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Economy of Italy vs San Marino compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank team

Italy has a GDP of $2.37T compared to $1.83B for San Marino, ranking 8/197 and 181/197 by economy size, respectively.

Italy has $3.21T in government debt (137.3% of GDP), compared to $1.31B (64.1% of GDP) in San Marino.

The chart below compares the two countries' GDP growth in both current (nominal) and constant dollars, accounting for inflation over time.

Italy
GDP, current $

GDP, constant 2015 $
San Marino
GDP, current $

GDP, constant 2015 $
Year GDP
Italy San Marino
Current $ Constant $ Current $ Constant $
1960 $42,012,422,612 $488,503,132,608 - -
1961 $46,649,487,320 $528,595,785,998 - -
1962 $52,413,872,628 $561,388,020,896 - -
1963 $60,035,924,618 $592,880,361,770 - -
1964 $65,720,771,779 $609,467,389,164 - -
1965 $70,717,012,186 $629,384,928,005 - -
1966 $76,622,444,787 $667,052,320,831 - -
1967 $84,401,995,573 $714,937,421,886 - -
1968 $91,485,448,148 $761,726,892,208 - -
1969 $100,996,667,239 $808,177,455,098 - -
1970 $113,656,669,765 $851,095,738,477 - -
1971 $124,959,712,859 $866,569,577,729 - -
1972 $145,594,833,997 $898,550,204,801 - -
1973 $175,896,529,392 $962,579,655,370 - -
1974 $200,024,444,775 $1,015,522,894,586 - -
1975 $228,220,643,535 $994,296,811,886 - -
1976 $225,235,205,862 $1,065,144,288,780 - -
1977 $258,190,019,750 $1,092,417,317,093 - -
1978 $315,784,469,541 $1,127,813,165,154 - -
1979 $394,584,507,108 $1,195,021,350,830 - -
1980 $478,356,755,596 $1,236,010,778,504 - -
1981 $431,695,533,981 $1,246,445,522,983 - -
1982 $428,257,421,618 $1,251,600,643,353 - -
1983 $444,063,496,940 $1,266,234,400,973 - -
1984 $438,896,930,791 $1,307,081,253,664 - -
1985 $453,259,761,687 $1,343,654,508,026 - -
1986 $641,862,313,287 $1,382,082,648,971 - -
1987 $807,570,134,449 $1,426,198,182,881 - -
1988 $893,663,934,841 $1,486,018,315,012 - -
1989 $930,801,709,004 $1,536,370,314,480 - -
1990 $1,183,945,130,899 $1,566,879,170,826 - -
1991 $1,249,092,439,519 $1,590,984,785,700 - -
1992 $1,323,204,350,354 $1,604,257,980,661 - -
1993 $1,067,412,587,671 $1,590,576,776,648 - -
1994 $1,101,750,159,702 $1,624,790,459,615 - -
1995 $1,177,369,428,266 $1,671,695,507,214 - -
1996 $1,314,776,508,972 $1,694,189,587,392 - -
1997 $1,244,988,176,444 $1,726,814,955,887 $976,606,694 $1,248,966,330
1998 $1,272,729,786,997 $1,757,973,143,578 $1,048,316,128 $1,342,209,396
1999 $1,255,004,736,464 $1,787,471,784,896 $1,109,473,368 $1,463,670,758
2000 $1,149,661,363,439 $1,856,863,206,513 $1,007,661,367 $1,495,569,702
2001 $1,172,041,488,806 $1,894,119,928,193 $1,059,529,812 $1,578,997,708
2002 $1,281,746,271,196 $1,899,232,719,747 $1,148,872,072 $1,583,905,238
2003 $1,582,930,016,539 $1,900,496,731,462 $1,462,590,267 $1,645,249,360
2004 $1,812,808,753,295 $1,928,510,465,814 $1,715,340,543 $1,720,089,190
2005 $1,864,982,261,287 $1,943,213,635,519 $1,786,514,058 $1,761,803,193
2006 $1,958,563,654,386 $1,978,181,374,738 $1,909,765,165 $1,829,281,727
2007 $2,222,524,108,128 $2,007,108,163,772 $2,188,654,628 $1,959,331,267
2008 $2,417,508,414,187 $1,986,572,667,176 $2,403,213,305 $1,949,516,207
2009 $2,209,484,319,013 $1,881,181,927,615 $2,064,277,126 $1,748,307,486
2010 $2,144,936,254,535 $1,909,947,188,309 $1,881,191,925 $1,652,610,655
2011 $2,306,974,020,278 $1,923,230,167,273 $1,813,717,439 $1,515,199,821
2012 $2,097,929,495,122 $1,863,124,632,394 $1,604,701,299 $1,408,461,048
2013 $2,153,225,581,941 $1,829,252,558,793 $1,678,741,475 $1,397,419,106
2014 $2,173,255,507,986 $1,829,227,175,768 $1,673,911,426 $1,387,604,047
2015 $1,845,428,048,839 $1,845,428,048,839 $1,419,401,071 $1,419,401,071
2016 $1,887,111,188,177 $1,868,241,619,490 $1,468,343,140 $1,452,677,592
2017 $1,970,720,904,585 $1,898,202,609,462 $1,528,620,346 $1,456,429,357
2018 $2,099,435,266,459 $1,913,894,038,927 $1,655,353,653 $1,478,187,033
2019 $2,019,606,796,584 $1,922,107,755,078 $1,616,232,125 $1,508,721,723
2020 $1,907,481,094,079 $1,751,650,987,235 $1,544,714,493 $1,408,423,248
2021 $2,179,207,773,596 $1,908,092,024,821 $1,855,396,000 $1,604,162,946
2022 $2,104,067,630,319 $2,000,084,512,920 $1,831,700,577 $1,730,866,818
2023 $2,304,605,139,863 $2,014,392,567,519 - -
2024 $2,372,774,547,793 $2,029,012,875,282 - -

Economic indicators

Italy San Marino
Gross domestic product
$2.37T
2024
$1.83B
2022
GDP rank
8/197
2024
181/197
2022
GDP growth
2.96%
2023-2024
-1.28%
2021-2022
GDP per capita
$40,226
2024
$54,265
2022
GDP per capita rank
29/197
2024
20/197
2022
GDP per capita, PPP
$60,847
2024
$75,941
2022
Government debt
$3.21T
2024
$1.31B
2022
Debt-to-GDP ratio
137.3%
2025
64.1%
2025
Government debt per person
$54,420
2024
$38,712
2022
Government debt per person rank
6/185
2024
15/185
2022
Average annual personal income after taxes
$23,309
2025
$44,308
2025
Market capitalization of domestic companies
$587B
2014
n/a
Number of millionaires
1,338,142
2024
n/a
Number of billionaires
74
2025
n/a
Income share by richest 10%
25.8%
2023
n/a
Income share by poorest 10%
2.3%
2023
n/a
Government expenditure, % of GDP
50.8%
2025
22.1%
2025
Consumer prices inflation
0.98%
2023-2024
2%
2024-2025
Unemployment rate
6.5%
2024
4.91%
2022
Population
58790597
33996

GDP per capita in Italy vs San Marino

Italy's GDP per capita is $40,226, ranking 29/197, compared to $54,265 in San Marino, ranking 20/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), Italy ranks 31st at $60,847, while San Marino ranks 17th at $75,941.

Italy
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
San Marino
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Year Current $
Italy San Marino
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
1960 $837 - - -
1961 $923 - - -
1962 $1,030 - - -
1963 $1,171 - - -
1964 $1,272 - - -
1965 $1,357 - - -
1966 $1,459 - - -
1967 $1,595 - - -
1968 $1,718 - - -
1969 $1,886 - - -
1970 $2,112 - - -
1971 $2,311 - - -
1972 $2,677 - - -
1973 $3,213 - - -
1974 $3,629 - - -
1975 $4,116 - - -
1976 $4,042 - - -
1977 $4,614 - - -
1978 $5,623 - - -
1979 $7,006 - - -
1980 $8,476 - - -
1981 $7,640 - - -
1982 $7,574 - - -
1983 $7,851 - - -
1984 $7,758 - - -
1985 $8,009 - - -
1986 $11,341 - - -
1987 $14,268 - - -
1988 $15,781 - - -
1989 $16,424 - - -
1990 $20,874 $18,668 - -
1991 $22,007 $19,583 - -
1992 $23,297 $20,182 - -
1993 $18,782 $20,472 - -
1994 $19,382 $21,354 - -
1995 $20,712 $22,431 - -
1996 $23,123 $23,092 - -
1997 $21,884 $23,931 $37,853 $44,426
1998 $22,365 $25,074 $40,127 $47,679
1999 $22,050 $25,655 $41,932 $52,064
2000 $20,190 $27,146 $37,601 $53,713
2001 $20,570 $28,137 $39,035 $57,252
2002 $22,451 $28,833 $41,791 $57,584
2003 $27,578 $29,253 $52,530 $60,224
2004 $31,348 $29,585 $58,232 $61,114
2005 $32,063 $30,138 $59,878 $63,739
2006 $33,537 $32,461 $63,271 $67,434
2007 $37,826 $34,109 $70,124 $71,744
2008 $40,829 $35,422 $75,902 $71,724
2009 $37,100 $34,484 $62,429 $61,970
2010 $35,857 $34,978 $56,543 $58,926
2011 $38,432 $36,392 $55,601 $56,240
2012 $34,854 $36,281 $47,946 $51,274
2013 $35,702 $36,459 $50,808 $50,770
2014 $36,028 $36,666 $51,260 $52,909
2015 $30,640 $37,394 $43,147 $52,247
2016 $31,392 $40,483 $44,359 $53,033
2017 $32,844 $42,142 $45,192 $52,463
2018 $34,904 $43,387 $47,951 $54,461
2019 $33,813 $46,662 $46,627 $57,444
2020 $32,091 $44,436 $44,427 $55,207
2021 $36,853 $49,825 $54,169 $64,745
2022 $35,654 $56,247 $54,265 $75,941
2023 $39,065 $57,893 - -
2024 $40,226 $60,847 - -

Spending and national debt comparison

In 2024, Italy's government spending was $1.2T, accounting for 50.8% of its GDP, while San Marino's spent $397M, or 22.1% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 137.3% in Italy and 64.1% in San Marino, ranking 10/185 and 69/185, respectively.

Italy
Government spending

Government debt
San Marino
Government spending

Government debt
Year % of GDP
Italy San Marino
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
1960 16.5% 31.4% - -
1961 17.3% 30% - -
1962 17.5% 29% - -
1963 16.7% 27.2% - -
1964 18.2% 27.2% - -
1965 18.6% 28.4% - -
1966 19.1% 33.4% - -
1967 17.9% 33.3% - -
1968 32.6% 36.4% - -
1969 32.1% 37% - -
1970 32.3% 37.8% - -
1971 34.4% 42.4% - -
1972 36.4% 48.2% - -
1973 35.3% 51.1% - -
1974 34.8% 50.8% - -
1975 39.1% 57.9% - -
1976 38.1% 57.3% - -
1977 38.5% 56% - -
1978 40.9% 59.9% - -
1979 40.1% 58.9% - -
1980 40.8% 55.1% - -
1981 44.6% 57.3% - -
1982 46.7% 61.8% - -
1983 48.9% 67.8% - -
1984 49.1% 73.1% - -
1985 49.8% 79.1% - -
1986 50.5% 83.4% - -
1987 49.8% 87.4% - -
1988 50.4% 89.2% - -
1989 51.6% 91.8% - -
1990 54.2% 101.7% - -
1991 55.3% 105.3% - -
1992 56.8% 113% - -
1993 57.8% 124.1% - -
1994 55.1% 130.8% - -
1995 51.4% 119.1% - -
1996 51.3% 118.9% - -
1997 49.3% 116.5% - -
1998 48% 113.9% - -
1999 47.1% 113.1% - -
2000 46.4% 108.7% - -
2001 47.1% 108.5% - 11.6%
2002 46.5% 105.9% - 17.2%
2003 47% 105.1% - 16.1%
2004 46.7% 104.7% 19% 16.9%
2005 47.1% 106.2% 19.3% 14.5%
2006 47.6% 106.3% 19.7% 14.2%
2007 46.6% 103.5% 20.7% 12.6%
2008 47.8% 105.8% 22% 15.5%
2009 51.1% 116.1% 24.8% 20.1%
2010 49.8% 118.7% 24.4% 20%
2011 49% 119.1% 25.4% 16.6%
2012 50.5% 125.9% 30.6% 17.2%
2013 50.9% 131.8% 30.2% 23.2%
2014 50.7% 134.8% 23.7% 21%
2015 50.2% 134.7% 26.3% 19.3%
2016 49% 134.2% 23.4% 21.4%
2017 48.8% 133.7% 25.6% 56.6%
2018 48.3% 134.1% 24.5% 56.7%
2019 48.4% 133.8% 22.4% 56.2%
2020 56.8% 154.3% 59.2% 69.8%
2021 56% 145.7% 37.1% 77.2%
2022 54.9% 138.3% 21.7% 71.3%
2023 54% 134.6% 21.9% 69.9%
2024 50.6% 135.3% 22.4% 65.2%
2025 50.8% 137.3% 22.1% 64.1%

Government deficit by year

In 2022, Italy's government deficit, the difference between spending and revenue, was -$171B, equivalent to -8.11% of GDP. This compares to San Marino's surplus of $7.76M, or 0.42% of GDP.

Over the past 19 years, Italy recorded a fiscal deficit in 19 of those years, while San Marino ran a deficit in 12 years. On average, Italy posted an annual deficit equal to -3.89% of GDP, compared to deficit of -3.96% of GDP for San Marino.

Deficit/surplus
Italy

San Marino
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
Italy San Marino
1862 -3.96% -
1863 -4.16% -
1864 -3.06% -
1865 -2.72% -
1866 -3.1% -
1867 -1.45% -
1868 -0.79% -
1869 0.33% -
1870 -0.82% -
1871 -0.13% -
1872 0% -
1873 0.21% -
1874 -0.08% -
1875 0.58% -
1876 -0.05% -
1877 -0.009% -
1878 0.09% -
1879 0.73% -
1880 0.38% -
1881 -0.04% -
1882 -0.5% -
1883 -0.51% -
1884 -1.46% -
1885 0.2% -
1886 -0.5% -
1887 -1.94% -
1888 -2.11% -
1889 -1.32% -
1890 -0.32% -
1891 -1.41% -
1892 -0.25% -
1893 -0.49% -
1894 -0.23% -
1895 -0.69% -
1896 -0.43% -
1897 0.009% -
1898 -0.21% -
1899 -0.11% -
1900 0.28% -
1901 0.36% -
1902 0.48% -
1903 0.32% -
1904 0.58% -
1905 -1.57% -
1906 -0.69% -
1907 -0.51% -
1908 -1.31% -
1909 -0.69% -
1910 -0.32% -
1911 -0.63% -
1912 -1.86% -
1913 -0.86% -
1914 -12.4% -
1915 -25.8% -
1916 -28.2% -
1917 -27.6% -
1918 -22.7% -
1919 -11.2% -
1920 -5.89% -
1921 -7.77% -
1922 -11% -
1923 -3.21% -
1924 1.19% -
1925 1.7% -
1926 -0.09% -
1927 -1.71% -
1928 -2.09% -
1929 -0.59% -
1930 -0.55% -
1931 -2.14% -
1932 -3.06% -
1933 -4.85% -
1934 -2.5% -
1935 -9.83% -
1936 -7.93% -
1937 -5.78% -
1938 -5.97% -
1939 -9.49% -
1940 -24.3% -
1941 -25.1% -
1942 -26.9% -
1943 -16.1% -
1944 -35.1% -
1945 -16.9% -
1946 -9.82% -
1947 -6.62% -
1948 -4.58% -
1949 -2.82% -
1950 -2.42% -
1951 -3.86% -
1952 -4.08% -
1953 -2.33% -
1954 -1.84% -
1955 -2.03% -
1956 -1.46% -
1957 -1.09% -
1958 -0.98% -
1959 -1% -
1960 -0.28% -
1961 -0.57% -
1962 -0.95% -
1963 -0.3% -
1964 -2.35% -
1965 -2.67% -
1966 -1.59% -
1967 -0.97% -
1968 -2.55% -
1969 -2.85% -
1970 -3.22% -
1971 -4.71% -
1972 -6.84% -
1973 -6.36% -
1974 -6.24% -
1975 -10.3% -
1976 -7.88% -
1977 -6.96% -
1978 -8.47% -
1979 -8.23% -
1980 -6.97% -
1981 -10.9% -
1982 -10% -
1983 -10.1% -
1984 -11.5% -
1985 -12.4% -
1986 -12% -
1987 -11.5% -
1988 -11% -
1989 -11.4% -
1990 -11.1% -
1991 -11.1% -
1992 -10.1% -
1993 -9.76% -
1994 -8.84% -
1995 -7.2% -
1996 -6.61% -
1997 -2.98% -
1998 -2.99% -
1999 -1.77% -
2000 -2.42% -
2001 -3.18% -
2002 -2.88% -
2003 -3.23% -
2004 -3.46% 2.44%
2005 -4.1% 3.58%
2006 -3.61% 1.51%
2007 -1.33% 1.83%
2008 -2.58% 0.18%
2009 -5.06% -2.46%
2010 -4.16% -2.24%
2011 -3.52% -4.05%
2012 -2.99% -7.08%
2013 -2.87% -7.74%
2014 -2.82% 1.06%
2015 -2.46% -3.32%
2016 -2.4% -0.19%
2017 -2.51% -3.49%
2018 -2.19% -1.56%
2019 -1.45% -0.11%
2020 -9.38% -37.6%
2021 -8.88% -16.4%
2022 -8.11% 0.42%
2023 -7.24% -0.73%
2024 -3.45% -1.85%
2025 -3.26% -1.71%

Inflation comparison by year

Over the past 22 years, Italy has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 1.96%, compared with 1.95% in San Marino. In 2024, inflation was 0.98% in Italy and 2% in San Marino.

Inflation
Italy

San Marino
Year Inflation
Italy San Marino Italy San Marino
1996 4.01% -
1997 2.04% -
1998 1.96% -
1999 1.66% -
2000 2.54% -
2001 2.79% -
2002 2.47% -
2003 2.67% 1.3%
2004 2.21% 1.4%
2005 1.99% 1.7%
2006 2.09% 2.1%
2007 1.83% 2.5%
2008 3.35% 4.1%
2009 0.77% 2.4%
2010 1.53% 2.4%
2011 2.78% 2.2%
2012 3.04% 2.8%
2013 1.22% 1.6%
2014 0.24% 1.1%
2015 0.04% 0.1%
2016 -0.09% 0.6%
2017 1.23% 1%
2018 1.14% 1.2%
2019 0.61% 0.5%
2020 -0.14% -0.1%
2021 1.87% 1.6%
2022 8.2% 5.3%
2023 5.62% 5.9%
2024 0.98% 1.2%
2025 - 2%

Balance of trade

Italy San Marino
Current account balance
$26.8B
2024
$284M
2022
Current account balance ranking
19/189
2024
61/189
2022
Current account balance, % of GDP
+1.13%
2024
+15.5%
2022
Goods imports
$554B
2024
$2.32B
2022
Goods exports
$624B
2024
$2.73B
2022
Service imports
$163B
2024
$849M
2022
Service exports
$155B
2024
$891M
2022
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
30.4%
2024
173%
2022
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
32.7%
2024
197.4%
2022

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

Italy San Marino
Economic freedom 60.9 76
Economic freedom ranking 89/197 16/197
Property rights 82.2 n/a
Government integrity 60.6 n/a
Judicial effectiveness 78.8 n/a
Tax burden 57.4 n/a
Government spending 9.5 n/a
Fiscal health 0 n/a
Business freedom 77.6 n/a
Labor freedom 70.7 n/a
Monetary freedom 74.2 n/a
Trade freedom 79.6 n/a
Investment freedom 80 n/a
Financial freedom 60 n/a

More economic indicators

Italy San Marino
Services, % of GDP
65.6%
2024
55.1%
2022
Industry, % of GDP
21.7%
2024
37.6%
2022
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
2.03%
2024
0.01%
2022
GNI, Atlas method
$2.26T
2024
$1.82B
2022
GNI per capita, PPP
$60,460
2024
$69,360
2022
Total reserves including gold
$291B
2024
$759M
2024
Total reserves ranking
12/177
2024
147/177
2024
Net foreign direct investment
$12.3B
2024
-$20.3M
2022
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
$21.8B
2024
$85.9M
2022
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
$34.1B
2024
$65.6M
2022
Poverty at national poverty lines
20.1%
2021
n/a
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
22.4%
2024
23%
2022

GDP per capita map

GDP per capita

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Economy comparisons

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The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.