Fertility & birth rates in Japan and Nigeria

Fertility rate in Japan vs Nigeria by year

Chart Table

Japan

Nigeria

1x

Year	Fertility rate
	Japan	Nigeria
2023	1.2	4.48
2022	1.26	4.55
2021	1.3	4.64
2020	1.33	4.7
2019	1.36	4.86
2018	1.42	5.02
2017	1.43	5.18
2016	1.44	5.34
2015	1.45	5.5
2014	1.42	5.62
2013	1.43	5.69
2012	1.41	5.8
2011	1.39	5.89
2010	1.39	5.95
2009	1.37	5.99
2008	1.37	6.02
2007	1.34	6.03
2006	1.32	6.05
2005	1.26	6.06
2004	1.29	6.09
2003	1.29	6.1
2002	1.32	6.12
2001	1.33	6.13
2000	1.36	6.12
1999	1.34	6.08
1998	1.38	6.07
1997	1.39	6.14
1996	1.43	6.22
1995	1.42	6.27
1994	1.5	6.32
1993	1.46	6.35
1992	1.5	6.39
1991	1.53	6.43
1990	1.54	6.46
1989	1.57	6.49
1988	1.66	6.5
1987	1.69	6.5
1986	1.72	6.56
1985	1.76	6.62
1984	1.81	6.7
1983	1.8	6.78
1982	1.77	6.8
1981	1.74	6.82
1980	1.75	6.85
1979	1.77	6.89
1978	1.79	6.92
1977	1.8	6.86
1976	1.85	6.81
1975	1.91	6.77
1974	2.05	6.7
1973	2.14	6.63
1972	2.14	6.58
1971	2.16	6.53
1970	2.13	6.47
1969	2.13	6.44
1968	2.13	6.42
1967	2.23	6.4
1966	1.58	6.39
1965	2.14	6.37
1964	2.05	6.36
1963	2	6.35
1962	1.98	6.36
1961	1.96	6.35
1960	2	6.36

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Japan was 1.2 children per woman in 2023, compared to 4.48 in Nigeria in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Japan vs Nigeria population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

Natural population change by year

Chart Table

Japan

Nigeria

1x

Year	Natural population change
	Japan	Nigeria
2023	-871,617	4,834,309
2022	-825,825	4,739,502
2021	-640,976	4,641,562
2020	-542,923	4,525,164
2019	-531,858	4,609,941
2018	-456,520	4,659,898
2017	-406,310	4,706,183
2016	-343,106	4,761,594
2015	-292,424	4,823,045
2014	-267,279	4,862,319
2013	-242,146	4,811,751
2012	-229,733	4,774,508
2011	-204,533	4,728,363
2010	-128,070	4,629,173
2009	-76,828	4,528,149
2008	-51,225	4,412,976
2007	-25,600	4,265,428
2006	12,785	4,135,703
2005	-25,554	4,013,788
2004	76,656	3,877,376
2003	114,946	3,751,120
2002	178,423	3,606,814
2001	203,438	3,478,370
2000	228,317	3,343,196
1999	202,610	3,155,425
1998	265,440	3,003,946
1997	277,325	2,936,500
1996	314,392	2,882,205
1995	276,039	2,830,771
1994	363,017	2,735,198
1993	312,073	2,673,675
1992	360,833	2,596,173
1991	396,685	2,527,807
1990	407,478	2,491,928
1989	467,662	2,452,324
1988	527,085	2,376,419
1987	598,138	2,322,397
1986	631,706	2,295,003
1985	676,687	2,289,784
1984	756,523	2,278,060
1983	775,495	2,292,089
1982	805,664	2,233,401
1981	811,861	2,179,884
1980	864,372	2,121,618
1979	950,298	2,074,807
1978	1,011,234	2,019,621
1977	1,070,397	1,923,917
1976	1,127,750	1,827,289
1975	1,204,989	1,718,623
1974	1,332,960	1,624,813
1973	1,391,449	1,525,485
1972	1,372,006	1,448,928
1971	1,331,782	1,373,896
1970	1,230,496	1,295,507
1969	1,195,962	1,213,484
1968	1,191,930	1,168,254
1967	1,258,475	1,082,884
1966	682,072	1,095,582
1965	1,126,448	1,061,840
1964	1,046,553	1,028,272
1963	987,770	995,116
1962	901,864	966,452
1961	893,522	932,111
1960	894,874	901,301

The chart above illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes in population resulting from births and deaths.

Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was -0.7% in Japan and +2.12% in Nigeria.

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change has been -0.41% in Japan and +2.29% in Nigeria.

Birth rate in Japan vs Nigeria by year

Chart Table

Japan

Nigeria

Annual births per 1,000 people

1x

Year	Annual births per 1,000 people
	Japan	Nigeria
2023	6	33
2022	6.3	33.2
2021	6.6	33.5
2020	6.8	33.7
2019	7	34.7
2018	7.4	35.7
2017	7.6	36.7
2016	7.8	37.8
2015	8	39
2014	8	39.9
2013	8.2	40.4
2012	8.2	41.1
2011	8.3	41.8
2010	8.5	42.1
2009	8.5	42.5
2008	8.7	42.8
2007	8.6	42.9
2006	8.7	43.2
2005	8.4	43.4
2004	8.8	43.5
2003	8.9	43.7
2002	9.2	43.8
2001	9.3	43.9
2000	9.5	43.9
1999	9.4	43.4
1998	9.6	43.2
1997	9.5	43.5
1996	9.7	43.9
1995	9.6	44.1
1994	10	44
1993	9.6	44.1
1992	9.8	44.2
1991	9.9	44.3
1990	10	44.5
1989	10.2	44.8
1988	10.8	44.7
1987	11.1	44.8
1986	11.4	45.3
1985	11.9	45.9
1984	12.5	46.5
1983	12.7	47.5
1982	12.8	47.5
1981	13	47.9
1980	13.6	48.3
1979	14.2	48.8
1978	14.9	49.3
1977	15.5	49.1
1976	16.3	49
1975	17.1	49
1974	18.6	48.7
1973	19.4	48.2
1972	19.3	48
1971	19.2	47.8
1970	18.8	47.4
1969	18.5	47.3
1968	18.6	47.2
1967	19.4	47.1
1966	13.7	47
1965	18.6	46.9
1964	17.7	46.9
1963	17.3	46.8
1962	17	46.7
1961	16.9	46.6
1960	17.2	46.5

The latest reported birth rate per 1,000 people in 2023 was 6 in Japan and 33 in Nigeria, compared with 17.2 and 46.5, respectively, in 1960.

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Chart Table

Japan

Factual

UN forecast

Nigeria

Factual

UN forecast

1x

Year	Young
	Japan	Nigeria
2100	11.5%	20.4%
2099	11.5%	20.5%
2098	11.5%	20.6%
2097	11.5%	20.7%
2096	11.6%	20.8%
2095	11.6%	20.9%
2094	11.6%	21%
2093	11.7%	21.1%
2092	11.7%	21.2%
2091	11.8%	21.4%
2090	11.8%	21.5%
2089	11.8%	21.6%
2088	11.8%	21.8%
2087	11.9%	21.9%
2086	11.9%	22.1%
2085	11.8%	22.2%
2084	11.8%	22.4%
2083	11.8%	22.6%
2082	11.8%	22.7%
2081	11.7%	22.9%
2080	11.6%	23.1%
2079	11.6%	23.3%
2078	11.5%	23.5%
2077	11.4%	23.7%
2076	11.3%	23.9%
2075	11.2%	24.1%
2074	11.1%	24.3%
2073	11.1%	24.5%
2072	11%	24.7%
2071	10.9%	25%
2070	10.9%	25.2%
2069	10.8%	25.4%
2068	10.8%	25.7%
2067	10.8%	25.9%
2066	10.8%	26.1%
2065	10.8%	26.4%
2064	10.8%	26.6%
2063	10.8%	26.9%
2062	10.9%	27.2%
2061	10.9%	27.4%
2060	11%	27.7%
2059	11%	28%
2058	11.1%	28.3%
2057	11.1%	28.6%
2056	11.2%	29%
2055	11.2%	29.3%
2054	11.3%	29.6%
2053	11.3%	30%
2052	11.3%	30.3%
2051	11.3%	30.7%
2050	11.2%	31.1%
2049	11.2%	31.5%
2048	11.1%	31.8%
2047	11.1%	32.2%
2046	11%	32.6%
2045	10.9%	32.9%
2044	10.8%	33.3%
2043	10.7%	33.7%
2042	10.6%	34%
2041	10.5%	34.4%
2040	10.4%	34.7%
2039	10.3%	35%
2038	10.2%	35.4%
2037	10.1%	35.7%
2036	10.1%	36%
2035	10.1%	36.3%
2034	10.1%	36.6%
2033	10.1%	37%
2032	10.2%	37.4%
2031	10.3%	37.8%
2030	10.5%	38.3%
2029	10.6%	38.8%
2028	10.8%	39.3%
2027	11%	39.8%
2026	11.1%	40.3%
2025	11.3%	40.8%
2024	11.4%	41%
2023	11.6%	41.5%
2022	11.9%	42%
2021	12%	42.4%
2020	12.2%	42.8%
2019	12.4%	43.2%
2018	12.5%	43.6%
2017	12.6%	43.9%
2016	12.7%	44.1%
2015	12.8%	44.3%
2014	13%	44.4%
2013	13.1%	44.5%
2012	13.2%	44.5%
2011	13.3%	44.5%
2010	13.4%	44.4%
2009	13.5%	44.4%
2008	13.5%	44.3%
2007	13.6%	44.2%
2006	13.7%	44.1%
2005	13.8%	44%
2004	13.8%	43.9%
2003	13.9%	43.8%
2002	14.1%	43.8%
2001	14.2%	43.7%
2000	14.4%	43.7%
1999	14.6%	43.8%
1998	14.8%	43.9%
1997	15.1%	44.1%
1996	15.3%	44.2%
1995	15.6%	44.4%
1994	16%	44.6%
1993	16.4%	44.8%
1992	16.9%	45%
1991	17.4%	45.2%
1990	18%	45.3%
1989	18.8%	45.5%
1988	19.5%	45.5%
1987	20.3%	45.6%
1986	21%	45.6%
1985	21.7%	45.5%
1984	22.2%	45.4%
1983	22.6%	45.2%
1982	23.1%	45%
1981	23.3%	44.8%
1980	23.4%	44.6%
1979	23.7%	44.4%
1978	23.8%	44.2%
1977	23.9%	43.9%
1976	23.9%	43.7%
1975	23.8%	43.4%
1974	23.8%	43.2%
1973	23.6%	43%
1972	23.4%	42.8%
1971	23.3%	42.5%
1970	23.3%	42.4%
1969	23.4%	42.2%
1968	23.5%	42%
1967	23.8%	41.8%
1966	24.4%	41.7%
1965	25.1%	41.5%
1964	25.8%	41.4%
1963	26.8%	41.2%
1962	28%	41.1%
1961	29.1%	41.1%
1960	29.8%	41.1%

Children aged 0-14 make up 11.4% of the population in Japan and 41% in Nigeria in 2024, compared to 18% and 45.3% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Japan and Nigeria compared.

Maternal mortality chart: Japan vs Nigeria

Chart Table

Japan

Nigeria

1x

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Japan	Nigeria
2023	3	993
2022	5	1,016
2021	4	1,046
2020	4	1,065
2019	5	1,091
2018	5	1,118
2017	5	1,142
2016	5	1,155
2015	5	1,168
2014	5	1,155
2013	5	1,146
2012	6	1,124
2011	6	1,108
2010	6	1,094
2009	6	1,088
2008	6	1,081
2007	6	1,063
2006	7	1,067
2005	7	1,060
2004	7	1,075
2003	8	1,090
2002	8	1,117
2001	8	1,130
2000	9	1,136
1999	9	1,165
1998	10	1,189
1997	10	1,184
1996	11	1,185
1995	11	1,186
1994	11	1,193
1993	12	1,200
1992	13	1,246
1991	13	1,282
1990	14	1,285
1989	15	1,304
1988	16	1,332
1987	17	1,351
1986	18	1,363
1985	19	1,344

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 3 deaths per 100,000 live births in Japan, compared to 993 deaths in Nigeria.

Under-five mortality rates

Chart Table

Japan

Nigeria

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

1x

Year	Under 5 mortality rate
	Japan	Nigeria
2023	0.24%	10.5%
2022	0.24%	10.8%
2021	0.24%	11.1%
2020	0.24%	11.4%
2019	0.25%	11.8%
2018	0.25%	12%
2017	0.26%	12.3%
2016	0.27%	12.5%
2015	0.28%	12.6%
2014	0.29%	12.8%
2013	0.3%	12.9%
2012	0.31%	13.1%
2011	0.33%	13.3%
2010	0.33%	13.5%
2009	0.34%	13.8%
2008	0.34%	14.1%
2007	0.35%	14.5%
2006	0.36%	15%
2005	0.37%	15.5%
2004	0.39%	16%
2003	0.4%	16.5%
2002	0.41%	17.1%
2001	0.43%	17.7%
2000	0.45%	18.2%
1999	0.47%	18.8%
1998	0.5%	19.3%
1997	0.52%	19.7%
1996	0.55%	20.1%
1995	0.57%	20.4%
1994	0.59%	20.6%
1993	0.6%	20.7%
1992	0.61%	20.8%
1991	0.62%	20.9%
1990	0.63%	21%
1989	0.64%	21%
1988	0.66%	21%
1987	0.68%	20.9%
1986	0.71%	20.9%
1985	0.75%	20.8%
1984	0.79%	20.7%
1983	0.83%	20.7%
1982	0.88%	20.8%
1981	0.93%	21%
1980	0.99%	21.3%
1979	1.05%	21.8%
1978	1.11%	22.3%
1977	1.18%	22.9%
1976	1.25%	23.6%
1975	1.33%	24.4%
1974	1.41%	25.2%
1973	1.49%	26.1%
1972	1.57%	26.9%
1971	1.65%	27.7%
1970	1.75%	28.5%
1969	1.85%	29.3%
1968	1.96%	30%
1967	2.1%	30.7%
1966	2.26%	31.3%
1965	2.46%	32%
1964	2.7%	32.7%
1963	2.98%	-
1962	3.29%	-
1961	3.62%	-
1960	3.97%	-

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 0.24% in Japan and 10.5% in Nigeria. Above is a chart with historical data on under-five mortality rates.