Fertility & birth rates in Somalia and Sudan

Fertility rate in Somalia vs Sudan by year

Chart Table

Somalia

Sudan

1x

Year	Fertility rate
	Somalia	Sudan
2023	6.13	4.32
2022	6.26	4.38
2021	6.35	4.46
2020	6.45	4.54
2019	6.56	4.62
2018	6.66	4.68
2017	6.77	4.76
2016	6.88	4.83
2015	6.98	4.9
2014	7.06	4.91
2013	7.14	4.97
2012	7.21	5.03
2011	7.27	5.09
2010	7.32	5.14
2009	7.38	5.17
2008	7.42	5.21
2007	7.46	5.27
2006	7.49	5.33
2005	7.53	5.4
2004	7.57	5.46
2003	7.6	5.49
2002	7.63	5.53
2001	7.64	5.56
2000	7.65	5.6
1999	7.66	5.62
1998	7.66	5.65
1997	7.66	5.72
1996	7.62	5.79
1995	7.58	5.86
1994	7.54	5.91
1993	7.53	5.97
1992	7.5	6.02
1991	7.47	6.05
1990	7.44	6.07
1989	7.42	6.11
1988	7.4	6.13
1987	7.37	6.18
1986	7.35	6.23
1985	7.33	6.28
1984	7.3	6.34
1983	7.28	6.41
1982	7.25	6.47
1981	7.23	6.53
1980	7.18	6.59
1979	7.16	6.65
1978	7.13	6.72
1977	7	6.78
1976	7.02	6.82
1975	7.03	6.87
1974	7.06	6.91
1973	7.09	6.94
1972	7.12	6.98
1971	7.15	7.02
1970	7.18	6.99
1969	7.21	6.97
1968	7.23	6.95
1967	7.25	6.91
1966	7.26	6.88
1965	7.26	6.84
1964	7.26	6.8
1963	7.26	6.76
1962	7.26	6.7
1961	7.25	6.66
1960	7.25	6.66

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Somalia was 6.13 children per woman in 2023, compared to 4.32 in Sudan in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Somalia vs Sudan population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

Natural population change by year

Chart Table

Somalia

Sudan

1x

Year	Natural population change
	Somalia	Sudan
2023	608,203	1,361,564
2022	551,450	1,333,992
2021	566,399	1,293,817
2020	561,311	1,295,781
2019	548,756	1,291,747
2018	514,244	1,257,387
2017	478,556	1,208,046
2016	495,132	1,174,422
2015	481,573	1,145,259
2014	464,481	1,097,962
2013	448,518	1,078,446
2012	399,468	1,073,062
2011	203,213	1,070,888
2010	385,571	1,068,381
2009	405,784	1,041,810
2008	394,258	1,001,826
2007	380,303	992,819
2006	372,597	963,740
2005	363,117	907,017
2004	351,959	889,382
2003	341,192	898,226
2002	331,215	897,965
2001	319,059	880,284
2000	306,651	858,536
1999	295,523	835,840
1998	284,779	814,752
1997	271,894	802,245
1996	264,807	792,926
1995	254,509	780,700
1994	246,950	764,645
1993	232,960	743,249
1992	57,495	731,177
1991	53,052	714,612
1990	225,162	699,953
1989	225,255	683,743
1988	215,599	672,604
1987	231,580	658,416
1986	218,416	649,649
1985	207,960	583,382
1984	199,017	577,405
1983	190,775	570,198
1982	182,793	606,362
1981	185,211	585,087
1980	174,790	552,930
1979	151,016	524,942
1978	132,689	497,987
1977	124,818	483,089
1976	113,319	470,019
1975	108,998	454,813
1974	104,813	444,456
1973	108,038	439,201
1972	104,493	428,340
1971	101,196	417,641
1970	98,025	401,013
1969	95,045	385,712
1968	92,208	370,917
1967	89,497	356,599
1966	86,930	342,118
1965	84,448	327,799
1964	82,042	315,166
1963	79,859	302,132
1962	77,737	287,317
1961	75,513	272,562
1960	73,850	262,235

The chart above illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes in population resulting from births and deaths.

Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was +3.31% in Somalia and +2.72% in Sudan.

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change has been +3.34% in Somalia and +2.79% in Sudan.

Birth rate in Somalia vs Sudan by year

Chart Table

Somalia

Sudan

Annual births per 1,000 people

1x

Year	Annual births per 1,000 people
	Somalia	Sudan
2023	43	33.6
2022	43.8	33.5
2021	44.1	33.9
2020	44.5	34.5
2019	45.1	34.9
2018	45.7	35.1
2017	46.2	35
2016	46.6	35.4
2015	47.2	35.7
2014	47.5	35.5
2013	47.7	36
2012	48.2	36.6
2011	48.6	37.3
2010	48.1	38
2009	48.4	38.1
2008	48.8	38.4
2007	48.9	38.9
2006	49.4	39.2
2005	49.6	39.6
2004	49.9	40
2003	50.1	40.2
2002	50.4	40.4
2001	50.4	40.7
2000	50.4	40.8
1999	50.7	41
1998	50.7	41.2
1997	50.8	41.6
1996	51	42.2
1995	50.6	42.6
1994	51.1	43
1993	50.1	43.4
1992	51.5	43.7
1991	51.9	43.8
1990	50.3	43.8
1989	50.4	44
1988	50.8	44.1
1987	49.3	44.2
1986	48.9	44.5
1985	48.7	44.7
1984	48.5	45.1
1983	48.5	45.6
1982	48.3	45.4
1981	49.5	45.6
1980	47.4	45.2
1979	44.9	45.3
1978	45.2	45
1977	46.2	45.3
1976	46	45.7
1975	45.9	45.9
1974	45.7	46.5
1973	45.6	47.6
1972	45.6	48.4
1971	45.5	48.9
1970	45.5	48.8
1969	45.6	48.8
1968	45.6	48.8
1967	45.7	48.8
1966	45.8	48.7
1965	45.9	48.6
1964	46	48.5
1963	46.2	48.3
1962	46.3	48
1961	46.5	47.6
1960	46.8	47.7

The latest reported birth rate per 1,000 people in 2023 was 43 in Somalia and 33.6 in Sudan, compared with 46.8 and 47.7, respectively, in 1960.

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Chart Table

Somalia

Factual

UN forecast

Sudan

Factual

UN forecast

1x

Year	Young
	Somalia	Sudan
2100	23.1%	21.3%
2099	23.3%	21.4%
2098	23.4%	21.6%
2097	23.6%	21.8%
2096	23.8%	21.9%
2095	24%	22.1%
2094	24.2%	22.3%
2093	24.4%	22.4%
2092	24.6%	22.6%
2091	24.8%	22.8%
2090	25%	22.9%
2089	25.2%	23.1%
2088	25.5%	23.3%
2087	25.7%	23.4%
2086	25.9%	23.6%
2085	26.1%	23.7%
2084	26.4%	23.9%
2083	26.6%	24.1%
2082	26.8%	24.3%
2081	27.1%	24.4%
2080	27.3%	24.6%
2079	27.6%	24.8%
2078	27.9%	25%
2077	28.1%	25.2%
2076	28.4%	25.4%
2075	28.7%	25.6%
2074	29%	25.9%
2073	29.3%	26.1%
2072	29.6%	26.3%
2071	29.9%	26.6%
2070	30.2%	26.8%
2069	30.6%	27.1%
2068	30.9%	27.3%
2067	31.2%	27.6%
2066	31.5%	27.8%
2065	31.9%	28.1%
2064	32.2%	28.3%
2063	32.5%	28.6%
2062	32.9%	28.8%
2061	33.2%	29.1%
2060	33.6%	29.3%
2059	33.9%	29.5%
2058	34.2%	29.8%
2057	34.6%	30%
2056	34.9%	30.2%
2055	35.3%	30.5%
2054	35.7%	30.7%
2053	36.1%	31%
2052	36.4%	31.2%
2051	36.8%	31.5%
2050	37.2%	31.8%
2049	37.6%	32.1%
2048	38%	32.4%
2047	38.4%	32.7%
2046	38.8%	33%
2045	39.2%	33.4%
2044	39.7%	33.7%
2043	40.1%	34.1%
2042	40.5%	34.5%
2041	41%	34.9%
2040	41.5%	35.3%
2039	41.9%	35.7%
2038	42.4%	36.1%
2037	42.8%	36.5%
2036	43.3%	36.9%
2035	43.7%	37.3%
2034	44.1%	37.7%
2033	44.5%	38.1%
2032	44.9%	38.4%
2031	45.2%	38.7%
2030	45.6%	39%
2029	46%	39.2%
2028	46.2%	39.4%
2027	46.5%	39.6%
2026	46.6%	40%
2025	46.6%	40.4%
2024	46.6%	40.5%
2023	46.7%	40.6%
2022	46.8%	40.9%
2021	47%	41.2%
2020	47%	41.4%
2019	47.1%	41.7%
2018	47.3%	42%
2017	47.4%	42.6%
2016	47.5%	43.1%
2015	47.6%	43.6%
2014	47.7%	44%
2013	47.8%	44.4%
2012	47.9%	44.5%
2011	48.3%	44.6%
2010	48.7%	44.6%
2009	48.8%	44.7%
2008	48.9%	44.9%
2007	48.9%	45.1%
2006	48.6%	45.3%
2005	48.2%	45.4%
2004	47.9%	45.5%
2003	47.7%	45.6%
2002	47.6%	45.6%
2001	47.5%	45.7%
2000	47.4%	45.8%
1999	47.2%	45.9%
1998	47.1%	46.1%
1997	47%	46.2%
1996	46.9%	46.2%
1995	46.7%	46.3%
1994	46.5%	46.3%
1993	46.4%	46.3%
1992	46.5%	46.3%
1991	47%	46.2%
1990	47%	46.1%
1989	46.7%	46.1%
1988	46.3%	46%
1987	46%	46%
1986	45.8%	46.1%
1985	45.6%	46.1%
1984	45.4%	46.2%
1983	45.2%	46.3%
1982	45%	46.4%
1981	44.8%	46.6%
1980	44.6%	46.8%
1979	44.5%	47.1%
1978	44.4%	47.4%
1977	44.3%	47.7%
1976	44.3%	47.8%
1975	44.3%	48%
1974	44.4%	48.1%
1973	44.4%	47.9%
1972	44.4%	47.7%
1971	44.5%	47.6%
1970	44.5%	47.5%
1969	44.6%	47.4%
1968	44.7%	47.3%
1967	44.8%	47.2%
1966	44.9%	47.1%
1965	45.1%	47%
1964	45.1%	46.9%
1963	45%	46.7%
1962	44.8%	46.6%
1961	44.7%	46.6%
1960	44.4%	46.5%

Children aged 0-14 make up 46.6% of the population in Somalia and 40.5% in Sudan in 2024, compared to 47% and 46.1% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Somalia and Sudan compared.

Maternal mortality chart: Somalia vs Sudan

Chart Table

Somalia

Sudan

1x

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Somalia	Sudan
2023	563	256
2022	622	263
2021	726	305
2020	655	273
2019	656	262
2018	727	268
2017	716	277
2016	754	288
2015	784	298
2014	816	309
2013	855	327
2012	894	340
2011	972	357
2010	1,062	370
2009	995	382
2008	1,035	426
2007	1,074	445
2006	1,085	485
2005	1,086	506
2004	1,104	536
2003	1,111	593
2002	1,121	588
2001	1,129	616
2000	1,150	645
1999	1,170	662
1998	1,177	669
1997	1,206	681
1996	1,225	712
1995	1,210	730
1994	1,254	775
1993	1,195	839
1992	1,339	863
1991	1,431	873
1990	1,358	840
1989	1,395	881
1988	1,423	877
1987	1,393	914
1986	1,452	938
1985	1,465	980

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 563 deaths per 100,000 live births in Somalia, compared to 256 deaths in Sudan.

Under-five mortality rates

Chart Table

Somalia

Sudan

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

1x

Year	Under 5 mortality rate
	Somalia	Sudan
2023	10.4%	5.01%
2022	14.3%	5.18%
2021	11.1%	5.36%
2020	11.4%	5.53%
2019	11.8%	5.71%
2018	13.6%	5.89%
2017	15.5%	6.07%
2016	13%	6.26%
2015	13.4%	6.45%
2014	13.8%	6.64%
2013	14.3%	6.83%
2012	18.4%	7.02%
2011	35.9%	7.22%
2010	18.6%	7.42%
2009	16.2%	7.64%
2008	16.6%	7.88%
2007	17%	8.13%
2006	17.2%	8.4%
2005	17.2%	10%
2004	17.2%	10.3%
2003	17.2%	9.31%
2002	17.2%	9.65%
2001	17.2%	9.99%
2000	17.2%	10.3%
1999	17.2%	10.7%
1998	17.2%	11%
1997	17.2%	11.3%
1996	17.2%	11.6%
1995	17.2%	11.9%
1994	17.2%	12.2%
1993	17.3%	12.5%
1992	45.6%	12.7%
1991	44.3%	13%
1990	18%	13.2%
1989	18.3%	13.4%
1988	18.6%	13.6%
1987	18.8%	13.8%
1986	19%	14%
1985	19.3%	17.8%
1984	19.5%	18%
1983	19.8%	18.2%
1982	20.1%	14.5%
1981	-	14.6%
1980	-	14.8%
1979	-	14.9%
1978	-	15%
1977	-	15.1%
1976	-	15.2%
1975	-	15.3%
1974	-	15.4%
1973	-	15.5%
1972	-	15.6%
1971	-	15.7%
1970	-	15.8%
1969	-	15.9%
1968	-	16%
1967	-	16.2%
1966	-	16.3%
1965	-	16.5%
1964	-	16.7%
1963	-	17%
1962	-	17.2%
1961	-	17.5%
1960	-	17.8%

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 10.4% in Somalia and 5.01% in Sudan. Above is a chart with historical data on under-five mortality rates.