Fertility & birth rates in Japan and Saudi Arabia

Fertility rate in Japan vs Saudi Arabia chart

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Japan was 1.2 children per woman in 2023, compared to 2.28 in Saudi Arabia in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Japan vs Saudi Arabia population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart below showcases historical changes in the birth rates.

Table

Year	Fertility rate
	Japan	Saudi Arabia
1960	2	7.63
1961	1.96	7.63
1962	1.98	7.64
1963	2	7.65
1964	2.05	7.67
1965	2.14	7.66
1966	1.58	7.66
1967	2.23	7.66
1968	2.13	7.63
1969	2.13	7.6
1970	2.13	7.58
1971	2.16	7.56
1972	2.14	7.54
1973	2.14	7.48
1974	2.05	7.43
1975	1.91	7.37
1976	1.85	7.33
1977	1.8	7.3
1978	1.79	7.26
1979	1.77	7.23
1980	1.75	7.15
1981	1.74	7.07
1982	1.77	6.98
1983	1.8	6.88
1984	1.81	6.78
1985	1.76	6.65
1986	1.72	6.52
1987	1.69	6.34
1988	1.66	6.15
1989	1.57	5.98
1990	1.54	5.8
1991	1.53	5.64
1992	1.5	5.49
1993	1.46	5.33
1994	1.5	5.16
1995	1.42	4.99
1996	1.43	4.81
1997	1.39	4.66
1998	1.38	4.52
1999	1.34	4.35
2000	1.36	4.21
2001	1.33	3.96
2002	1.32	3.71
2003	1.29	3.47
2004	1.29	3.26
2005	1.26	3.16
2006	1.32	3.18
2007	1.34	3.19
2008	1.37	3.07
2009	1.37	2.95
2010	1.39	2.81
2011	1.39	2.8
2012	1.41	2.78
2013	1.43	2.67
2014	1.42	2.68
2015	1.45	2.63
2016	1.44	2.65
2017	1.43	2.67
2018	1.42	2.67
2019	1.36	2.49
2020	1.33	2.27
2021	1.3	2.17
2022	1.26	2.14
2023	1.2	2.28
2024	1.21	2.31
2025	1.22	2.29
2026	1.22	2.27
2027	1.23	2.25
2028	1.24	2.22
2029	1.25	2.2
2030	1.25	2.17
2031	1.26	2.15
2032	1.26	2.13
2033	1.27	2.11
2034	1.28	2.09
2035	1.28	2.07
2036	1.29	2.05
2037	1.29	2.03
2038	1.3	2.01
2039	1.3	1.99
2040	1.3	1.98
2041	1.31	1.97
2042	1.31	1.95
2043	1.31	1.94
2044	1.32	1.93
2045	1.32	1.92
2046	1.33	1.91
2047	1.33	1.9
2048	1.33	1.89
2049	1.34	1.88
2050	1.34	1.87

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Table

Year	Share of people 0-14 years old
	Japan	Saudi Arabia
1960	29.8%	43.4%
1961	29.1%	43.6%
1962	28%	43.9%
1963	26.8%	44.3%
1964	25.8%	44.6%
1965	25.1%	44.8%
1966	24.4%	45.1%
1967	23.8%	45.3%
1968	23.5%	45.4%
1969	23.4%	45.5%
1970	23.3%	45.5%
1971	23.3%	45.5%
1972	23.4%	45.3%
1973	23.6%	45.2%
1974	23.8%	45%
1975	23.8%	44.8%
1976	23.9%	44.6%
1977	23.9%	44.5%
1978	23.8%	44.3%
1979	23.7%	44.2%
1980	23.4%	44.1%
1981	23.3%	43.9%
1982	23.1%	43.8%
1983	22.6%	43.7%
1984	22.2%	43.6%
1985	21.7%	43.6%
1986	21%	43.5%
1987	20.3%	43.4%
1988	19.5%	43.3%
1989	18.8%	43.2%
1990	18%	43%
1991	17.4%	42.7%
1992	16.9%	42.4%
1993	16.4%	42.1%
1994	16%	41.7%
1995	15.6%	41.2%
1996	15.3%	40.7%
1997	15.1%	40.1%
1998	14.8%	39.5%
1999	14.6%	38.9%
2000	14.4%	38.3%
2001	14.2%	37.7%
2002	14.1%	36.8%
2003	13.9%	35.7%
2004	13.8%	34.5%
2005	13.8%	33.2%
2006	13.7%	31.9%
2007	13.6%	30.6%
2008	13.5%	29.5%
2009	13.5%	28.5%
2010	13.4%	27.6%
2011	13.3%	26.9%
2012	13.2%	26.3%
2013	13.1%	25.8%
2014	13%	25.4%
2015	12.8%	25.1%
2016	12.7%	24.9%
2017	12.6%	25.2%
2018	12.5%	25.7%
2019	12.4%	25.8%
2020	12.2%	25.5%
2021	12%	25.2%
2022	11.9%	24.6%
2023	11.6%	24.1%
2024	11.4%	23.8%
2025	11.2%	23.6%
2026	11%	23.4%
2027	10.9%	23.3%
2028	10.7%	23.1%
2029	10.5%	22.9%
2030	10.4%	22.8%
2031	10.3%	22.6%
2032	10.2%	22.5%
2033	10.1%	22.4%
2034	10.1%	22.3%
2035	10.1%	22.2%
2036	10.1%	22.2%
2037	10.1%	22.1%
2038	10.2%	22%
2039	10.3%	21.9%
2040	10.4%	21.7%
2041	10.5%	21.5%
2042	10.6%	21.3%
2043	10.7%	21.2%
2044	10.8%	21%
2045	10.9%	20.8%
2046	11%	20.7%
2047	11.1%	20.5%
2048	11.2%	20.4%
2049	11.2%	20.2%
2050	11.2%	20.1%

Children aged 0-14 make up 11.4% of the population in Japan and 23.8% in Saudi Arabia in 2024, compared to 18% and 43% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Japan and Saudi Arabia compared.

Natural population change in Japan vs Saudi Arabia by year

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change (excluding migration) has been -0.41% in Japan and +1.57% in Saudi Arabia. The chart below illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes resulting from births and deaths.

Table

Year	Population change due to births and deaths
	Japan	Saudi Arabia
1960	894,874	74,143
1961	893,522	77,743
1962	901,864	81,393
1963	987,770	85,480
1964	1,046,553	89,776
1965	1,126,448	93,820
1966	682,072	98,361
1967	1,258,475	103,343
1968	1,191,930	108,281
1969	1,195,962	113,859
1970	1,230,496	120,440
1971	1,331,782	127,600
1972	1,372,006	136,360
1973	1,391,449	145,450
1974	1,332,960	155,478
1975	1,204,989	166,223
1976	1,127,750	178,024
1977	1,070,397	191,103
1978	1,011,234	205,331
1979	950,298	220,186
1980	864,372	234,372
1981	811,861	249,156
1982	805,664	264,831
1983	775,495	280,616
1984	756,523	296,615
1985	676,687	310,558
1986	631,706	322,340
1987	598,138	333,088
1988	527,085	342,865
1989	467,662	349,399
1990	407,478	355,495
1991	396,685	361,329
1992	360,833	366,763
1993	312,073	372,621
1994	363,017	377,351
1995	276,039	380,231
1996	314,392	382,248
1997	277,325	385,033
1998	265,440	389,499
1999	202,610	390,112
2000	228,317	392,407
2001	203,438	382,153
2002	178,423	372,099
2003	114,946	364,520
2004	76,656	362,843
2005	-25,554	375,938
2006	12,785	399,333
2007	-25,600	425,199
2008	-51,225	433,457
2009	-76,828	438,557
2010	-128,070	418,641
2011	-204,533	443,675
2012	-229,733	465,649
2013	-242,146	475,299
2014	-267,279	493,431
2015	-292,424	511,023
2016	-343,106	537,829
2017	-406,310	546,751
2018	-456,520	528,767
2019	-531,858	474,407
2020	-542,923	447,036
2021	-640,976	409,032
2022	-825,825	406,920
2023	-871,617	474,366

Maternal mortality chart: Japan vs Saudi Arabia

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 3 deaths per 100,000 live births in Japan, compared to 7 deaths in Saudi Arabia.

Table

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Japan	Saudi Arabia
1985	19	40
1986	18	38
1987	17	36
1988	16	34
1989	15	32
1990	14	30
1991	13	29
1992	13	27
1993	12	26
1994	11	25
1995	11	24
1996	11	23
1997	10	23
1998	10	22
1999	9	21
2000	9	20
2001	8	19
2002	8	18
2003	8	16
2004	7	16
2005	7	15
2006	7	14
2007	6	13
2008	6	12
2009	6	11
2010	6	11
2011	6	10
2012	6	9
2013	5	9
2014	5	8
2015	5	8
2016	5	8
2017	5	8
2018	5	8
2019	5	8
2020	4	11
2021	4	12
2022	5	9
2023	3	7

Under-five mortality rates

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 0.24% in Japan and 0.62% in Saudi Arabia. Below is the historical data on under-five mortality rates.

Table

Year	Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
	Japan	Saudi Arabia
1960	3.97%	-
1961	3.62%	-
1962	3.29%	-
1963	2.98%	-
1964	2.7%	-
1965	2.46%	-
1966	2.26%	-
1967	2.1%	-
1968	1.96%	-
1969	1.85%	-
1970	1.75%	-
1971	1.65%	-
1972	1.57%	16%
1973	1.49%	14.9%
1974	1.41%	14%
1975	1.33%	13.1%
1976	1.25%	12.2%
1977	1.18%	11.4%
1978	1.11%	10.7%
1979	1.05%	9.99%
1980	0.99%	9.34%
1981	0.93%	8.71%
1982	0.88%	8.12%
1983	0.83%	7.56%
1984	0.79%	7.04%
1985	0.75%	6.55%
1986	0.71%	6.07%
1987	0.68%	5.62%
1988	0.66%	5.19%
1989	0.64%	4.8%
1990	0.63%	4.44%
1991	0.62%	4.11%
1992	0.61%	3.81%
1993	0.6%	3.54%
1994	0.59%	3.29%
1995	0.57%	3.06%
1996	0.55%	2.86%
1997	0.52%	2.67%
1998	0.5%	2.5%
1999	0.47%	2.35%
2000	0.45%	2.21%
2001	0.43%	2.08%
2002	0.41%	1.96%
2003	0.4%	1.85%
2004	0.39%	1.75%
2005	0.37%	1.65%
2006	0.36%	1.56%
2007	0.35%	1.47%
2008	0.34%	1.38%
2009	0.34%	1.3%
2010	0.33%	1.22%
2011	0.33%	1.15%
2012	0.31%	1.08%
2013	0.3%	1.02%
2014	0.29%	0.96%
2015	0.28%	0.9%
2016	0.27%	0.85%
2017	0.26%	0.8%
2018	0.25%	0.76%
2019	0.25%	0.72%
2020	0.24%	0.69%
2021	0.24%	0.66%
2022	0.24%	0.64%
2023	0.24%	0.62%