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Fertility & birth rates in Nigeria and Panama

Updated on by Georank team

Nigeria has an annual birth rate of 33 births per 1,000 people, compared to 16 for Panama. The average number of children a woman is expected to have during her lifetime — the fertility rate, is 4.48 in Nigeria and 2.12 in Panama — 52.7% difference.

1960 vs 2023, the fertility rate has decreased by -29.6% in Nigeria and by -63.6% in Panama — in 1960, it was 6.36 and 5.83, respectively.

Birth rates facts compared:

  • Nigeria is ranked 20/196 by birth rate compared to 95/196 for Panama.
  • The mean age at childbearing (for all the births, not just the first) is 29.2 in Nigeria — it's 27.4 in Panama.
  • Annual births per 1,000 women ages 15-19 (adolescent birth rate or teenage mother rate) is 86.4 in Nigeria vs 57.3 in Panama.
  • In Nigeria, 24% of the population is composed of women of reproductive age (15-49), compared to 25.2% in Panama.
  • Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was +2.12% in Nigeria and +1.13% in Panama.

Birth rate data compared

Nigeria Panama
Fertility rate 4.48 2.12
Birth rate 33 16
Birth rate rank 20/196 95/196
Age at first childbirth 20.4 years n/a
Average age at childbearing 29.2 years 27.4 years
Annual births per 1,000 women ages 15-19 81.8 54.2
Annual births per 1,000 women ages 20-29 199.7 109
Annual births per 1,000 women ages 30+ 68.4 19.4
Female of reproductive age (15-49), share of population 24% 25.2%
Any modern method of contraceptive prevalence among married women ages 15-49 18.2% 46.9%
Share of births attended by skilled health staff 50.7% 95%
Maternal mortality per live birth 0.99% 0.04%
Neonatal mortality rate (before reaching 28 days of age) 3.37% 0.66%
Infant mortality rate (before reaching 1 year of age) 6.01% 1.06%
Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births 10.5% 1.33%
Population change due to births and deaths +4,834,309 +50,197
Natural population change rank 3/196 94/196
Natural population change rate +2.12% +1.13%
Population growth +2.1% +1.27%
Population growth rank 50/197 85/197
Life expectancy 54.8 years 80 years

Fertility rate in Nigeria vs Panama chart

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Nigeria was 4.48 children per woman in 2023, compared to 2.12 in Panama in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Nigeria vs Panama population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart below showcases historical changes in the birth rates.

Nigeria
Factual

UN forecast
Panama
Factual

UN forecast

Births per woman

Year Fertility rate
Nigeria Panama
1960 6.36 5.83
1961 6.35 5.87
1962 6.36 5.87
1963 6.35 5.87
1964 6.36 5.81
1965 6.37 5.73
1966 6.39 5.65
1967 6.4 5.53
1968 6.42 5.41
1969 6.44 5.29
1970 6.47 5.18
1971 6.53 5.05
1972 6.58 4.91
1973 6.63 4.74
1974 6.7 4.58
1975 6.77 4.41
1976 6.81 4.26
1977 6.86 4.12
1978 6.92 3.98
1979 6.89 3.88
1980 6.85 3.8
1981 6.82 3.72
1982 6.8 3.66
1983 6.78 3.6
1984 6.7 3.52
1985 6.62 3.43
1986 6.56 3.34
1987 6.5 3.25
1988 6.5 3.17
1989 6.49 3.12
1990 6.46 3.07
1991 6.43 3
1992 6.39 2.95
1993 6.35 2.91
1994 6.32 2.88
1995 6.27 2.85
1996 6.22 2.83
1997 6.14 2.81
1998 6.07 2.79
1999 6.08 2.77
2000 6.12 2.74
2001 6.13 2.72
2002 6.12 2.7
2003 6.1 2.68
2004 6.09 2.68
2005 6.06 2.64
2006 6.05 2.62
2007 6.03 2.61
2008 6.02 2.61
2009 5.99 2.59
2010 5.95 2.59
2011 5.89 2.6
2012 5.8 2.59
2013 5.69 2.57
2014 5.62 2.55
2015 5.5 2.53
2016 5.34 2.5
2017 5.18 2.46
2018 5.02 2.4
2019 4.86 2.29
2020 4.7 2.18
2021 4.64 2.15
2022 4.55 2.14
2023 4.48 2.12
2024 4.38 2.11
2025 4.3 2.09
2026 4.2 2.07
2027 4.1 2.06
2028 4.01 2.04
2029 3.92 2.02
2030 3.82 2.01
2031 3.73 2
2032 3.65 1.99
2033 3.56 1.97
2034 3.48 1.96
2035 3.41 1.95
2036 3.34 1.95
2037 3.27 1.94
2038 3.21 1.93
2039 3.16 1.92
2040 3.1 1.91
2041 3.04 1.91
2042 2.99 1.9
2043 2.94 1.89
2044 2.89 1.89
2045 2.85 1.88
2046 2.8 1.88
2047 2.76 1.87
2048 2.73 1.87
2049 2.69 1.86
2050 2.66 1.86

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Nigeria
Factual

UN forecast
Panama
Factual

UN forecast
Year Share of people 0-14 years old
Nigeria Panama
1960 41.1% 44.2%
1961 41.1% 44.3%
1962 41.1% 44.5%
1963 41.2% 44.6%
1964 41.4% 44.7%
1965 41.5% 44.8%
1966 41.7% 44.8%
1967 41.8% 44.8%
1968 42% 44.7%
1969 42.2% 44.6%
1970 42.4% 44.5%
1971 42.5% 44.3%
1972 42.8% 44.1%
1973 43% 43.9%
1974 43.2% 43.6%
1975 43.4% 43.3%
1976 43.7% 42.9%
1977 43.9% 42.4%
1978 44.2% 41.9%
1979 44.4% 41.4%
1980 44.6% 40.8%
1981 44.8% 40.3%
1982 45% 39.8%
1983 45.2% 39.3%
1984 45.4% 38.8%
1985 45.5% 38.3%
1986 45.6% 37.8%
1987 45.6% 37.4%
1988 45.5% 36.9%
1989 45.5% 36.5%
1990 45.3% 36.1%
1991 45.2% 35.7%
1992 45% 35.3%
1993 44.8% 34.9%
1994 44.6% 34.6%
1995 44.4% 34.2%
1996 44.2% 33.9%
1997 44.1% 33.5%
1998 43.9% 33.1%
1999 43.8% 32.8%
2000 43.7% 32.4%
2001 43.7% 32%
2002 43.8% 31.6%
2003 43.8% 31.3%
2004 43.9% 31%
2005 44% 30.6%
2006 44.1% 30.3%
2007 44.2% 30%
2008 44.3% 29.7%
2009 44.4% 29.5%
2010 44.4% 29.2%
2011 44.5% 28.9%
2012 44.5% 28.7%
2013 44.5% 28.4%
2014 44.4% 28.2%
2015 44.3% 27.9%
2016 44.1% 27.6%
2017 43.9% 27.4%
2018 43.6% 27.1%
2019 43.2% 26.7%
2020 42.8% 26.4%
2021 42.4% 26%
2022 42% 25.7%
2023 41.5% 25.3%
2024 41% 24.9%
2025 40.5% 24.5%
2026 40% 24.1%
2027 39.5% 23.8%
2028 39% 23.4%
2029 38.5% 23%
2030 38% 22.6%
2031 37.6% 22.2%
2032 37.2% 21.9%
2033 36.8% 21.6%
2034 36.5% 21.3%
2035 36.2% 21%
2036 35.9% 20.9%
2037 35.5% 20.7%
2038 35.2% 20.5%
2039 34.9% 20.3%
2040 34.5% 20.1%
2041 34.2% 20%
2042 33.8% 19.8%
2043 33.5% 19.6%
2044 33.1% 19.4%
2045 32.8% 19.3%
2046 32.4% 19.1%
2047 32% 18.9%
2048 31.6% 18.8%
2049 31.3% 18.6%
2050 30.9% 18.4%

Children aged 0-14 make up 41% of the population in Nigeria and 24.9% in Panama in 2024, compared to 45.3% and 36.1% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Nigeria and Panama compared.

Natural population change in Nigeria vs Panama by year

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change (excluding migration) has been +2.29% in Nigeria and +1.31% in Panama. The chart below illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes resulting from births and deaths.

Nigeria
Panama

Natural population change

Year Population change due to births and deaths
Nigeria Panama
1960 901,301 35,431
1961 932,111 37,100
1962 966,452 38,537
1963 995,116 39,872
1964 1,028,272 40,806
1965 1,061,840 41,604
1966 1,095,582 42,457
1967 1,082,884 43,054
1968 1,168,254 43,641
1969 1,213,484 44,278
1970 1,295,507 45,075
1971 1,373,896 45,867
1972 1,448,928 46,311
1973 1,525,485 46,540
1974 1,624,813 46,932
1975 1,718,623 47,149
1976 1,827,289 47,307
1977 1,923,917 47,438
1978 2,019,621 47,694
1979 2,074,807 48,362
1980 2,121,618 49,077
1981 2,179,884 50,018
1982 2,233,401 50,858
1983 2,292,089 51,880
1984 2,278,060 52,436
1985 2,289,784 52,573
1986 2,295,003 52,681
1987 2,322,397 52,690
1988 2,376,419 52,767
1989 2,452,324 52,295
1990 2,491,928 53,451
1991 2,527,807 53,079
1992 2,596,173 53,186
1993 2,673,675 53,591
1994 2,735,198 53,845
1995 2,830,771 54,069
1996 2,882,205 54,512
1997 2,936,500 55,060
1998 3,003,946 55,482
1999 3,155,425 55,911
2000 3,343,196 56,236
2001 3,478,370 56,654
2002 3,606,814 57,011
2003 3,751,120 57,458
2004 3,877,376 58,281
2005 4,013,788 58,014
2006 4,135,703 58,067
2007 4,265,428 58,454
2008 4,412,976 58,961
2009 4,528,149 59,168
2010 4,629,173 59,418
2011 4,728,363 60,411
2012 4,774,508 60,471
2013 4,811,751 60,295
2014 4,862,319 60,227
2015 4,823,045 59,896
2016 4,761,594 59,454
2017 4,706,183 58,607
2018 4,659,898 57,508
2019 4,609,941 54,420
2020 4,525,164 46,599
2021 4,641,562 46,747
2022 4,739,502 50,556
2023 4,834,309 50,197

Fertility rates around the globe

Fertility rate

Maternal mortality chart: Nigeria vs Panama

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 993 deaths per 100,000 live births in Nigeria, compared to 37 deaths in Panama.

Nigeria
Panama
Year Maternal mortality per 100K births
Nigeria Panama
1985 1,344 95
1986 1,363 94
1987 1,351 93
1988 1,332 93
1989 1,304 96
1990 1,285 89
1991 1,282 87
1992 1,246 85
1993 1,200 81
1994 1,193 78
1995 1,186 77
1996 1,185 73
1997 1,184 70
1998 1,189 68
1999 1,165 65
2000 1,136 64
2001 1,130 62
2002 1,117 59
2003 1,090 58
2004 1,075 57
2005 1,060 57
2006 1,067 56
2007 1,063 55
2008 1,081 55
2009 1,088 55
2010 1,094 56
2011 1,108 55
2012 1,124 53
2013 1,146 52
2014 1,155 49
2015 1,168 48
2016 1,155 47
2017 1,142 47
2018 1,118 43
2019 1,091 41
2020 1,065 74
2021 1,046 59
2022 1,016 40
2023 993 37

Under-five mortality rates

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 10.5% in Nigeria and 1.33% in Panama. Below is the historical data on under-five mortality rates.

Nigeria
Panama

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

Year Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
Nigeria Panama
1960 - 9.31%
1961 - 9.04%
1962 - 8.78%
1963 - 8.52%
1964 32.7% 8.28%
1965 32% 8.05%
1966 31.3% 7.83%
1967 30.7% 7.62%
1968 30% 7.38%
1969 29.3% 7.1%
1970 28.5% 6.78%
1971 27.7% 6.43%
1972 26.9% 6.07%
1973 26.1% 5.72%
1974 25.2% 5.41%
1975 24.4% 5.15%
1976 23.6% 4.93%
1977 22.9% 4.76%
1978 22.3% 4.61%
1979 21.8% 4.47%
1980 21.3% 4.34%
1981 21% 4.19%
1982 20.8% 4.05%
1983 20.7% 3.9%
1984 20.7% 3.75%
1985 20.8% 3.61%
1986 20.9% 3.47%
1987 20.9% 3.35%
1988 21% 3.24%
1989 21% 3.14%
1990 21% 3.05%
1991 20.9% 2.97%
1992 20.8% 2.91%
1993 20.7% 2.87%
1994 20.6% 2.83%
1995 20.4% 2.8%
1996 20.1% 2.77%
1997 19.7% 2.73%
1998 19.3% 2.68%
1999 18.8% 2.63%
2000 18.2% 2.56%
2001 17.7% 2.49%
2002 17.1% 2.41%
2003 16.5% 2.33%
2004 16% 2.25%
2005 15.5% 2.17%
2006 15% 2.1%
2007 14.5% 2.03%
2008 14.1% 1.97%
2009 13.8% 1.91%
2010 13.5% 1.86%
2011 13.3% 1.81%
2012 13.1% 1.77%
2013 12.9% 1.75%
2014 12.8% 1.73%
2015 12.6% 1.72%
2016 12.5% 1.7%
2017 12.3% 1.68%
2018 12% 1.65%
2019 11.8% 1.59%
2020 11.4% 1.52%
2021 11.1% 1.45%
2022 10.8% 1.39%
2023 10.5% 1.33%

Compare countries by 7 more topics

Birth rate comparisons

Birth rate vs Nigeria vs Panama
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