Fertility & birth rates in Japan and Nepal

Fertility rate in Japan vs Nepal by year

Chart Table

Japan

Nepal

1x

Year	Fertility rate
	Japan	Nepal
2023	1.2	1.98
2022	1.26	2
2021	1.3	2.03
2020	1.33	2.05
2019	1.36	2.08
2018	1.42	2.12
2017	1.43	2.17
2016	1.44	2.23
2015	1.45	2.27
2014	1.42	2.32
2013	1.43	2.36
2012	1.41	2.42
2011	1.39	2.46
2010	1.39	2.54
2009	1.37	2.63
2008	1.37	2.74
2007	1.34	2.86
2006	1.32	2.97
2005	1.26	3.12
2004	1.29	3.28
2003	1.29	3.44
2002	1.32	3.6
2001	1.33	3.79
2000	1.36	3.98
1999	1.34	4.13
1998	1.38	4.28
1997	1.39	4.44
1996	1.43	4.67
1995	1.42	4.87
1994	1.5	4.96
1993	1.46	5.04
1992	1.5	5.07
1991	1.53	5.15
1990	1.54	5.21
1989	1.57	5.26
1988	1.66	5.31
1987	1.69	5.35
1986	1.72	5.4
1985	1.76	5.46
1984	1.81	5.51
1983	1.8	5.54
1982	1.77	5.55
1981	1.74	5.58
1980	1.75	5.6
1979	1.77	5.64
1978	1.79	5.68
1977	1.8	5.69
1976	1.85	5.72
1975	1.91	5.73
1974	2.05	5.75
1973	2.14	5.7
1972	2.14	5.8
1971	2.16	5.85
1970	2.13	5.87
1969	2.13	5.89
1968	2.13	5.94
1967	2.23	5.95
1966	1.58	5.98
1965	2.14	6.01
1964	2.05	6.04
1963	2	6.06
1962	1.98	6.08
1961	1.96	6.09
1960	2	6.07

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Japan was 1.2 children per woman in 2023, compared to 1.98 in Nepal in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Japan vs Nepal population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

Natural population change by year

Chart Table

Japan

Nepal

1x

Year	Natural population change
	Japan	Nepal
2023	-871,617	368,450
2022	-825,825	379,021
2021	-640,976	351,165
2020	-542,923	373,553
2019	-531,858	387,113
2018	-456,520	394,576
2017	-406,310	406,219
2016	-343,106	415,921
2015	-292,424	410,565
2014	-267,279	423,166
2013	-242,146	424,804
2012	-229,733	430,151
2011	-204,533	429,957
2010	-128,070	432,631
2009	-76,828	441,290
2008	-51,225	452,353
2007	-25,600	464,780
2006	12,785	475,335
2005	-25,554	489,093
2004	76,656	504,853
2003	114,946	516,575
2002	178,423	525,045
2001	203,438	542,118
2000	228,317	554,506
1999	202,610	557,847
1998	265,440	562,787
1997	277,325	565,882
1996	314,392	580,099
1995	276,039	591,283
1994	363,017	578,293
1993	312,073	561,549
1992	360,833	533,029
1991	396,685	512,233
1990	407,478	495,202
1989	467,662	478,771
1988	527,085	463,581
1987	598,138	449,400
1986	631,706	434,802
1985	676,687	423,240
1984	756,523	411,122
1983	775,495	399,103
1982	805,664	385,741
1981	811,861	374,145
1980	864,372	364,254
1979	950,298	355,597
1978	1,011,234	345,765
1977	1,070,397	332,843
1976	1,127,750	323,222
1975	1,204,989	312,479
1974	1,332,960	303,078
1973	1,391,449	288,750
1972	1,372,006	286,708
1971	1,331,782	280,752
1970	1,230,496	272,439
1969	1,195,962	264,560
1968	1,191,930	258,259
1967	1,258,475	249,240
1966	682,072	241,716
1965	1,126,448	233,726
1964	1,046,553	227,948
1963	987,770	219,586
1962	901,864	215,368
1961	893,522	209,917
1960	894,874	203,374

The chart above illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes in population resulting from births and deaths.

Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was -0.7% in Japan and +1.24% in Nepal.

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change has been -0.41% in Japan and +1.37% in Nepal.

Birth rate in Japan vs Nepal by year

Chart Table

Japan

Nepal

Annual births per 1,000 people

1x

Year	Annual births per 1,000 people
	Japan	Nepal
2023	6	19.3
2022	6.3	19.6
2021	6.6	19.7
2020	6.8	20.2
2019	7	20.6
2018	7.4	21.1
2017	7.6	21.6
2016	7.8	21.9
2015	8	22.1
2014	8	22.4
2013	8.2	22.5
2012	8.2	22.7
2011	8.3	22.7
2010	8.5	22.9
2009	8.5	23.2
2008	8.7	23.7
2007	8.6	24.4
2006	8.7	24.9
2005	8.4	25.8
2004	8.8	26.8
2003	8.9	27.7
2002	9.2	28.6
2001	9.3	29.8
2000	9.5	31
1999	9.4	31.8
1998	9.6	32.7
1997	9.5	33.7
1996	9.7	35.3
1995	9.6	36.8
1994	10	37.3
1993	9.6	37.7
1992	9.8	37.5
1991	9.9	37.8
1990	10	38.1
1989	10.2	38.4
1988	10.8	38.7
1987	11.1	38.9
1986	11.4	39.1
1985	11.9	39.4
1984	12.5	39.7
1983	12.7	40
1982	12.8	40.1
1981	13	40.3
1980	13.6	40.4
1979	14.2	40.8
1978	14.9	41.1
1977	15.5	41.2
1976	16.3	41.5
1975	17.1	41.6
1974	18.6	41.8
1973	19.4	41.6
1972	19.3	42.3
1971	19.2	42.7
1970	18.8	42.9
1969	18.5	43.1
1968	18.6	43.5
1967	19.4	43.5
1966	13.7	43.7
1965	18.6	43.9
1964	17.7	44.2
1963	17.3	44.4
1962	17	44.6
1961	16.9	44.8
1960	17.2	44.8

The latest reported birth rate per 1,000 people in 2023 was 6 in Japan and 19.3 in Nepal, compared with 17.2 and 44.8, respectively, in 1960.

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Chart Table

Japan

Factual

UN forecast

Nepal

Factual

UN forecast

1x

Year	Young
	Japan	Nepal
2100	11.5%	13.8%
2099	11.5%	13.8%
2098	11.5%	13.8%
2097	11.5%	13.9%
2096	11.6%	13.9%
2095	11.6%	14%
2094	11.6%	14%
2093	11.7%	14.1%
2092	11.7%	14.1%
2091	11.8%	14.2%
2090	11.8%	14.2%
2089	11.8%	14.3%
2088	11.8%	14.3%
2087	11.9%	14.4%
2086	11.9%	14.5%
2085	11.8%	14.5%
2084	11.8%	14.6%
2083	11.8%	14.7%
2082	11.8%	14.8%
2081	11.7%	14.8%
2080	11.6%	14.9%
2079	11.6%	15%
2078	11.5%	15.1%
2077	11.4%	15.2%
2076	11.3%	15.3%
2075	11.2%	15.4%
2074	11.1%	15.5%
2073	11.1%	15.6%
2072	11%	15.7%
2071	10.9%	15.9%
2070	10.9%	16%
2069	10.8%	16.1%
2068	10.8%	16.3%
2067	10.8%	16.4%
2066	10.8%	16.6%
2065	10.8%	16.7%
2064	10.8%	16.9%
2063	10.8%	17.1%
2062	10.9%	17.2%
2061	10.9%	17.4%
2060	11%	17.6%
2059	11%	17.8%
2058	11.1%	17.9%
2057	11.1%	18.1%
2056	11.2%	18.3%
2055	11.2%	18.5%
2054	11.3%	18.7%
2053	11.3%	18.9%
2052	11.3%	19.2%
2051	11.3%	19.4%
2050	11.2%	19.6%
2049	11.2%	19.9%
2048	11.1%	20.1%
2047	11.1%	20.4%
2046	11%	20.7%
2045	10.9%	21%
2044	10.8%	21.3%
2043	10.7%	21.6%
2042	10.6%	21.9%
2041	10.5%	22.2%
2040	10.4%	22.5%
2039	10.3%	22.9%
2038	10.2%	23.2%
2037	10.1%	23.6%
2036	10.1%	23.9%
2035	10.1%	24.3%
2034	10.1%	24.6%
2033	10.1%	25%
2032	10.2%	25.4%
2031	10.3%	25.8%
2030	10.5%	26.2%
2029	10.6%	26.6%
2028	10.8%	27.1%
2027	11%	27.5%
2026	11.1%	27.9%
2025	11.3%	28.2%
2024	11.4%	28.4%
2023	11.6%	28.7%
2022	11.9%	28.9%
2021	12%	29.4%
2020	12.2%	30.1%
2019	12.4%	30.9%
2018	12.5%	31.6%
2017	12.6%	32.1%
2016	12.7%	32.5%
2015	12.8%	33%
2014	13%	33.6%
2013	13.1%	34.2%
2012	13.2%	34.7%
2011	13.3%	35.3%
2010	13.4%	36%
2009	13.5%	36.7%
2008	13.5%	37.5%
2007	13.6%	38.1%
2006	13.7%	38.7%
2005	13.8%	39.2%
2004	13.8%	39.6%
2003	13.9%	40%
2002	14.1%	40.4%
2001	14.2%	40.7%
2000	14.4%	40.9%
1999	14.6%	41.1%
1998	14.8%	41.3%
1997	15.1%	41.4%
1996	15.3%	41.5%
1995	15.6%	41.4%
1994	16%	41.4%
1993	16.4%	41.3%
1992	16.9%	41.4%
1991	17.4%	41.5%
1990	18%	41.5%
1989	18.8%	41.5%
1988	19.5%	41.4%
1987	20.3%	41.3%
1986	21%	41.2%
1985	21.7%	41.1%
1984	22.2%	41%
1983	22.6%	41%
1982	23.1%	40.9%
1981	23.3%	40.9%
1980	23.4%	40.9%
1979	23.7%	40.8%
1978	23.8%	40.8%
1977	23.9%	40.7%
1976	23.9%	40.7%
1975	23.8%	40.6%
1974	23.8%	40.5%
1973	23.6%	40.5%
1972	23.4%	40.4%
1971	23.3%	40.4%
1970	23.3%	40.3%
1969	23.4%	40.3%
1968	23.5%	40.3%
1967	23.8%	40.3%
1966	24.4%	40.4%
1965	25.1%	40.4%
1964	25.8%	40.4%
1963	26.8%	40.5%
1962	28%	40.6%
1961	29.1%	40.7%
1960	29.8%	40.7%

Children aged 0-14 make up 11.4% of the population in Japan and 28.4% in Nepal in 2024, compared to 18% and 41.5% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Japan and Nepal compared.

Maternal mortality chart: Japan vs Nepal

Chart Table

Japan

Nepal

1x

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Japan	Nepal
2023	3	142
2022	5	139
2021	4	173
2020	4	153
2019	5	170
2018	5	183
2017	5	197
2016	5	214
2015	5	236
2014	5	245
2013	5	258
2012	6	272
2011	6	286
2010	6	297
2009	6	299
2008	6	302
2007	6	309
2006	7	318
2005	7	344
2004	7	364
2003	8	387
2002	8	414
2001	8	443
2000	9	480
1999	9	512
1998	10	522
1997	10	550
1996	11	584
1995	11	625
1994	11	657
1993	12	703
1992	13	768
1991	13	850
1990	14	920
1989	15	973
1988	16	1,038
1987	17	1,088
1986	18	1,143
1985	19	1,186

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 3 deaths per 100,000 live births in Japan, compared to 142 deaths in Nepal.

Under-five mortality rates

Chart Table

Japan

Nepal

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

1x

Year	Under 5 mortality rate
	Japan	Nepal
2023	0.24%	2.65%
2022	0.24%	2.75%
2021	0.24%	2.86%
2020	0.24%	2.99%
2019	0.25%	3.14%
2018	0.25%	3.3%
2017	0.26%	3.46%
2016	0.27%	3.64%
2015	0.28%	3.82%
2014	0.29%	4.01%
2013	0.3%	4.21%
2012	0.31%	4.41%
2011	0.33%	4.62%
2010	0.33%	4.83%
2009	0.34%	5.05%
2008	0.34%	5.27%
2007	0.35%	5.51%
2006	0.36%	5.76%
2005	0.37%	6.04%
2004	0.39%	6.35%
2003	0.4%	6.69%
2002	0.41%	7.06%
2001	0.43%	7.48%
2000	0.45%	7.92%
1999	0.47%	8.4%
1998	0.5%	8.91%
1997	0.52%	9.44%
1996	0.55%	10%
1995	0.57%	10.6%
1994	0.59%	11.2%
1993	0.6%	11.8%
1992	0.61%	12.5%
1991	0.62%	13.2%
1990	0.63%	13.9%
1989	0.64%	14.6%
1988	0.66%	15.3%
1987	0.68%	16.1%
1986	0.71%	16.8%
1985	0.75%	17.5%
1984	0.79%	18.2%
1983	0.83%	18.8%
1982	0.88%	19.5%
1981	0.93%	20.2%
1980	0.99%	20.8%
1979	1.05%	21.5%
1978	1.11%	22.1%
1977	1.18%	22.7%
1976	1.25%	23.3%
1975	1.33%	23.9%
1974	1.41%	24.5%
1973	1.49%	25%
1972	1.57%	25.6%
1971	1.65%	26.2%
1970	1.75%	26.7%
1969	1.85%	27.3%
1968	1.96%	28%
1967	2.1%	28.7%
1966	2.26%	29.4%
1965	2.46%	30%
1964	2.7%	30.7%
1963	2.98%	31.3%
1962	3.29%	31.9%
1961	3.62%	32.4%
1960	3.97%	32.8%

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 0.24% in Japan and 2.65% in Nepal. Above is a chart with historical data on under-five mortality rates.