,211
1982	24,742	182,793
1983	24,883	190,775
1984	26,149	199,017
1985	26,835	207,960
1986	27,096	218,416
1987	27,285	231,580
1988	27,396	215,599
1989	28,257	225,255
1990	28,349	225,162
1991	28,497	53,052
1992	28,446	57,495
1993	28,046	232,960
1994	26,703	246,950
1995	23,029	254,509
1996	21,858	264,807
1997	20,686	271,894
1998	19,762	284,779
1999	19,420	295,523
2000	18,830	306,651
2001	17,824	319,059
2002	16,924	331,215
2003	16,396	341,192
2004	15,979	351,959
2005	15,945	363,117
2006	16,133	372,597
2007	16,595	380,303
2008	17,275	394,258
2009	17,656	405,784
2010	17,652	385,571
2011	17,645	203,213
2012	18,308	399,468
2013	18,903	448,518
2014	19,107	464,481
2015	19,223	481,573
2016	19,233	495,132
2017	19,278	478,556
2018	19,392	514,244
2019	19,488	548,756
2020	18,899	561,311
2021	17,314	566,399
2022	20,125	551,450
2023	20,147	608,203

Maternal mortality chart: Eswatini vs Somalia

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 118 deaths per 100,000 live births in Eswatini, compared to 563 deaths in Somalia.

Table

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Eswatini	Somalia
1985	580	1,465
1986	548	1,452
1987	521	1,393
1988	494	1,423
1989	505	1,395
1990	520	1,358
1991	545	1,431
1992	580	1,339
1993	609	1,195
1994	645	1,254
1995	612	1,210
1996	604	1,225
1997	550	1,206
1998	475	1,177
1999	409	1,170
2000	361	1,150
2001	307	1,129
2002	331	1,121
2003	392	1,111
2004	451	1,104
2005	529	1,086
2006	511	1,085
2007	647	1,074
2008	766	1,035
2009	855	995
2010	752	1,062
2011	765	972
2012	613	894
2013	491	855
2014	369	816
2015	283	784
2016	213	754
2017	151	716
2018	133	727
2019	96	656
2020	102	655
2021	219	726
2022	112	622
2023	118	563

Under-five mortality rates

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 4.5% in Eswatini and 10.4% in Somalia. Below is the historical data on under-five mortality rates.

Table

Year	Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
	Eswatini	Somalia
1960	20.7%	-
1961	20.4%	-
1962	20%	-
1963	19.6%	-
1964	19.2%	-
1965	18.8%	-
1966	18.3%	-
1967	17.9%	-
1968	17.4%	-
1969	17%	-
1970	16.5%	-
1971	16%	-
1972	15.4%	-
1973	14.9%	-
1974	14.3%	-
1975	13.7%	-
1976	13.2%	-
1977	12.6%	-
1978	12%	-
1979	11.5%	-
1980	10.9%	-
1981	10.4%	-
1982	9.89%	20.1%
1983	10.4%	19.8%
1984	8.85%	19.5%
1985	8.37%	19.3%
1986	7.93%	19%
1987	7.54%	18.8%
1988	7.2%	18.6%
1989	6.93%	18.3%
1990	6.75%	18%
1991	6.72%	44.3%
1992	6.85%	45.6%
1993	7.17%	17.3%
1994	7.62%	17.2%
1995	8.12%	17.2%
1996	8.71%	17.2%
1997	9.3%	17.2%
1998	9.87%	17.2%
1999	10.4%	17.2%
2000	10.9%	17.2%
2001	11.3%	17.2%
2002	11.4%	17.2%
2003	11.6%	17.2%
2004	11.6%	17.2%
2005	11.6%	17.2%
2006	10.5%	17.2%
2007	10%	17%
2008	9.82%	16.6%
2009	9.25%	16.2%
2010	8.18%	18.6%
2011	6.81%	35.9%
2012	6.38%	18.4%
2013	6.16%	14.3%
2014	6.17%	13.8%
2015	5.86%	13.4%
2016	5.53%	13%
2017	5.43%	15.5%
2018	5.1%	13.6%
2019	5.16%	11.8%
2020	4.98%	11.4%
2021	4.76%	11.1%
2022	4.62%	14.3%
2023	4.5%	10.4%