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Economy of Japan vs San Marino compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank

Japan has a GDP of $4.44T compared to $2.03B for San Marino, ranking 4/197 and 180/197 by economy size, respectively.

Japan has $9.16T in government debt (206.5% of GDP), compared to $1.39B (60.6% of GDP) in San Marino.

Japan vs San Marino GDP by year

Japan
San Marino
1x
Year GDP, current $
Japan San Marino
2025 $4,435,162,999,977 -
2024 $4,190,008,188,359 -
2023 $4,384,854,269,962 $2,027,243,194
2022 $4,447,976,207,315 $1,831,701,023
2021 $5,225,933,520,753 $1,855,395,712
2020 $5,189,197,543,645 $1,544,713,785
2019 $5,245,755,000,479 $1,616,231,696
2018 $5,154,293,721,630 $1,655,354,329
2017 $5,038,231,631,661 $1,528,621,193
2016 $5,110,357,383,254 $1,468,342,400
2015 $4,534,438,580,495 $1,419,400,396
2014 $4,985,763,289,561 $1,673,910,988
2013 $5,272,297,037,397 $1,678,741,202
2012 $6,333,803,928,788 $1,604,701,051
2011 $6,279,422,550,219 $1,813,717,695
2010 $5,811,578,109,447 $1,881,191,950
2009 $5,336,765,697,589 $2,064,277,984
2008 $5,160,197,175,876 $2,403,214,436
2007 $4,624,670,179,655 $2,188,653,429
2006 $4,648,058,930,707 $1,909,765,811
2005 $4,875,648,486,366 $1,786,513,631
2004 $4,941,485,123,807 $1,715,341,295
2003 $4,573,413,206,709 $1,462,590,387
2002 $4,245,946,980,572 $1,148,872,076
2001 $4,438,792,748,062 $1,059,529,731
2000 $5,042,381,838,343 $1,007,661,291
1999 $4,688,983,449,627 $1,109,473,282
1998 $4,150,359,076,370 $1,048,316,226
1997 $4,579,780,793,432 $976,606,911
1996 $5,021,441,618,840 -
1995 $5,639,649,753,986 -
1994 $5,104,063,486,348 -
1993 $4,632,480,515,091 -
1992 $4,064,529,567,505 -
1991 $3,724,887,648,862 -
1990 $3,252,994,239,867 -
1989 $3,174,934,735,896 -
1988 $3,191,546,727,316 -
1987 $2,635,094,473,494 -
1986 $2,164,729,071,349 -
1985 $1,457,070,301,468 -
1984 $1,374,165,212,365 -
1983 $1,297,622,008,229 -
1982 $1,183,132,285,328 -
1981 $1,271,443,597,067 -
1980 $1,153,159,955,513 -
1979 $1,100,608,979,757 -
1978 $1,057,419,758,047 -
1977 $752,590,681,822 -
1976 $611,495,350,304 -
1975 $544,082,569,364 -
1974 $500,355,087,138 -
1973 $450,756,970,744 -
1972 $331,776,379,992 -
1971 $250,530,994,765 -
1970 $221,798,003,144 -
1969 $188,179,852,753 -
1968 $160,201,483,788 -
1967 $135,265,319,098 -
1966 $115,427,351,851 -
1965 $99,387,878,008 -
1964 $89,332,989,729 -
1963 $75,945,582,324 -
1962 $66,356,388,224 -
1961 $58,472,696,006 -
1960 $48,417,804,545 -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/japan/san-marino | CC BY

GDP per capita in Japan vs San Marino by year

Japan
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
San Marino
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
1x
Year Current $
Japan San Marino
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
2025 $35,951 - - -
2024 $33,797 $52,039 - -
2023 $35,215 $50,662 $59,871 $78,745
2022 $35,548 $47,192 $54,265 $75,941
2021 $41,581 $44,355 $54,169 $64,745
2020 $41,099 $42,426 $44,427 $55,207
2019 $41,425 $42,678 $46,627 $57,444
2018 $40,645 $42,142 $47,951 $54,461
2017 $39,680 $41,444 $45,192 $52,463
2016 $40,215 $40,597 $44,359 $53,033
2015 $35,665 $40,899 $43,147 $52,247
2014 $39,173 $39,555 $51,260 $52,909
2013 $41,369 $39,402 $50,808 $50,770
2012 $49,627 $37,606 $47,946 $51,274
2011 $49,122 $36,214 $55,601 $56,240
2010 $45,378 $35,336 $56,543 $58,926
2009 $41,678 $33,543 $62,429 $61,970
2008 $40,294 $35,274 $75,902 $71,724
2007 $36,130 $35,015 $70,124 $71,744
2006 $36,354 $33,632 $63,271 $67,434
2005 $38,159 $32,170 $59,878 $63,739
2004 $38,678 $30,832 $58,232 $61,114
2003 $35,809 $29,392 $52,530 $60,224
2002 $33,316 $28,624 $41,791 $57,584
2001 $34,910 $27,943 $39,035 $57,252
2000 $39,753 $27,288 $37,601 $53,713
1999 $37,029 $25,736 $41,932 $52,064
1998 $32,835 $25,508 $40,127 $47,679
1997 $36,331 $25,619 $37,853 $44,426
1996 $39,930 $24,999 - -
1995 $44,947 $23,858 - -
1994 $40,774 $22,823 - -
1993 $37,111 $22,168 - -
1992 $32,667 $21,825 - -
1991 $30,048 $21,227 - -
1990 $26,345 $19,912 - -
1989 $25,798 - - -
1988 $26,037 - - -
1987 $21,587 - - -
1986 $17,819 - - -
1985 $12,058 - - -
1984 $11,443 - - -
1983 $10,876 - - -
1982 $9,986 - - -
1981 $10,806 - - -
1980 $9,872 - - -
1979 $9,497 - - -
1978 $9,202 - - -
1977 $6,609 - - -
1976 $5,422 - - -
1975 $4,876 - - -
1974 $4,542 - - -
1973 $4,147 - - -
1972 $3,095 - - -
1971 $2,370 - - -
1970 $2,145 - - -
1969 $1,841 - - -
1968 $1,586 - - -
1967 $1,354 - - -
1966 $1,168 - - -
1965 $1,015 - - -
1964 $922 - - -
1963 $792 - - -
1962 $699 - - -
1961 $622 - - -
1960 $519 - - -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/japan/san-marino | CC BY

Japan's GDP per capita is $35,951, ranking 34/197, compared to $59,871 in San Marino, ranking 20/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), Japan ranks 41st at $52,039, while San Marino ranks 17th at $78,745.

Economic indicators

Japan San Marino
Gross domestic product
$4.44T
2025
$2.03B
2023
GDP rank
4/197
2025
180/197
2023
GDP growth
1.19%
2024-2025
0.4%
2022-2023
GDP per capita
$35,951
2025
$59,871
2023
GDP per capita rank
34/197
2025
20/197
2023
GDP per capita, PPP
$52,039
2024
$78,745
2023
GDP per capita PPP rank
41/197
2024
17/197
2023
Government debt
$9.16T
2025
$1.39B
2023
Debt-to-GDP ratio
206.5%
2025
60.6%
2025
Government debt per person
$74,248
2025
$40,914
2023
Government debt per person rank
3/185
2025
17/185
2023
Average annual personal income after taxes
$22,962
2026
$46,440
2026
Market capitalization of domestic companies
$7.61T
2025
n/a
Number of millionaires
2,902,000
2026
n/a
Number of billionaires
41
2026
n/a
Income share by richest 10%
24.3%
2020
n/a
Income share by poorest 10%
2.3%
2020
n/a
Government expenditure, % of GDP
36.9%
2025
22%
2025
Consumer prices inflation
3.17%
2024-2025
2.3%
2024-2025
Central bank interest rate
0.75%
2025
n/a
Unemployment rate
2.5%
2025
4.92%
2022
Population
122704252
34159

Spending and national debt comparison by year

Japan
Spending

Debt
San Marino
Spending

Debt
1x
Year % of GDP
Japan San Marino
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
2025 36.9% 206.5% 22% 60.6%
2024 37.3% 214.5% 20.9% 62.9%
2023 37.8% 220.3% 21.7% 68.3%
2022 40.2% 227.8% 21.7% 70.6%
2021 41.3% 222.7% 37.1% 77.2%
2020 43.6% 228.8% 59.2% 69.8%
2019 36.4% 206.3% 22.4% 56.2%
2018 36% 203.7% 24.5% 56.7%
2017 35.9% 203.1% 25.6% 56.6%
2016 36.5% 202.1% 23.4% 21.4%
2015 36.6% 200.1% 26.3% 19.3%
2014 37.8% 203.6% 23.7% 21%
2013 38.4% 201.2% 30.2% 23.2%
2012 38.4% 197.1% 30.6% 17.2%
2011 38.4% 190.6% 25.4% 16.6%
2010 37.4% 178.6% 24.4% 20%
2009 38.3% 172.9% 24.8% 20.1%
2008 33.7% 153.6% 22% 15.5%
2007 32.8% 150.4% 20.7% 12.6%
2006 32.7% 152.1% 19.7% 14.2%
2005 33.2% 153.4% 19.3% 14.5%
2004 33.3% 148.8% 19% 16.9%
2003 34.6% 140.2% - 16.1%
2002 34.9% 134.6% - 17.2%
2001 34.7% 126.8% - 11.6%
2000 35.4% 118.5% - -
1999 35.2% 113.5% - -
1998 38.1% 101.6% - -
1997 32.4% 91.3% - -
1996 33.1% 85.3% - -
1995 32.8% 80.7% - -
1994 32.1% 73.3% - -
1993 31.4% 63.2% - -
1992 29.6% 57.9% - -
1991 28.6% 54.1% - -
1990 28.8% 54.8% - -
1989 29.2% 65.7% - -
1988 29.9% 71.9% - -
1987 30.6% 75.8% - -
1986 30.4% 74.1% - -
1985 30.4% 68.3% - -
1984 31.2% 65.6% - -
1983 31.8% 63.5% - -
1982 31.7% 57.7% - -
1981 31.5% 52.8% - -
1980 33.5% 47.8% - -
1979 33.2% 43.8% - -
1978 32.1% 39% - -
1977 30.4% 31.1% - -
1976 29.1% 26.1% - -
1975 28.5% 20.9% - -
1974 25.5% 16.7% - -
1973 23.3% 15.9% - -
1972 23.1% 16.3% - -
1971 21.8% 12.6% - -
1970 20.2% 11.2% - -
1969 19.8% 11.4% - -
1968 20.1% 11.8% - -
1967 19.9% 11.4% - -
1966 20.8% 11.2% - -
1965 20.4% 9.78% - -
1964 19.8% 8.53% - -
1963 20% 8.66% - -
1962 19.4% 9.01% - -
1961 18.2% 8.44% - -
1960 18.4% 10.4% - -

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1960–1989, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/japan/san-marino | CC BY

In 2025, Japan's government spending was $1.63T, accounting for 36.9% of its GDP, while San Marino spent $439M, or 22% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 206.5% in Japan and 60.6% in San Marino, ranking 3/185 and 75/185, respectively.

Government deficit by year

Deficit/surplus
Japan

San Marino
1x
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
Japan San Marino
2025 -1.05% -1%
2024 -1.67% 0.39%
2023 -2.39% -0.72%
2022 -4.23% 0.42%
2021 -6.32% -16.4%
2020 -9.04% -37.6%
2019 -3.05% -0.11%
2018 -2.44% -1.56%
2017 -3.05% -3.49%
2016 -3.58% -0.19%
2015 -3.64% -3.32%
2014 -5.58% 1.06%
2013 -7.62% -7.74%
2012 -8.22% -7.08%
2011 -9.02% -4.05%
2010 -9.05% -2.24%
2009 -9.62% -2.46%
2008 -4.07% 0.18%
2007 -2.86% 1.83%
2006 -3% 1.51%
2005 -4.39% 3.58%
2004 -5.26% 2.44%
2003 -7.35% -
2002 -7.22% -
2001 -6.11% -
2000 -7.17% -
1999 -6.68% -
1998 -9.91% -
1997 -3.44% -
1996 -4.75% -
1995 -4.22% -
1994 -3.7% -
1993 -2.34% -
1992 0.56% -
1991 1.64% -
1990 1.91% -
1989 1.23% -
1988 0.49% -
1987 -0.36% -
1986 -1.36% -
1985 -1.37% -
1984 -2.62% -
1983 -3.95% -
1982 -3.81% -
1981 -3.85% -
1980 -4.66% -
1979 -5% -
1978 -5.79% -
1977 -4.02% -
1976 -3.89% -
1975 -2.92% -
1974 0.38% -
1973 0.56% -
1972 -0.13% -
1971 1.21% -
1970 1.74% -
1969 1.26% -
1968 0.88% -
1967 0.8% -
1966 -0.34% -
1965 0.48% -
1964 0.85% -
1963 1.08% -
1962 1.49% -
1961 2.58% -
1960 1.85% -
1959 0.97% -
1958 -0.1% -
1957 1.27% -
1956 1.39% -
1955 -0.67% -
1954 0.7% -
1953 1.65% -
1952 2.22% -
1951 5.06% -
1950 6.99% -
1949 12.5% -
1948 7.53% -
1947 6.09% -
1946 - -
1945 - -
1944 - -
1943 0.32% -
1942 -0.13% -
1941 -0.19% -
1940 0.31% -
1939 0.11% -
1938 0.45% -
1937 0.71% -
1936 0.34% -
1935 0.26% -
1934 0.34% -
1933 0.28% -
1932 0.31% -
1931 0.23% -
1930 0.19% -
1929 0.5% -
1928 0.42% -
1927 0.58% -
1926 0.65% -
1925 0.75% -
1924 0.84% -
1923 0.87% -
1922 0.89% -
1921 1.43% -
1920 1.19% -
1919 1.21% -
1918 1.58% -
1917 1.54% -
1916 1.37% -
1915 1.41% -
1914 1.31% -
1913 1.21% -
1912 1.27% -
1911 1.21% -
1910 1.57% -
1909 1.51% -
1908 1.63% -
1907 1.77% -
1906 0.46% -
1905 -0.68% -
1904 -0.81% -
1903 0.19% -
1902 0.44% -
1901 0.21% -
1900 0.53% -
1899 0.2% -
1898 0.6% -
1897 0.33% -
1896 0.88% -
1895 0.28% -
1894 -0.24% -
1893 0.6% -
1892 0.63% -
1891 0.61% -
1890 0.74% -
1889 0.18% -
1888 0.13% -
1887 0.11% -
1886 0.03% -
1885 0.01% -
1884 0.001% -
1883 0.03% -
1882 0.001% -
1881 0.001% -
1880 0.004% -
1879 0.02% -
1878 0.02% -
1877 -0.29% -
1876 -0.42% -
1875 0.005% -

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1875–1989, retrieved 2026-07-08); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/japan/san-marino | CC BY

In 2023, Japan's government deficit, the difference between spending and revenue, was $105B, equivalent to 2.39% of GDP. This compares to San Marino's deficit of $14.7M, or 0.72% of GDP.

Over the past 20 years, Japan recorded a fiscal deficit in 20 of those years, while San Marino ran a deficit in 13 years. On average, Japan posted an annual deficit equal to 5.32% of GDP, compared to deficit of 3.8% of GDP for San Marino.

Inflation comparison by year

Inflation
Japan

San Marino
1x
Year Consumer prices inflation
Japan San Marino
2025 3.17% 2.3%
2024 2.74% 1.2%
2023 3.27% 5.9%
2022 2.5% 5.3%
2021 -0.23% 1.6%
2020 -0.02% -0.1%
2019 0.47% 0.5%
2018 0.99% 1.2%
2017 0.48% 1%
2016 -0.13% 0.6%
2015 0.8% 0.1%
2014 2.76% 1.1%
2013 0.34% 1.6%
2012 -0.04% 2.8%
2011 -0.27% 2.2%
2010 -0.73% 2.4%
2009 -1.35% 2.4%
2008 1.38% 4.1%
2007 0.06% 2.5%
2006 0.25% 2.1%
2005 -0.28% 1.7%
2004 -0.009% 1.4%
2003 -0.26% 1.3%
2002 -0.92% -
2001 -0.74% -
2000 -0.68% -
1999 -0.34% -
1998 0.66% -
1997 1.75% -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1997–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | World Economic Outlook (2003–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/japan/san-marino | CC BY

Over the past 23 years, Japan has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 0.69%, compared with 1.97% in San Marino. In 2025, inflation was 3.17% in Japan and 2.3% in San Marino.

Balance of trade

Japan San Marino
Current account balance
$216B
2025
$446M
2023
Current account balance ranking
3/190
2025
60/190
2023
Current account balance, % of GDP
+4.86%
2025
+22%
2023
Goods imports
$729B
2025
$2.25B
2023
Goods exports
$725B
2025
$2.53B
2023
Service imports
$269B
2025
$894M
2023
Service exports
$246B
2025
$1.25B
2023
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
22.9%
2024
155%
2023
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
22%
2024
186%
2023

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

Japan San Marino
Economic freedom 70.3 76
Economic freedom ranking 36/197 16/197
Property rights 94.2 n/a
Government integrity 81.1 n/a
Judicial effectiveness 97.9 n/a
Tax burden 63 n/a
Government spending 52 n/a
Fiscal health 41.7 n/a
Business freedom 77.8 n/a
Labor freedom 65.9 n/a
Monetary freedom 74.3 n/a
Trade freedom 76.2 n/a
Investment freedom 60 n/a
Financial freedom 60 n/a

Other economic metrics

Japan San Marino
Services, % of GDP
71.4%
2024
56.9%
2023
Industry, % of GDP
26.8%
2024
35.8%
2023
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
0.96%
2024
0.02%
2023
GNI, Atlas method
$4.73T
2025
$1.83B
2023
GNI per capita, PPP
$58,920
2025
$71,920
2023
Total reserves including gold
$1.37T
2025
$861M
2025
Total reserves ranking
3/177
2025
144/177
2025
Net foreign direct investment
$172B
2025
$52.7M
2023
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
$18.9B
2024
-$18.1M
2023
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
$207B
2024
$0
2024
Poverty at national poverty lines
16.1%
2020
n/a
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
27.7%
2024
16.6%
2023

GDP per capita map

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/japan/san-marino | CC BY

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Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  2. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1875–1989, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  3. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  4. U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  5. The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  6. United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  7. LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  8. Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2020, retrieved 2026-07-08)

Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) — you’re free to copy, share, remix, adapt, and use even commercially as long as you give appropriate credit and clearly indicate if you made changes. Other sources may be subject to different license terms.

The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.