Canada has an annual birth rate of 8.8 births per 1,000 people, compared to 7.7 for Latvia. The average number of children a woman is expected to have during her lifetime — the fertility rate, is 1.26 in Canada and 1.36 in Latvia — 7.94% difference.
1960 vs 2023, the fertility rate has decreased by -66.9% in Canada and by -29.9% in Latvia — in 1960, it was 3.81 and 1.94, respectively.
Birth rates facts compared:
- Canada is ranked 166/196 by birth rate compared to 181/196 for Latvia.
- The mean age for first-time mothers is 30 years in Canada, compared to 28 years in Latvia.
- The mean age at childbearing (for all the births, not just the first) is 31.6 in Canada — it's 30.5 in Latvia.
- Annual births per 1,000 women ages 15-19 (adolescent birth rate or teenage mother rate) is 4.81 in Canada vs 7.57 in Latvia.
- In Canada, 22.6% of the population is composed of women of reproductive age (15-49), compared to 20.7% in Latvia.
- Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was +0.07% in Canada and -0.72% in Latvia.
Birth rate data compared
Canada
|
Latvia
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Fertility rate | 1.26 | 1.36 |
| Birth rate | 8.8 | 7.7 |
| Birth rate rank | 166/196 | 181/196 |
| Age at first childbirth | 30 years | 28 years |
| Average age at childbearing | 31.6 years | 30.5 years |
| Annual births per 1,000 women ages 15-19 | 4.23 | 7.13 |
| Annual births per 1,000 women ages 20-29 | 48.2 | 60.1 |
| Annual births per 1,000 women ages 30+ | 17.2 | 11.5 |
| Female of reproductive age (15-49), share of population | 22.6% | 20.7% |
| Any modern method of contraceptive prevalence among married women ages 15-49 | 73.3% | 55.6% |
| Share of births attended by skilled health staff | 98% | 99.9% |
| Maternal mortality per live birth | 0.01% | 0.02% |
| Neonatal mortality rate (before reaching 28 days of age) | 0.34% | 0.15% |
| Infant mortality rate (before reaching 1 year of age) | 0.44% | 0.25% |
| Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births | 0.51% | 0.3% |
| Population change due to births and deaths | +28,058 | -13,517 |
| Natural population change rank | 104/196 | 172/196 |
| Natural population change rate | +0.07% | -0.72% |
| Population growth | +3.01% | -0.8% |
| Population growth rank | 15/197 | 190/197 |
| Life expectancy | 82.9 years | 76.5 years |
Fertility rate in Canada vs Latvia chart
According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Canada was 1.26 children per woman in 2023, compared to 1.36 in Latvia in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.
Check Canada vs Latvia population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.
The chart below showcases historical changes in the birth rates.
Canada
Factual
UN forecast
Latvia
Factual
UN forecast
Births per woman
| Year | Fertility rate | |
|---|---|---|
|
Canada
|
Latvia
|
|
| 1960 | 3.81 | 1.94 |
| 1961 | 3.75 | 1.94 |
| 1962 | 3.68 | 1.91 |
| 1963 | 3.61 | 1.85 |
| 1964 | 3.46 | 1.79 |
| 1965 | 3.12 | 1.74 |
| 1966 | 2.75 | 1.76 |
| 1967 | 2.53 | 1.8 |
| 1968 | 2.39 | 1.83 |
| 1969 | 2.33 | 1.88 |
| 1970 | 2.26 | 1.96 |
| 1971 | 2.14 | 2 |
| 1972 | 1.98 | 2 |
| 1973 | 1.89 | 1.98 |
| 1974 | 1.84 | 1.97 |
| 1975 | 1.82 | 1.96 |
| 1976 | 1.8 | 1.93 |
| 1977 | 1.78 | 1.89 |
| 1978 | 1.77 | 1.87 |
| 1979 | 1.75 | 1.87 |
| 1980 | 1.74 | 1.86 |
| 1981 | 1.7 | 1.88 |
| 1982 | 1.69 | 1.97 |
| 1983 | 1.68 | 2.07 |
| 1984 | 1.65 | 2.09 |
| 1985 | 1.67 | 2.08 |
| 1986 | 1.68 | 2.12 |
| 1987 | 1.68 | 2.15 |
| 1988 | 1.68 | 2.11 |
| 1989 | 1.77 | 2.05 |
| 1990 | 1.83 | 2.02 |
| 1991 | 1.72 | 1.86 |
| 1992 | 1.71 | 1.73 |
| 1993 | 1.69 | 1.51 |
| 1994 | 1.69 | 1.39 |
| 1995 | 1.67 | 1.25 |
| 1996 | 1.63 | 1.16 |
| 1997 | 1.57 | 1.11 |
| 1998 | 1.56 | 1.09 |
| 1999 | 1.55 | 1.16 |
| 2000 | 1.51 | 1.25 |
| 2001 | 1.54 | 1.22 |
| 2002 | 1.52 | 1.26 |
| 2003 | 1.55 | 1.32 |
| 2004 | 1.56 | 1.29 |
| 2005 | 1.58 | 1.39 |
| 2006 | 1.63 | 1.46 |
| 2007 | 1.67 | 1.54 |
| 2008 | 1.7 | 1.58 |
| 2009 | 1.69 | 1.46 |
| 2010 | 1.65 | 1.36 |
| 2011 | 1.63 | 1.33 |
| 2012 | 1.63 | 1.44 |
| 2013 | 1.61 | 1.52 |
| 2014 | 1.61 | 1.65 |
| 2015 | 1.6 | 1.7 |
| 2016 | 1.59 | 1.74 |
| 2017 | 1.55 | 1.69 |
| 2018 | 1.51 | 1.6 |
| 2019 | 1.47 | 1.61 |
| 2020 | 1.41 | 1.55 |
| 2021 | 1.44 | 1.57 |
| 2022 | 1.33 | 1.47 |
| 2023 | 1.26 | 1.36 |
| 2024 | 1.25 | 1.36 |
| 2025 | 1.24 | 1.37 |
| 2026 | 1.24 | 1.38 |
| 2027 | 1.23 | 1.38 |
| 2028 | 1.24 | 1.39 |
| 2029 | 1.23 | 1.39 |
| 2030 | 1.24 | 1.4 |
| 2031 | 1.24 | 1.4 |
| 2032 | 1.24 | 1.41 |
| 2033 | 1.25 | 1.41 |
| 2034 | 1.25 | 1.41 |
| 2035 | 1.25 | 1.42 |
| 2036 | 1.26 | 1.42 |
| 2037 | 1.26 | 1.42 |
| 2038 | 1.26 | 1.43 |
| 2039 | 1.27 | 1.43 |
| 2040 | 1.27 | 1.43 |
| 2041 | 1.27 | 1.44 |
| 2042 | 1.28 | 1.44 |
| 2043 | 1.28 | 1.44 |
| 2044 | 1.28 | 1.45 |
| 2045 | 1.28 | 1.45 |
| 2046 | 1.29 | 1.45 |
| 2047 | 1.29 | 1.46 |
| 2048 | 1.29 | 1.46 |
| 2049 | 1.3 | 1.46 |
| 2050 | 1.3 | 1.47 |
Children 0-14 years as share of population
Canada
Factual
UN forecast
Latvia
Factual
UN forecast
| Year | Share of people 0-14 years old | |
|---|---|---|
|
Canada
|
Latvia
|
|
| 1960 | 33.8% | 22.2% |
| 1961 | 33.9% | 22.4% |
| 1962 | 33.9% | 22.6% |
| 1963 | 33.9% | 22.5% |
| 1964 | 33.7% | 22.4% |
| 1965 | 33.3% | 22.2% |
| 1966 | 32.9% | 22% |
| 1967 | 32.3% | 21.8% |
| 1968 | 31.6% | 21.7% |
| 1969 | 31% | 21.6% |
| 1970 | 30.2% | 21.6% |
| 1971 | 29.3% | 21.5% |
| 1972 | 28.6% | 21.5% |
| 1973 | 27.8% | 21.3% |
| 1974 | 27% | 21.2% |
| 1975 | 26.2% | 21% |
| 1976 | 25.5% | 20.8% |
| 1977 | 24.7% | 20.6% |
| 1978 | 24% | 20.5% |
| 1979 | 23.4% | 20.4% |
| 1980 | 22.8% | 20.5% |
| 1981 | 22.3% | 20.6% |
| 1982 | 22% | 20.8% |
| 1983 | 21.8% | 20.9% |
| 1984 | 21.6% | 21.1% |
| 1985 | 21.3% | 21.2% |
| 1986 | 21.1% | 21.3% |
| 1987 | 20.9% | 21.3% |
| 1988 | 20.8% | 21.4% |
| 1989 | 20.8% | 21.4% |
| 1990 | 20.7% | 21.5% |
| 1991 | 20.7% | 21.5% |
| 1992 | 20.7% | 21.4% |
| 1993 | 20.7% | 21.2% |
| 1994 | 20.6% | 21% |
| 1995 | 20.4% | 20.7% |
| 1996 | 20.2% | 20.2% |
| 1997 | 20% | 19.7% |
| 1998 | 19.8% | 19% |
| 1999 | 19.5% | 18.3% |
| 2000 | 19.2% | 17.7% |
| 2001 | 18.9% | 17% |
| 2002 | 18.6% | 16.4% |
| 2003 | 18.3% | 15.8% |
| 2004 | 18% | 15.2% |
| 2005 | 17.7% | 14.7% |
| 2006 | 17.4% | 14.4% |
| 2007 | 17.1% | 14.1% |
| 2008 | 16.9% | 14% |
| 2009 | 16.7% | 14.1% |
| 2010 | 16.6% | 14.2% |
| 2011 | 16.4% | 14.2% |
| 2012 | 16.3% | 14.4% |
| 2013 | 16.3% | 14.6% |
| 2014 | 16.2% | 14.8% |
| 2015 | 16.2% | 15.1% |
| 2016 | 16.2% | 15.4% |
| 2017 | 16.2% | 15.7% |
| 2018 | 16.1% | 15.8% |
| 2019 | 16% | 15.9% |
| 2020 | 15.9% | 16% |
| 2021 | 15.7% | 16% |
| 2022 | 15.5% | 15.9% |
| 2023 | 15.3% | 15.7% |
| 2024 | 15.1% | 15.4% |
| 2025 | 15% | 15.2% |
| 2026 | 14.9% | 15% |
| 2027 | 14.7% | 14.8% |
| 2028 | 14.6% | 14.5% |
| 2029 | 14.5% | 14.1% |
| 2030 | 14.4% | 13.7% |
| 2031 | 14.3% | 13.2% |
| 2032 | 14.2% | 12.8% |
| 2033 | 14.1% | 12.4% |
| 2034 | 14% | 12.2% |
| 2035 | 13.9% | 11.9% |
| 2036 | 13.9% | 11.7% |
| 2037 | 13.8% | 11.6% |
| 2038 | 13.8% | 11.6% |
| 2039 | 13.7% | 11.6% |
| 2040 | 13.7% | 11.7% |
| 2041 | 13.6% | 11.7% |
| 2042 | 13.6% | 11.8% |
| 2043 | 13.6% | 12% |
| 2044 | 13.5% | 12.1% |
| 2045 | 13.5% | 12.2% |
| 2046 | 13.5% | 12.4% |
| 2047 | 13.5% | 12.5% |
| 2048 | 13.5% | 12.6% |
| 2049 | 13.5% | 12.7% |
| 2050 | 13.5% | 12.8% |
Children aged 0-14 make up 15.1% of the population in Canada and 15.4% in Latvia in 2024, compared to 20.7% and 21.5% respectively in 1990.
Natural population change in Canada vs Latvia by year
For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change (excluding migration) has been +0.22% in Canada and -0.54% in Latvia. The chart below illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes resulting from births and deaths.
Canada
Latvia
Natural population change
| Year | Population change due to births and deaths | |
|---|---|---|
|
Canada
|
Latvia
|
|
| 1960 | 338,487 | 14,211 |
| 1961 | 334,360 | 14,207 |
| 1962 | 325,745 | 11,562 |
| 1963 | 318,595 | 11,055 |
| 1964 | 307,268 | 12,100 |
| 1965 | 269,589 | 8,384 |
| 1966 | 236,566 | 8,677 |
| 1967 | 220,450 | 7,825 |
| 1968 | 211,589 | 7,668 |
| 1969 | 216,588 | 6,561 |
| 1970 | 215,372 | 7,785 |
| 1971 | 208,640 | 8,793 |
| 1972 | 188,857 | 7,666 |
| 1973 | 184,432 | 6,040 |
| 1974 | 182,464 | 6,824 |
| 1975 | 196,718 | 4,913 |
| 1976 | 196,979 | 4,200 |
| 1977 | 199,297 | 3,480 |
| 1978 | 194,102 | 2,997 |
| 1979 | 203,293 | 2,506 |
| 1980 | 203,480 | 3,265 |
| 1981 | 206,005 | 3,779 |
| 1982 | 200,935 | 6,327 |
| 1983 | 202,931 | 8,147 |
| 1984 | 204,856 | 7,430 |
| 1985 | 204,153 | 5,673 |
| 1986 | 190,532 | 10,660 |
| 1987 | 190,416 | 9,981 |
| 1988 | 192,901 | 9,022 |
| 1989 | 207,304 | 6,401 |
| 1990 | 213,222 | 2,929 |
| 1991 | 207,477 | 0 |
| 1992 | 204,273 | -3,660 |
| 1993 | 186,451 | -12,560 |
| 1994 | 179,804 | -17,645 |
| 1995 | 167,023 | -17,396 |
| 1996 | 153,973 | -14,498 |
| 1997 | 134,577 | -14,841 |
| 1998 | 126,651 | -15,906 |
| 1999 | 118,565 | -13,387 |
| 2000 | 110,469 | -11,838 |
| 2001 | 114,777 | -13,322 |
| 2002 | 106,621 | -12,475 |
| 2003 | 110,749 | -11,439 |
| 2004 | 111,786 | -11,542 |
| 2005 | 116,074 | -10,746 |
| 2006 | 130,285 | -10,204 |
| 2007 | 134,845 | -9,021 |
| 2008 | 142,963 | -6,531 |
| 2009 | 144,609 | -7,924 |
| 2010 | 139,425 | -10,278 |
| 2011 | 133,923 | -9,886 |
| 2012 | 135,382 | -9,154 |
| 2013 | 129,799 | -8,252 |
| 2014 | 127,563 | -6,779 |
| 2015 | 117,825 | -6,526 |
| 2016 | 115,555 | -6,663 |
| 2017 | 98,672 | -7,963 |
| 2018 | 88,974 | -9,636 |
| 2019 | 86,523 | -8,995 |
| 2020 | 53,241 | -11,402 |
| 2021 | 57,360 | -17,337 |
| 2022 | 15,574 | -14,847 |
| 2023 | 28,058 | -13,517 |
Fertility rates around the globe
Fertility rate
Maternal mortality chart: Canada vs Latvia
The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 12 deaths per 100,000 live births in Canada, compared to 19 deaths in Latvia.
Canada
Latvia
| Year | Maternal mortality per 100K births | |
|---|---|---|
|
Canada
|
Latvia
|
|
| 1985 | 7 | 51 |
| 1986 | 7 | 43 |
| 1987 | 7 | 44 |
| 1988 | 7 | 42 |
| 1989 | 8 | 46 |
| 1990 | 7 | 47 |
| 1991 | 8 | 46 |
| 1992 | 8 | 48 |
| 1993 | 8 | 57 |
| 1994 | 8 | 65 |
| 1995 | 8 | 59 |
| 1996 | 9 | 45 |
| 1997 | 8 | 41 |
| 1998 | 9 | 40 |
| 1999 | 9 | 40 |
| 2000 | 9 | 34 |
| 2001 | 10 | 32 |
| 2002 | 10 | 29 |
| 2003 | 10 | 30 |
| 2004 | 10 | 28 |
| 2005 | 11 | 27 |
| 2006 | 11 | 28 |
| 2007 | 11 | 27 |
| 2008 | 12 | 25 |
| 2009 | 12 | 24 |
| 2010 | 11 | 22 |
| 2011 | 11 | 22 |
| 2012 | 11 | 20 |
| 2013 | 11 | 24 |
| 2014 | 12 | 22 |
| 2015 | 11 | 22 |
| 2016 | 12 | 23 |
| 2017 | 12 | 23 |
| 2018 | 13 | 23 |
| 2019 | 12 | 22 |
| 2020 | 17 | 21 |
| 2021 | 14 | 42 |
| 2022 | 15 | 29 |
| 2023 | 12 | 19 |
Under-five mortality rates
The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 0.51% in Canada and 0.3% in Latvia. Below is the historical data on under-five mortality rates.
Canada
Latvia
Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five
| Year | Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births | |
|---|---|---|
|
Canada
|
Latvia
|
|
| 1960 | 3.26% | - |
| 1961 | 3.15% | - |
| 1962 | 3.05% | - |
| 1963 | 2.94% | - |
| 1964 | 2.82% | - |
| 1965 | 2.71% | - |
| 1966 | 2.6% | - |
| 1967 | 2.5% | - |
| 1968 | 2.4% | - |
| 1969 | 2.3% | - |
| 1970 | 2.19% | - |
| 1971 | 2.09% | - |
| 1972 | 1.99% | - |
| 1973 | 1.89% | - |
| 1974 | 1.79% | - |
| 1975 | 1.7% | - |
| 1976 | 1.6% | - |
| 1977 | 1.51% | - |
| 1978 | 1.42% | - |
| 1979 | 1.33% | 2.08% |
| 1980 | 1.25% | 2.07% |
| 1981 | 1.18% | 2.06% |
| 1982 | 1.12% | 2.03% |
| 1983 | 1.06% | 1.96% |
| 1984 | 1.01% | 1.87% |
| 1985 | 0.98% | 1.75% |
| 1986 | 0.94% | 1.64% |
| 1987 | 0.91% | 1.55% |
| 1988 | 0.88% | 1.53% |
| 1989 | 0.85% | 1.58% |
| 1990 | 0.82% | 1.7% |
| 1991 | 0.8% | 1.83% |
| 1992 | 0.77% | 1.93% |
| 1993 | 0.74% | 1.99% |
| 1994 | 0.72% | 2% |
| 1995 | 0.69% | 1.98% |
| 1996 | 0.67% | 1.9% |
| 1997 | 0.65% | 1.79% |
| 1998 | 0.64% | 1.67% |
| 1999 | 0.63% | 1.54% |
| 2000 | 0.62% | 1.42% |
| 2001 | 0.62% | 1.33% |
| 2002 | 0.62% | 1.26% |
| 2003 | 0.62% | 1.19% |
| 2004 | 0.61% | 1.12% |
| 2005 | 0.61% | 1.05% |
| 2006 | 0.6% | 0.99% |
| 2007 | 0.6% | 0.93% |
| 2008 | 0.59% | 0.88% |
| 2009 | 0.58% | 0.83% |
| 2010 | 0.57% | 0.78% |
| 2011 | 0.56% | 0.72% |
| 2012 | 0.56% | 0.66% |
| 2013 | 0.55% | 0.6% |
| 2014 | 0.54% | 0.55% |
| 2015 | 0.54% | 0.51% |
| 2016 | 0.53% | 0.47% |
| 2017 | 0.52% | 0.45% |
| 2018 | 0.52% | 0.42% |
| 2019 | 0.51% | 0.4% |
| 2020 | 0.51% | 0.37% |
| 2021 | 0.51% | 0.35% |
| 2022 | 0.51% | 0.32% |
| 2023 | 0.51% | 0.3% |
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Birth rate comparisons
