Fertility & birth rates in Panama and United States

Fertility rate in Panama vs United States by year

Chart Table

Panama

United States

1x

Year	Fertility rate
	Panama	United States
2023	2.12	1.62
2022	2.14	1.66
2021	2.15	1.66
2020	2.18	1.64
2019	2.29	1.71
2018	2.4	1.73
2017	2.46	1.77
2016	2.5	1.82
2015	2.53	1.84
2014	2.55	1.86
2013	2.57	1.86
2012	2.59	1.88
2011	2.6	1.89
2010	2.59	1.93
2009	2.59	2
2008	2.61	2.07
2007	2.61	2.12
2006	2.62	2.11
2005	2.64	2.06
2004	2.68	2.05
2003	2.68	2.05
2002	2.7	2.02
2001	2.72	2.03
2000	2.74	2.06
1999	2.77	2.01
1998	2.79	2
1997	2.81	1.97
1996	2.83	1.98
1995	2.85	1.98
1994	2.88	2
1993	2.91	2.02
1992	2.95	2.05
1991	3	2.06
1990	3.07	2.08
1989	3.12	2.01
1988	3.17	1.93
1987	3.25	1.87
1986	3.34	1.84
1985	3.43	1.84
1984	3.52	1.81
1983	3.6	1.8
1982	3.66	1.83
1981	3.72	1.81
1980	3.8	1.84
1979	3.88	1.81
1978	3.98	1.76
1977	4.12	1.79
1976	4.26	1.74
1975	4.41	1.77
1974	4.58	1.84
1973	4.74	1.88
1972	4.91	2.01
1971	5.05	2.27
1970	5.18	2.48
1969	5.29	2.46
1968	5.41	2.46
1967	5.53	2.56
1966	5.65	2.72
1965	5.73	2.91
1964	5.81	3.19
1963	5.87	3.32
1962	5.87	3.46
1961	5.87	3.62
1960	5.83	3.65

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Panama was 2.12 children per woman in 2023, compared to 1.62 in the United States in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Panama vs the United States population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

Natural population change by year

Chart Table

Panama

United States

1x

Year	Natural population change
	Panama	United States
2023	50,197	502,372
2022	50,556	399,926
2021	46,747	199,137
2020	46,599	208,862
2019	54,420	887,476
2018	57,508	955,022
2017	58,607	1,028,037
2016	59,454	1,197,627
2015	59,896	1,270,126
2014	60,227	1,357,281
2013	60,295	1,322,711
2012	60,471	1,411,822
2011	60,411	1,441,697
2010	59,418	1,548,182
2009	59,168	1,717,920
2008	58,961	1,794,154
2007	58,454	1,897,757
2006	58,067	1,849,955
2005	58,014	1,684,445
2004	58,281	1,698,271
2003	57,458	1,653,615
2002	57,011	1,581,938
2001	56,654	1,595,826
2000	56,236	1,664,758
1999	55,911	1,564,050
1998	55,482	1,573,857
1997	55,060	1,501,014
1996	54,512	1,510,137
1995	54,069	1,546,031
1994	53,845	1,633,302
1993	53,591	1,717,685
1992	53,186	1,875,328
1991	53,079	1,926,543
1990	53,451	2,026,068
1989	52,295	1,875,826
1988	52,767	1,735,943
1987	52,690	1,720,252
1986	52,681	1,656,917
1985	52,573	1,689,258
1984	52,436	1,627,192
1983	51,880	1,636,544
1982	50,858	1,714,317
1981	50,018	1,652,153
1980	49,077	1,608,450
1979	48,362	1,597,894
1978	47,694	1,402,283
1977	47,438	1,431,556
1976	47,307	1,264,604
1975	47,149	1,252,644
1974	46,932	1,218,968
1973	46,540	1,165,499
1972	46,311	1,301,355
1971	45,867	1,640,519
1970	45,075	1,824,965
1969	44,278	1,702,487
1968	43,641	1,565,507
1967	43,054	1,669,181
1966	42,457	1,749,387
1965	41,604	1,943,030
1964	40,806	2,245,099
1963	39,872	2,289,826
1962	38,537	2,406,337
1961	37,100	2,571,681
1960	35,431	2,565,530

The chart above illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes in population resulting from births and deaths.

Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was +1.13% in Panama and +0.15% in the United States.

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change has been +1.31% in Panama and +0.25% in the United States.

Birth rate in Panama vs United States by year

Chart Table

Panama

United States

Annual births per 1,000 people

1x

Year	Annual births per 1,000 people
	Panama	United States
2023	16	10.7
2022	16.2	11
2021	16.4	11
2020	16.7	10.9
2019	17.6	11.4
2018	18.5	11.6
2017	19.1	11.8
2016	19.5	12.2
2015	19.8	12.4
2014	20.1	12.5
2013	20.4	12.4
2012	20.7	12.6
2011	21	12.7
2010	21	13
2009	21.2	13.5
2008	21.4	14
2007	21.6	14.3
2006	21.8	14.3
2005	22.1	14
2004	22.5	14
2003	22.7	14.1
2002	22.9	14
2001	23.2	14.1
2000	23.5	14.4
1999	23.8	14.2
1998	24.1	14.3
1997	24.4	14.2
1996	24.6	14.4
1995	24.9	14.6
1994	25.2	15
1993	25.5	15.4
1992	25.9	15.8
1991	26.2	16.2
1990	26.8	16.7
1989	27.2	16.4
1988	27.5	16
1987	28	15.7
1986	28.5	15.6
1985	29	15.8
1984	29.5	15.6
1983	29.9	15.6
1982	30	15.9
1981	30.2	15.8
1980	30.4	15.9
1979	30.7	15.6
1978	31.1	15
1977	31.7	15.1
1976	32.5	14.6
1975	33.3	14.6
1974	34.2	14.8
1973	35	14.8
1972	36	15.6
1971	36.7	17.2
1970	37.4	18.4
1969	37.9	17.9
1968	38.5	17.6
1967	39.2	17.8
1966	39.9	18.4
1965	40.3	19.4
1964	40.8	21.1
1963	41.2	21.7
1962	41.3	22.4
1961	41.3	23.3
1960	41.1	23.7

The latest reported birth rate per 1,000 people in 2023 was 16 in Panama and 10.7 in the United States, compared with 41.1 and 23.7, respectively, in 1960.

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Chart Table

Panama

Factual

UN forecast

United States

Factual

UN forecast

1x

Year	Young
	Panama	United States
2100	14%	14.4%
2099	14%	14.4%
2098	14%	14.4%
2097	14.1%	14.4%
2096	14.1%	14.4%
2095	14.2%	14.5%
2094	14.2%	14.5%
2093	14.3%	14.5%
2092	14.3%	14.5%
2091	14.4%	14.6%
2090	14.4%	14.6%
2089	14.5%	14.7%
2088	14.6%	14.7%
2087	14.6%	14.7%
2086	14.7%	14.8%
2085	14.8%	14.8%
2084	14.8%	14.8%
2083	14.9%	14.9%
2082	15%	14.9%
2081	15.1%	14.9%
2080	15.1%	14.9%
2079	15.2%	14.9%
2078	15.3%	14.9%
2077	15.3%	14.9%
2076	15.4%	14.9%
2075	15.5%	14.9%
2074	15.6%	14.9%
2073	15.6%	14.9%
2072	15.7%	14.9%
2071	15.8%	14.9%
2070	15.9%	14.9%
2069	15.9%	14.9%
2068	16%	14.9%
2067	16.1%	14.9%
2066	16.2%	14.9%
2065	16.3%	15%
2064	16.4%	15%
2063	16.5%	15%
2062	16.7%	15.1%
2061	16.8%	15.1%
2060	16.9%	15.2%
2059	17.1%	15.3%
2058	17.2%	15.4%
2057	17.3%	15.5%
2056	17.5%	15.5%
2055	17.7%	15.6%
2054	17.8%	15.7%
2053	18%	15.8%
2052	18.2%	15.8%
2051	18.3%	15.9%
2050	18.5%	15.9%
2049	18.7%	16%
2048	18.9%	16%
2047	19%	16%
2046	19.2%	16%
2045	19.4%	16%
2044	19.5%	16%
2043	19.7%	16%
2042	19.9%	16%
2041	20.1%	15.9%
2040	20.2%	15.9%
2039	20.4%	15.9%
2038	20.6%	15.9%
2037	20.8%	15.9%
2036	20.9%	15.9%
2035	21.1%	15.9%
2034	21.4%	15.9%
2033	21.7%	16%
2032	22.1%	16.1%
2031	22.4%	16.2%
2030	22.8%	16.3%
2029	23.2%	16.5%
2028	23.6%	16.6%
2027	24%	16.8%
2026	24.3%	17%
2025	24.7%	17.2%
2024	24.9%	17.3%
2023	25.3%	17.6%
2022	25.7%	17.9%
2021	26%	18.1%
2020	26.4%	18.4%
2019	26.7%	18.6%
2018	27.1%	18.8%
2017	27.4%	18.9%
2016	27.6%	19.1%
2015	27.9%	19.2%
2014	28.2%	19.3%
2013	28.4%	19.4%
2012	28.7%	19.5%
2011	28.9%	19.6%
2010	29.2%	19.7%
2009	29.5%	19.8%
2008	29.7%	19.9%
2007	30%	20%
2006	30.3%	20.2%
2005	30.6%	20.3%
2004	31%	20.5%
2003	31.3%	20.7%
2002	31.6%	20.9%
2001	32%	21%
2000	32.4%	21.2%
1999	32.8%	21.3%
1998	33.1%	21.4%
1997	33.5%	21.5%
1996	33.9%	21.7%
1995	34.2%	21.8%
1994	34.6%	21.9%
1993	34.9%	21.9%
1992	35.3%	21.8%
1991	35.7%	21.7%
1990	36.1%	21.6%
1989	36.5%	21.5%
1988	36.9%	21.3%
1987	37.4%	21.3%
1986	37.8%	21.3%
1985	38.3%	21.5%
1984	38.8%	21.7%
1983	39.3%	21.8%
1982	39.8%	22%
1981	40.3%	22.1%
1980	40.8%	22.4%
1979	41.4%	22.8%
1978	41.9%	23.2%
1977	42.4%	23.8%
1976	42.9%	24.4%
1975	43.3%	25.2%
1974	43.6%	25.9%
1973	43.9%	26.6%
1972	44.1%	27.4%
1971	44.3%	28%
1970	44.5%	28.6%
1969	44.6%	29%
1968	44.7%	29.5%
1967	44.8%	30%
1966	44.8%	30.4%
1965	44.8%	30.7%
1964	44.7%	30.9%
1963	44.6%	31.1%
1962	44.5%	31.3%
1961	44.3%	31.4%
1960	44.2%	31.3%

Children aged 0-14 make up 24.9% of the population in Panama and 17.3% in the United States in 2024, compared to 36.1% and 21.6% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Panama and the United States compared.

Maternal mortality chart: Panama vs United States

Chart Table

Panama

United States

1x

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Panama	United States
2023	37	17
2022	40	20
2021	59	31
2020	74	22
2019	41	18
2018	43	18
2017	47	18
2016	47	18
2015	48	17
2014	49	17
2013	52	16
2012	53	16
2011	55	15
2010	56	15
2009	55	15
2008	55	14
2007	55	13
2006	56	13
2005	57	13
2004	57	13
2003	58	13
2002	59	13
2001	62	13
2000	64	12
1999	65	12
1998	68	11
1997	70	11
1996	73	11
1995	77	12
1994	78	11
1993	81	12
1992	85	11
1991	87	12
1990	89	12
1989	96	12
1988	93	12
1987	93	11
1986	94	11
1985	95	11

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 37 deaths per 100,000 live births in Panama, compared to 17 deaths in the United States.

U.S. figures are less comparable to other countries, because reporting changes between 2003 and 2018 doubled the number of maternal deaths captured in official records without an actual doubling in mortality, and coding was revised again in 2018.

Under-five mortality rates

Chart Table

Panama

United States

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

1x

Year	Under 5 mortality rate
	Panama	United States
2023	1.33%	0.65%
2022	1.39%	0.65%
2021	1.45%	0.65%
2020	1.52%	0.65%
2019	1.59%	0.65%
2018	1.65%	0.65%
2017	1.68%	0.66%
2016	1.7%	0.67%
2015	1.72%	0.68%
2014	1.73%	0.68%
2013	1.75%	0.69%
2012	1.77%	0.7%
2011	1.81%	0.72%
2010	1.86%	0.73%
2009	1.91%	0.75%
2008	1.97%	0.76%
2007	2.03%	0.77%
2006	2.1%	0.79%
2005	2.17%	0.8%
2004	2.25%	0.81%
2003	2.33%	0.81%
2002	2.41%	0.82%
2001	2.49%	0.83%
2000	2.56%	0.84%
1999	2.63%	0.86%
1998	2.68%	0.87%
1997	2.73%	0.89%
1996	2.77%	0.92%
1995	2.8%	0.95%
1994	2.83%	0.98%
1993	2.87%	1.01%
1992	2.91%	1.05%
1991	2.97%	1.09%
1990	3.05%	1.12%
1989	3.14%	1.16%
1988	3.24%	1.19%
1987	3.35%	1.21%
1986	3.47%	1.24%
1985	3.61%	1.27%
1984	3.75%	1.3%
1983	3.9%	1.34%
1982	4.05%	1.39%
1981	4.19%	1.44%
1980	4.34%	1.5%
1979	4.47%	1.56%
1978	4.61%	1.63%
1977	4.76%	1.71%
1976	4.93%	1.79%
1975	5.15%	1.88%
1974	5.41%	1.97%
1973	5.72%	2.06%
1972	6.07%	2.15%
1971	6.43%	2.24%
1970	6.78%	2.32%
1969	7.1%	2.41%
1968	7.38%	2.49%
1967	7.62%	2.57%
1966	7.83%	2.64%
1965	8.05%	2.71%
1964	8.28%	2.77%
1963	8.52%	2.83%
1962	8.78%	2.89%
1961	9.04%	2.95%
1960	9.31%	3.01%

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 1.33% in Panama and 0.65% in the United States. Above is a chart with historical data on under-five mortality rates.