Fertility & birth rates in Japan and Tonga

Fertility rate in Japan vs Tonga by year

Chart Table

Japan

Tonga

1x

Year	Fertility rate
	Japan	Tonga
2023	1.2	3.13
2022	1.26	3.17
2021	1.3	3.2
2020	1.33	3.23
2019	1.36	3.27
2018	1.42	3.33
2017	1.43	3.39
2016	1.44	3.46
2015	1.45	3.54
2014	1.42	3.62
2013	1.43	3.7
2012	1.41	3.77
2011	1.39	3.83
2010	1.39	3.88
2009	1.37	3.95
2008	1.37	4.01
2007	1.34	4.09
2006	1.32	4.14
2005	1.26	4.2
2004	1.29	4.19
2003	1.29	4.18
2002	1.32	4.14
2001	1.33	4.13
2000	1.36	4.16
1999	1.34	4.23
1998	1.38	4.31
1997	1.39	4.38
1996	1.43	4.46
1995	1.42	4.56
1994	1.5	4.66
1993	1.46	4.73
1992	1.5	4.79
1991	1.53	4.85
1990	1.54	4.93
1989	1.57	5.01
1988	1.66	5.1
1987	1.69	5.19
1986	1.72	5.27
1985	1.76	5.34
1984	1.81	5.41
1983	1.8	5.45
1982	1.77	5.5
1981	1.74	5.55
1980	1.75	5.6
1979	1.77	5.65
1978	1.79	5.68
1977	1.8	5.7
1976	1.85	5.73
1975	1.91	5.75
1974	2.05	5.77
1973	2.14	5.8
1972	2.14	5.86
1971	2.16	5.96
1970	2.13	6.07
1969	2.13	6.17
1968	2.13	6.23
1967	2.23	6.29
1966	1.58	6.35
1965	2.14	6.41
1964	2.05	6.46
1963	2	6.52
1962	1.98	6.57
1961	1.96	6.61
1960	2	6.65

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Japan was 1.2 children per woman in 2023, compared to 3.13 in Tonga in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Japan vs Tonga population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

Natural population change by year

Chart Table

Japan

Tonga

1x

Year	Natural population change
	Japan	Tonga
2023	-871,617	1,744
2022	-825,825	1,772
2021	-640,976	1,773
2020	-542,923	1,816
2019	-531,858	1,841
2018	-456,520	1,873
2017	-406,310	1,912
2016	-343,106	1,989
2015	-292,424	2,064
2014	-267,279	2,135
2013	-242,146	2,199
2012	-229,733	2,255
2011	-204,533	2,298
2010	-128,070	2,332
2009	-76,828	2,358
2008	-51,225	2,397
2007	-25,600	2,423
2006	12,785	2,459
2005	-25,554	2,495
2004	76,656	2,478
2003	114,946	2,448
2002	178,423	2,396
2001	203,438	2,358
2000	228,317	2,346
1999	202,610	2,352
1998	265,440	2,344
1997	277,325	2,332
1996	314,392	2,393
1995	276,039	2,476
1994	363,017	2,547
1993	312,073	2,594
1992	360,833	2,622
1991	396,685	2,637
1990	407,478	2,641
1989	467,662	2,644
1988	527,085	2,649
1987	598,138	2,646
1986	631,706	2,704
1985	676,687	2,762
1984	756,523	2,814
1983	775,495	2,840
1982	805,664	2,853
1981	811,861	2,882
1980	864,372	2,885
1979	950,298	2,884
1978	1,011,234	2,862
1977	1,070,397	2,822
1976	1,127,750	2,769
1975	1,204,989	2,709
1974	1,332,960	2,650
1973	1,391,449	2,617
1972	1,372,006	2,605
1971	1,331,782	2,611
1970	1,230,496	2,628
1969	1,195,962	2,632
1968	1,191,930	2,614
1967	1,258,475	2,603
1966	682,072	2,550
1965	1,126,448	2,498
1964	1,046,553	2,445
1963	987,770	2,394
1962	901,864	2,343
1961	893,522	2,284
1960	894,874	2,230

The chart above illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes in population resulting from births and deaths.

Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was -0.7% in Japan and +1.67% in Tonga.

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change has been -0.41% in Japan and +1.79% in Tonga.

Birth rate in Japan vs Tonga by year

Chart Table

Japan

Tonga

Annual births per 1,000 people

1x

Year	Annual births per 1,000 people
	Japan	Tonga
2023	6	23.1
2022	6.3	23.4
2021	6.6	23.5
2020	6.8	23.6
2019	7	23.8
2018	7.4	24.1
2017	7.6	24.5
2016	7.8	25.2
2015	8	25.8
2014	8	26.4
2013	8.2	26.9
2012	8.2	27.3
2011	8.3	27.7
2010	8.5	28
2009	8.5	28.4
2008	8.7	28.7
2007	8.6	29
2006	8.7	29.5
2005	8.4	30
2004	8.8	30
2003	8.9	29.9
2002	9.2	29.5
2001	9.3	29.4
2000	9.5	29.4
1999	9.4	29.6
1998	9.6	29.7
1997	9.5	29.8
1996	9.7	30.6
1995	9.6	31.4
1994	10	32.2
1993	9.6	32.7
1992	9.8	33
1991	9.9	33.2
1990	10	33.3
1989	10.2	33.4
1988	10.8	33.5
1987	11.1	33.7
1986	11.4	34.4
1985	11.9	34.9
1984	12.5	35.4
1983	12.7	35.6
1982	12.8	35.8
1981	13	36
1980	13.6	36.1
1979	14.2	36.1
1978	14.9	36
1977	15.5	35.7
1976	16.3	35.6
1975	17.1	35.8
1974	18.6	36
1973	19.4	36.5
1972	19.3	37
1971	19.2	37.8
1970	18.8	38.8
1969	18.5	39.6
1968	18.6	40.3
1967	19.4	41
1966	13.7	41.4
1965	18.6	41.9
1964	17.7	42.4
1963	17.3	42.9
1962	17	43.4
1961	16.9	43.9
1960	17.2	44.3

The latest reported birth rate per 1,000 people in 2023 was 6 in Japan and 23.1 in Tonga, compared with 17.2 and 44.3, respectively, in 1960.

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Chart Table

Japan

Factual

UN forecast

Tonga

Factual

UN forecast

1x

Year	Young
	Japan	Tonga
2100	11.5%	17.5%
2099	11.5%	17.6%
2098	11.5%	17.7%
2097	11.5%	17.7%
2096	11.6%	17.9%
2095	11.6%	18%
2094	11.6%	18.1%
2093	11.7%	18.3%
2092	11.7%	18.4%
2091	11.8%	18.6%
2090	11.8%	18.8%
2089	11.8%	19%
2088	11.8%	19.3%
2087	11.9%	19.5%
2086	11.9%	19.7%
2085	11.8%	20%
2084	11.8%	20.2%
2083	11.8%	20.4%
2082	11.8%	20.7%
2081	11.7%	20.9%
2080	11.6%	21.1%
2079	11.6%	21.3%
2078	11.5%	21.5%
2077	11.4%	21.7%
2076	11.3%	21.9%
2075	11.2%	22%
2074	11.1%	22.2%
2073	11.1%	22.3%
2072	11%	22.4%
2071	10.9%	22.6%
2070	10.9%	22.7%
2069	10.8%	22.8%
2068	10.8%	23%
2067	10.8%	23.2%
2066	10.8%	23.4%
2065	10.8%	23.6%
2064	10.8%	23.8%
2063	10.8%	24.1%
2062	10.9%	24.4%
2061	10.9%	24.7%
2060	11%	25%
2059	11%	25.4%
2058	11.1%	25.8%
2057	11.1%	26.2%
2056	11.2%	26.6%
2055	11.2%	27%
2054	11.3%	27.4%
2053	11.3%	27.8%
2052	11.3%	28.2%
2051	11.3%	28.5%
2050	11.2%	28.9%
2049	11.2%	29.1%
2048	11.1%	29.4%
2047	11.1%	29.6%
2046	11%	29.7%
2045	10.9%	29.8%
2044	10.8%	29.9%
2043	10.7%	30%
2042	10.6%	30.1%
2041	10.5%	30.1%
2040	10.4%	30.2%
2039	10.3%	30.2%
2038	10.2%	30.3%
2037	10.1%	30.4%
2036	10.1%	30.6%
2035	10.1%	30.7%
2034	10.1%	30.9%
2033	10.1%	31.1%
2032	10.2%	31.4%
2031	10.3%	31.8%
2030	10.5%	32.3%
2029	10.6%	33%
2028	10.8%	33.6%
2027	11%	34.1%
2026	11.1%	34.6%
2025	11.3%	35.2%
2024	11.4%	35.4%
2023	11.6%	35.6%
2022	11.9%	35.6%
2021	12%	35.7%
2020	12.2%	35.8%
2019	12.4%	36%
2018	12.5%	36.2%
2017	12.6%	36.4%
2016	12.7%	36.5%
2015	12.8%	36.7%
2014	13%	36.9%
2013	13.1%	37.1%
2012	13.2%	37.2%
2011	13.3%	37.4%
2010	13.4%	37.6%
2009	13.5%	37.8%
2008	13.5%	38%
2007	13.6%	38.3%
2006	13.7%	38.3%
2005	13.8%	38.3%
2004	13.8%	38.2%
2003	13.9%	38.1%
2002	14.1%	38.1%
2001	14.2%	38.2%
2000	14.4%	38.3%
1999	14.6%	38.6%
1998	14.8%	38.9%
1997	15.1%	39.3%
1996	15.3%	39.7%
1995	15.6%	39.9%
1994	16%	40.1%
1993	16.4%	40.3%
1992	16.9%	40.5%
1991	17.4%	40.6%
1990	18%	40.8%
1989	18.8%	40.9%
1988	19.5%	41.2%
1987	20.3%	41.5%
1986	21%	41.7%
1985	21.7%	42%
1984	22.2%	42.4%
1983	22.6%	42.9%
1982	23.1%	43.4%
1981	23.3%	43.9%
1980	23.4%	44.3%
1979	23.7%	44.8%
1978	23.8%	45.3%
1977	23.9%	45.8%
1976	23.9%	46.1%
1975	23.8%	46.2%
1974	23.8%	46.2%
1973	23.6%	46.2%
1972	23.4%	46.3%
1971	23.3%	46.4%
1970	23.3%	46.4%
1969	23.4%	46.3%
1968	23.5%	46.2%
1967	23.8%	46%
1966	24.4%	45.9%
1965	25.1%	45.9%
1964	25.8%	45.9%
1963	26.8%	45.9%
1962	28%	45.8%
1961	29.1%	45.7%
1960	29.8%	45.7%

Children aged 0-14 make up 11.4% of the population in Japan and 35.4% in Tonga in 2024, compared to 18% and 40.8% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Japan and Tonga compared.

Maternal mortality chart: Japan vs Tonga

Chart Table

Japan

Tonga

1x

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Japan	Tonga
2023	3	67
2022	5	72
2021	4	76
2020	4	74
2019	5	73
2018	5	74
2017	5	77
2016	5	78
2015	5	79
2014	5	80
2013	5	80
2012	6	83
2011	6	84
2010	6	85
2009	6	91
2008	6	88
2007	6	88
2006	7	89
2005	7	92
2004	7	92
2003	8	95
2002	8	98
2001	8	98
2000	9	100
1999	9	99
1998	10	104
1997	10	111
1996	11	113
1995	11	117
1994	11	123
1993	12	127
1992	13	129
1991	13	134
1990	14	138
1989	15	139
1988	16	145
1987	17	147
1986	18	149
1985	19	148

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 3 deaths per 100,000 live births in Japan, compared to 67 deaths in Tonga.

Under-five mortality rates

Chart Table

Japan

Tonga

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

1x

Year	Under 5 mortality rate
	Japan	Tonga
2023	0.24%	0.99%
2022	0.24%	1.02%
2021	0.24%	1.05%
2020	0.24%	1.08%
2019	0.25%	1.1%
2018	0.25%	1.12%
2017	0.26%	1.15%
2016	0.27%	1.17%
2015	0.28%	1.19%
2014	0.29%	1.22%
2013	0.3%	1.24%
2012	0.31%	1.26%
2011	0.33%	1.29%
2010	0.33%	1.31%
2009	0.34%	1.34%
2008	0.34%	1.37%
2007	0.35%	1.41%
2006	0.36%	1.44%
2005	0.37%	1.48%
2004	0.39%	1.52%
2003	0.4%	1.56%
2002	0.41%	1.61%
2001	0.43%	1.65%
2000	0.45%	1.7%
1999	0.47%	1.74%
1998	0.5%	1.78%
1997	0.52%	1.81%
1996	0.55%	1.85%
1995	0.57%	1.89%
1994	0.59%	1.94%
1993	0.6%	2%
1992	0.61%	2.06%
1991	0.62%	2.14%
1990	0.63%	2.21%
1989	0.64%	2.29%
1988	0.66%	2.37%
1987	0.68%	2.44%
1986	0.71%	2.51%
1985	0.75%	2.57%
1984	0.79%	2.63%
1983	0.83%	2.7%
1982	0.88%	2.78%
1981	0.93%	2.87%
1980	0.99%	2.97%
1979	1.05%	3.09%
1978	1.11%	3.22%
1977	1.18%	3.37%
1976	1.25%	3.53%
1975	1.33%	3.71%
1974	1.41%	3.9%
1973	1.49%	4.11%
1972	1.57%	4.35%
1971	1.65%	4.61%
1970	1.75%	4.91%
1969	1.85%	5.25%
1968	1.96%	5.63%
1967	2.1%	6.03%
1966	2.26%	6.45%
1965	2.46%	6.89%
1964	2.7%	7.35%
1963	2.98%	7.83%
1962	3.29%	-
1961	3.62%	-
1960	3.97%	-

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 0.24% in Japan and 0.99% in Tonga. Above is a chart with historical data on under-five mortality rates.