Skip to content

Fertility & birth rates in Japan and Sweden

Updated on by Georank team

Japan has an annual birth rate of 6 births per 1,000 people, compared to 9.5 for Sweden. The average number of children a woman is expected to have during her lifetime — the fertility rate, is 1.2 in Japan and 1.45 in Sweden — 20.8% difference.

1960 vs 2023, the fertility rate has decreased by -40% in Japan and by -33.2% in Sweden — in 1960, it was 2 and 2.17, respectively.

Birth rates facts compared:

  • Japan is ranked 192/196 by birth rate compared to 153/196 for Sweden.
  • The mean age for first-time mothers is 30.7 years in Japan, compared to 30 years in Sweden.
  • The mean age at childbearing (for all the births, not just the first) is 32.1 in Japan — it's 31.7 in Sweden.
  • Annual births per 1,000 women ages 15-19 (adolescent birth rate or teenage mother rate) is 1.74 in Japan vs 1.79 in Sweden.
  • In Japan, 18.6% of the population is composed of women of reproductive age (15-49), compared to 21.3% in Sweden.
  • Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was -0.7% in Japan and +0.05% in Sweden.

Birth rate data compared

Japan Sweden
Fertility rate 1.2 1.45
Birth rate 6 9.5
Birth rate rank 192/196 153/196
Age at first childbirth 30.7 years 30 years
Average age at childbearing 32.1 years 31.7 years
Annual births per 1,000 women ages 15-19 1.54 1.63
Annual births per 1,000 women ages 20-29 41 54
Annual births per 1,000 women ages 30+ 10.5 18.4
Female of reproductive age (15-49), share of population 18.6% 21.3%
Any modern method of contraceptive prevalence among married women ages 15-49 52.8% n/a
Share of births attended by skilled health staff 99.8% 100%
Maternal mortality per live birth 0.003% 0.004%
Neonatal mortality rate (before reaching 28 days of age) 0.08% 0.14%
Infant mortality rate (before reaching 1 year of age) 0.18% 0.2%
Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births 0.24% 0.25%
Population change due to births and deaths -871,617 +5,269
Natural population change rank 195/196 125/196
Natural population change rate -0.7% +0.05%
Population growth -0.43% +0.31%
Population growth rank 182/197 148/197
Life expectancy 85 years 83.6 years

Fertility rate in Japan vs Sweden chart

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Japan was 1.2 children per woman in 2023, compared to 1.45 in Sweden in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Japan vs Sweden population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart below showcases historical changes in the birth rates.

Japan
Factual

UN forecast
Sweden
Factual

UN forecast

Births per woman

Year Fertility rate
Japan Sweden
1960 2 2.17
1961 1.96 2.21
1962 1.98 2.25
1963 2 2.33
1964 2.05 2.47
1965 2.14 2.39
1966 1.58 2.37
1967 2.23 2.28
1968 2.13 2.07
1969 2.13 1.93
1970 2.13 1.92
1971 2.16 1.96
1972 2.14 1.91
1973 2.14 1.87
1974 2.05 1.87
1975 1.91 1.77
1976 1.85 1.68
1977 1.8 1.64
1978 1.79 1.6
1979 1.77 1.66
1980 1.75 1.68
1981 1.74 1.63
1982 1.77 1.62
1983 1.8 1.61
1984 1.81 1.66
1985 1.76 1.74
1986 1.72 1.8
1987 1.69 1.84
1988 1.66 1.96
1989 1.57 2.01
1990 1.54 2.13
1991 1.53 2.11
1992 1.5 2.09
1993 1.46 1.99
1994 1.5 1.88
1995 1.42 1.73
1996 1.43 1.6
1997 1.39 1.52
1998 1.38 1.5
1999 1.34 1.5
2000 1.36 1.54
2001 1.33 1.57
2002 1.32 1.65
2003 1.29 1.71
2004 1.29 1.75
2005 1.26 1.77
2006 1.32 1.85
2007 1.34 1.88
2008 1.37 1.91
2009 1.37 1.94
2010 1.39 1.98
2011 1.39 1.9
2012 1.41 1.91
2013 1.43 1.89
2014 1.42 1.88
2015 1.45 1.85
2016 1.44 1.85
2017 1.43 1.78
2018 1.42 1.76
2019 1.36 1.71
2020 1.33 1.67
2021 1.3 1.67
2022 1.26 1.53
2023 1.2 1.45
2024 1.21 1.45
2025 1.22 1.46
2026 1.22 1.46
2027 1.23 1.47
2028 1.24 1.47
2029 1.25 1.48
2030 1.25 1.48
2031 1.26 1.49
2032 1.26 1.49
2033 1.27 1.49
2034 1.28 1.5
2035 1.28 1.5
2036 1.29 1.5
2037 1.29 1.51
2038 1.3 1.51
2039 1.3 1.51
2040 1.3 1.52
2041 1.31 1.52
2042 1.31 1.53
2043 1.31 1.53
2044 1.32 1.53
2045 1.32 1.53
2046 1.33 1.53
2047 1.33 1.54
2048 1.33 1.54
2049 1.34 1.54
2050 1.34 1.54

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Japan
Factual

UN forecast
Sweden
Factual

UN forecast
Year Share of people 0-14 years old
Japan Sweden
1960 29.8% 22.4%
1961 29.1% 22%
1962 28% 21.5%
1963 26.8% 21.2%
1964 25.8% 21%
1965 25.1% 20.9%
1966 24.4% 20.9%
1967 23.8% 21%
1968 23.5% 20.9%
1969 23.4% 20.9%
1970 23.3% 20.8%
1971 23.3% 20.8%
1972 23.4% 20.8%
1973 23.6% 20.7%
1974 23.8% 20.7%
1975 23.8% 20.7%
1976 23.9% 20.6%
1977 23.9% 20.5%
1978 23.8% 20.3%
1979 23.7% 19.9%
1980 23.4% 19.6%
1981 23.3% 19.2%
1982 23.1% 18.9%
1983 22.6% 18.6%
1984 22.2% 18.3%
1985 21.7% 18.2%
1986 21% 18%
1987 20.3% 17.9%
1988 19.5% 17.8%
1989 18.8% 17.8%
1990 18% 17.9%
1991 17.4% 18.1%
1992 16.9% 18.4%
1993 16.4% 18.6%
1994 16% 18.8%
1995 15.6% 18.9%
1996 15.3% 18.8%
1997 15.1% 18.7%
1998 14.8% 18.7%
1999 14.6% 18.6%
2000 14.4% 18.4%
2001 14.2% 18.3%
2002 14.1% 18.1%
2003 13.9% 17.9%
2004 13.8% 17.7%
2005 13.8% 17.4%
2006 13.7% 17.1%
2007 13.6% 16.9%
2008 13.5% 16.7%
2009 13.5% 16.6%
2010 13.4% 16.6%
2011 13.3% 16.7%
2012 13.2% 16.8%
2013 13.1% 17%
2014 13% 17.2%
2015 12.8% 17.3%
2016 12.7% 17.5%
2017 12.6% 17.7%
2018 12.5% 17.8%
2019 12.4% 17.8%
2020 12.2% 17.7%
2021 12% 17.7%
2022 11.9% 17.5%
2023 11.6% 17.2%
2024 11.4% 17%
2025 11.2% 16.7%
2026 11% 16.4%
2027 10.9% 16.2%
2028 10.7% 15.9%
2029 10.5% 15.6%
2030 10.4% 15.3%
2031 10.3% 15.1%
2032 10.2% 14.8%
2033 10.1% 14.5%
2034 10.1% 14.3%
2035 10.1% 14.1%
2036 10.1% 13.9%
2037 10.1% 13.8%
2038 10.2% 13.8%
2039 10.3% 13.8%
2040 10.4% 13.8%
2041 10.5% 13.8%
2042 10.6% 13.9%
2043 10.7% 13.9%
2044 10.8% 14%
2045 10.9% 14.1%
2046 11% 14.1%
2047 11.1% 14.2%
2048 11.2% 14.3%
2049 11.2% 14.4%
2050 11.2% 14.4%

Children aged 0-14 make up 11.4% of the population in Japan and 17% in Sweden in 2024, compared to 18% and 17.9% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Japan and Sweden compared.

Natural population change in Japan vs Sweden by year

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change (excluding migration) has been -0.41% in Japan and +0.2% in Sweden. The chart below illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes resulting from births and deaths.

Japan
Sweden

Natural population change

Year Population change due to births and deaths
Japan Sweden
1960 894,874 27,693
1961 893,522 30,832
1962 901,864 30,246
1963 987,770 35,741
1964 1,046,553 45,968
1965 1,126,448 44,857
1966 682,072 45,286
1967 1,258,475 41,700
1968 1,191,930 30,858
1969 1,195,962 23,904
1970 1,230,496 30,563
1971 1,331,782 31,583
1972 1,372,006 28,428
1973 1,391,449 24,409
1974 1,332,960 23,664
1975 1,204,989 14,746
1976 1,127,750 8,222
1977 1,070,397 7,426
1978 1,011,234 4,138
1979 950,298 4,976
1980 864,372 5,818
1981 811,861 1,664
1982 805,664 1,665
1983 775,495 833
1984 756,523 3,335
1985 676,687 4,175
1986 631,706 9,206
1987 598,138 11,757
1988 527,085 15,186
1989 467,662 24,629
1990 407,478 29,100
1991 396,685 29,299
1992 360,833 28,605
1993 312,073 20,924
1994 363,017 20,196
1995 276,039 9,710
1996 314,392 1,768
1997 277,325 -3,539
1998 265,440 -3,541
1999 202,610 -6,201
2000 228,317 -2,662
2001 203,438 -1,779
2002 178,423 893
2003 114,946 6,271
2004 76,656 9,893
2005 -25,554 9,030
2006 12,785 15,436
2007 -25,600 15,552
2008 -51,225 18,439
2009 -76,828 21,387
2010 -128,070 25,320
2011 -204,533 21,733
2012 -229,733 20,943
2013 -242,146 23,041
2014 -267,279 26,179
2015 -292,424 23,518
2016 -343,106 25,800
2017 -406,310 24,138
2018 -456,520 23,403
2019 -531,858 25,697
2020 -542,923 14,495
2021 -640,976 22,914
2022 -825,825 10,487
2023 -871,617 5,269

Fertility rates around the globe

Fertility rate

Maternal mortality chart: Japan vs Sweden

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 3 deaths per 100,000 live births in Japan, compared to 4 deaths in Sweden.

Japan
Sweden
Year Maternal mortality per 100K births
Japan Sweden
1985 19 8
1986 18 8
1987 17 8
1988 16 9
1989 15 9
1990 14 8
1991 13 8
1992 13 8
1993 12 8
1994 11 7
1995 11 7
1996 11 6
1997 10 6
1998 10 6
1999 9 6
2000 9 5
2001 8 5
2002 8 5
2003 8 5
2004 7 5
2005 7 5
2006 7 5
2007 6 5
2008 6 5
2009 6 5
2010 6 5
2011 6 5
2012 6 5
2013 5 5
2014 5 5
2015 5 5
2016 5 5
2017 5 5
2018 5 5
2019 5 4
2020 4 5
2021 4 5
2022 5 5
2023 3 4

Under-five mortality rates

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 0.24% in Japan and 0.25% in Sweden. Below is the historical data on under-five mortality rates.

Japan
Sweden

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

Year Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
Japan Sweden
1960 3.97% 1.96%
1961 3.62% 1.92%
1962 3.29% 1.86%
1963 2.98% 1.79%
1964 2.7% 1.71%
1965 2.46% 1.63%
1966 2.26% 1.56%
1967 2.1% 1.49%
1968 1.96% 1.44%
1969 1.85% 1.39%
1970 1.75% 1.34%
1971 1.65% 1.29%
1972 1.57% 1.23%
1973 1.49% 1.16%
1974 1.41% 1.09%
1975 1.33% 1.03%
1976 1.25% 0.98%
1977 1.18% 0.94%
1978 1.11% 0.9%
1979 1.05% 0.87%
1980 0.99% 0.84%
1981 0.93% 0.82%
1982 0.88% 0.8%
1983 0.83% 0.78%
1984 0.79% 0.77%
1985 0.75% 0.76%
1986 0.71% 0.75%
1987 0.68% 0.74%
1988 0.66% 0.73%
1989 0.64% 0.72%
1990 0.63% 0.7%
1991 0.62% 0.66%
1992 0.61% 0.62%
1993 0.6% 0.57%
1994 0.59% 0.52%
1995 0.57% 0.48%
1996 0.55% 0.46%
1997 0.52% 0.44%
1998 0.5% 0.42%
1999 0.47% 0.41%
2000 0.45% 0.41%
2001 0.43% 0.4%
2002 0.41% 0.4%
2003 0.4% 0.39%
2004 0.39% 0.37%
2005 0.37% 0.36%
2006 0.36% 0.35%
2007 0.35% 0.33%
2008 0.34% 0.32%
2009 0.34% 0.31%
2010 0.33% 0.31%
2011 0.33% 0.3%
2012 0.31% 0.3%
2013 0.3% 0.29%
2014 0.29% 0.29%
2015 0.28% 0.29%
2016 0.27% 0.28%
2017 0.26% 0.28%
2018 0.25% 0.27%
2019 0.25% 0.26%
2020 0.24% 0.26%
2021 0.24% 0.25%
2022 0.24% 0.25%
2023 0.24% 0.25%

Compare countries by 7 more topics

Birth rate comparisons

Birth rate vs Japan vs Sweden
Afghanistan Compare Compare
Albania Compare Compare
Algeria Compare Compare
Andorra Compare Compare
Angola Compare Compare
Antigua Compare Compare
Argentina Compare Compare
Armenia Compare Compare
Australia Compare Compare
Austria Compare Compare
Azerbaijan Compare Compare
Bahamas Compare Compare
Bahrain Compare Compare
Bangladesh Compare Compare
Barbados Compare Compare
Belarus Compare Compare
Belgium Compare Compare
Belize Compare Compare
Benin Compare Compare
Bhutan Compare Compare
Bolivia Compare Compare
Bosnia Compare Compare
Botswana Compare Compare
Brazil Compare Compare
Brunei Compare Compare
Bulgaria Compare Compare
Burkina Faso Compare Compare
Burundi Compare Compare
Cambodia Compare Compare
Cameroon Compare Compare
Canada Compare Compare
Cape Verde Compare Compare
Cayman Islands Compare Compare
CAR Compare Compare
Chad Compare Compare
Chile Compare Compare
China Compare Compare
Colombia Compare Compare
Comoros Compare Compare
Congo Compare Compare
Costa Rica Compare Compare
Croatia Compare Compare
Cuba Compare Compare
Curacao Compare Compare
Cyprus Compare Compare
Czech Republic Compare Compare
DR Congo Compare Compare
Denmark Compare Compare
Djibouti Compare Compare
Dominica Compare Compare
Dominican Republic Compare Compare
East Timor Compare Compare
Ecuador Compare Compare
Egypt Compare Compare
El Salvador Compare Compare
Equatorial Guinea Compare Compare
Eritrea Compare Compare
Estonia Compare Compare
Eswatini Compare Compare
Ethiopia Compare Compare
Fiji Compare Compare
Finland Compare Compare
France Compare Compare
Gabon Compare Compare
Gambia Compare Compare
Georgia Compare Compare
Germany Compare Compare
Ghana Compare Compare
Greece Compare Compare
Grenada Compare Compare
Guatemala Compare Compare
Guinea Compare Compare
Guinea-Bissau Compare Compare
Guyana Compare Compare
Haiti Compare Compare
Honduras Compare Compare
Hungary Compare Compare
Iceland Compare Compare
India Compare Compare
Indonesia Compare Compare
Iran Compare Compare
Iraq Compare Compare
Ireland Compare Compare
Israel Compare Compare
Italy Compare Compare
Ivory Coast Compare Compare
Jamaica Compare Compare
Jordan Compare Compare
Kazakhstan Compare Compare
Kenya Compare Compare
Kiribati Compare Compare
Kuwait Compare Compare
Kyrgyzstan Compare Compare
Laos Compare Compare
Latvia Compare Compare
Lebanon Compare Compare
Lesotho Compare Compare
Liberia Compare Compare
Libya Compare Compare
Liechtenstein Compare Compare
Lithuania Compare Compare
Luxembourg Compare Compare
Madagascar Compare Compare
Malawi Compare Compare
Malaysia Compare Compare
Maldives Compare Compare
Mali Compare Compare
Malta Compare Compare
Marshall Islands Compare Compare
Mauritania Compare Compare
Mauritius Compare Compare
Mexico Compare Compare
Moldova Compare Compare
Monaco Compare Compare
Mongolia Compare Compare
Montenegro Compare Compare
Morocco Compare Compare
Mozambique Compare Compare
Myanmar Compare Compare
Namibia Compare Compare
Nauru Compare Compare
Nepal Compare Compare
Netherlands Compare Compare
New Zealand Compare Compare
Nicaragua Compare Compare
Niger Compare Compare
Nigeria Compare Compare
North Korea Compare Compare
North Macedonia Compare Compare
Norway Compare Compare
Oman Compare Compare
Pakistan Compare Compare
Palau Compare Compare
Palestine Compare Compare
Panama Compare Compare
Papua New Guinea Compare Compare
Paraguay Compare Compare
Peru Compare Compare
Philippines Compare Compare
Poland Compare Compare
Portugal Compare Compare
Qatar Compare Compare
Romania Compare Compare
Russia Compare Compare
Rwanda Compare Compare
Saint Kitts Compare Compare
Saint Lucia Compare Compare
Saint Vincent Compare Compare
Samoa Compare Compare
San Marino Compare Compare
Sao Tome Compare Compare
Saudi Arabia Compare Compare
Senegal Compare Compare
Serbia Compare Compare
Seychelles Compare Compare
Sierra Leone Compare Compare
Singapore Compare Compare
Slovakia Compare Compare
Slovenia Compare Compare
Solomon Islands Compare Compare
Somalia Compare Compare
South Africa Compare Compare
South Korea Compare Compare
South Sudan Compare Compare
Spain Compare Compare
Sri Lanka Compare Compare
Sudan Compare Compare
Suriname Compare Compare
Switzerland Compare Compare
Syria Compare Compare
Taiwan Compare Compare
Tajikistan Compare Compare
Tanzania Compare Compare
Thailand Compare Compare
Togo Compare Compare
Tonga Compare Compare
Trinidad Compare Compare
Tunisia Compare Compare
Turkey Compare Compare
Turkmenistan Compare Compare
Tuvalu Compare Compare
Uganda Compare Compare
Ukraine Compare Compare
UAE Compare Compare
United Kingdom Compare Compare
United States Compare Compare
Uruguay Compare Compare
Uzbekistan Compare Compare
Vanuatu Compare Compare
Venezuela Compare Compare
Vietnam Compare Compare
Yemen Compare Compare
Zambia Compare Compare
Zimbabwe Compare Compare