Fertility & birth rates in Japan and Nicaragua

Fertility rate in Japan vs Nicaragua by year

Chart Table

Japan

Nicaragua

1x

Year	Fertility rate
	Japan	Nicaragua
2023	1.2	2.22
2022	1.26	2.24
2021	1.3	2.27
2020	1.33	2.3
2019	1.36	2.32
2018	1.42	2.35
2017	1.43	2.38
2016	1.44	2.41
2015	1.45	2.43
2014	1.42	2.46
2013	1.43	2.49
2012	1.41	2.53
2011	1.39	2.56
2010	1.39	2.6
2009	1.37	2.63
2008	1.37	2.66
2007	1.34	2.7
2006	1.32	2.73
2005	1.26	2.77
2004	1.29	2.78
2003	1.29	2.83
2002	1.32	2.89
2001	1.33	3
2000	1.36	3.12
1999	1.34	3.22
1998	1.38	3.34
1997	1.39	3.47
1996	1.43	3.62
1995	1.42	3.78
1994	1.5	3.94
1993	1.46	4.1
1992	1.5	4.27
1991	1.53	4.43
1990	1.54	4.6
1989	1.57	4.76
1988	1.66	4.93
1987	1.69	5.07
1986	1.72	5.22
1985	1.76	5.36
1984	1.81	5.49
1983	1.8	5.61
1982	1.77	5.74
1981	1.74	5.84
1980	1.75	5.96
1979	1.77	6.07
1978	1.79	6.16
1977	1.8	6.28
1976	1.85	6.37
1975	1.91	6.45
1974	2.05	6.52
1973	2.14	6.59
1972	2.14	6.65
1971	2.16	6.71
1970	2.13	6.77
1969	2.13	6.83
1968	2.13	6.89
1967	2.23	6.94
1966	1.58	6.99
1965	2.14	7.03
1964	2.05	7.06
1963	2	7.08
1962	1.98	7.1
1961	1.96	7.11
1960	2	7.16

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Japan was 1.2 children per woman in 2023, compared to 2.22 in Nicaragua in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Japan vs Nicaragua population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

Natural population change by year

Chart Table

Japan

Nicaragua

1x

Year	Natural population change
	Japan	Nicaragua
2023	-871,617	100,921
2022	-825,825	100,987
2021	-640,976	89,213
2020	-542,923	90,515
2019	-531,858	102,817
2018	-456,520	104,814
2017	-406,310	105,468
2016	-343,106	106,585
2015	-292,424	107,344
2014	-267,279	108,420
2013	-242,146	109,032
2012	-229,733	110,065
2011	-204,533	110,026
2010	-128,070	110,475
2009	-76,828	110,213
2008	-51,225	110,395
2007	-25,600	110,341
2006	12,785	110,073
2005	-25,554	108,984
2004	76,656	106,904
2003	114,946	106,142
2002	178,423	105,805
2001	203,438	107,109
2000	228,317	109,192
1999	202,610	110,217
1998	265,440	108,862
1997	277,325	114,415
1996	314,392	116,849
1995	276,039	118,325
1994	363,017	119,565
1993	312,073	120,469
1992	360,833	121,204
1991	396,685	121,787
1990	407,478	120,677
1989	467,662	120,128
1988	527,085	117,299
1987	598,138	112,885
1986	631,706	113,054
1985	676,687	110,949
1984	756,523	110,133
1983	775,495	110,618
1982	805,664	112,468
1981	811,861	110,421
1980	864,372	108,604
1979	950,298	96,429
1978	1,011,234	98,419
1977	1,070,397	100,498
1976	1,127,750	98,100
1975	1,204,989	95,230
1974	1,332,960	92,505
1973	1,391,449	89,662
1972	1,372,006	76,906
1971	1,331,782	84,139
1970	1,230,496	81,127
1969	1,195,962	78,237
1968	1,191,930	75,458
1967	1,258,475	72,722
1966	682,072	69,883
1965	1,126,448	67,056
1964	1,046,553	64,227
1963	987,770	61,738
1962	901,864	59,547
1961	893,522	57,499
1960	894,874	55,664

The chart above illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes in population resulting from births and deaths.

Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was -0.7% in Japan and +1.48% in Nicaragua.

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change has been -0.41% in Japan and +1.58% in Nicaragua.

Birth rate in Japan vs Nicaragua by year

Chart Table

Japan

Nicaragua

Annual births per 1,000 people

1x

Year	Annual births per 1,000 people
	Japan	Nicaragua
2023	6	19.4
2022	6.3	19.7
2021	6.6	20
2020	6.8	20.5
2019	7	20.8
2018	7.4	21.2
2017	7.6	21.6
2016	7.8	22.1
2015	8	22.4
2014	8	22.8
2013	8.2	23.2
2012	8.2	23.6
2011	8.3	24
2010	8.5	24.3
2009	8.5	24.6
2008	8.7	24.9
2007	8.6	25.2
2006	8.7	25.4
2005	8.4	25.6
2004	8.8	25.7
2003	8.9	25.9
2002	9.2	26.3
2001	9.3	27
2000	9.5	27.9
1999	9.4	28.5
1998	9.6	29.2
1997	9.5	30
1996	9.7	31
1995	9.6	31.9
1994	10	32.9
1993	9.6	33.9
1992	9.8	34.9
1991	9.9	35.8
1990	10	36.6
1989	10.2	37.5
1988	10.8	38.4
1987	11.1	39.1
1986	11.4	39.8
1985	11.9	40.6
1984	12.5	41.3
1983	12.7	42.1
1982	12.8	42.8
1981	13	43.4
1980	13.6	44.1
1979	14.2	44.6
1978	14.9	44.9
1977	15.5	45.3
1976	16.3	45.6
1975	17.1	45.9
1974	18.6	46.2
1973	19.4	46.4
1972	19.3	46.7
1971	19.2	46.8
1970	18.8	46.8
1969	18.5	47
1968	18.6	47.2
1967	19.4	47.4
1966	13.7	47.6
1965	18.6	47.9
1964	17.7	48.2
1963	17.3	48.5
1962	17	48.9
1961	16.9	49.3
1960	17.2	50

The latest reported birth rate per 1,000 people in 2023 was 6 in Japan and 19.4 in Nicaragua, compared with 17.2 and 50, respectively, in 1960.

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Chart Table

Japan

Factual

UN forecast

Nicaragua

Factual

UN forecast

1x

Year	Young
	Japan	Nicaragua
2100	11.5%	14.2%
2099	11.5%	14.3%
2098	11.5%	14.3%
2097	11.5%	14.4%
2096	11.6%	14.4%
2095	11.6%	14.5%
2094	11.6%	14.5%
2093	11.7%	14.6%
2092	11.7%	14.7%
2091	11.8%	14.7%
2090	11.8%	14.8%
2089	11.8%	14.9%
2088	11.8%	14.9%
2087	11.9%	15%
2086	11.9%	15.1%
2085	11.8%	15.2%
2084	11.8%	15.2%
2083	11.8%	15.3%
2082	11.8%	15.4%
2081	11.7%	15.5%
2080	11.6%	15.6%
2079	11.6%	15.7%
2078	11.5%	15.8%
2077	11.4%	15.9%
2076	11.3%	16%
2075	11.2%	16.1%
2074	11.1%	16.2%
2073	11.1%	16.3%
2072	11%	16.4%
2071	10.9%	16.5%
2070	10.9%	16.7%
2069	10.8%	16.8%
2068	10.8%	16.9%
2067	10.8%	17.1%
2066	10.8%	17.2%
2065	10.8%	17.4%
2064	10.8%	17.6%
2063	10.8%	17.7%
2062	10.9%	17.9%
2061	10.9%	18.1%
2060	11%	18.2%
2059	11%	18.4%
2058	11.1%	18.6%
2057	11.1%	18.8%
2056	11.2%	19%
2055	11.2%	19.2%
2054	11.3%	19.4%
2053	11.3%	19.7%
2052	11.3%	19.9%
2051	11.3%	20.1%
2050	11.2%	20.3%
2049	11.2%	20.6%
2048	11.1%	20.8%
2047	11.1%	21.1%
2046	11%	21.3%
2045	10.9%	21.6%
2044	10.8%	21.8%
2043	10.7%	22.1%
2042	10.6%	22.4%
2041	10.5%	22.7%
2040	10.4%	23%
2039	10.3%	23.3%
2038	10.2%	23.6%
2037	10.1%	23.9%
2036	10.1%	24.2%
2035	10.1%	24.5%
2034	10.1%	24.9%
2033	10.1%	25.2%
2032	10.2%	25.6%
2031	10.3%	26%
2030	10.5%	26.4%
2029	10.6%	26.8%
2028	10.8%	27.2%
2027	11%	27.7%
2026	11.1%	28.1%
2025	11.3%	28.5%
2024	11.4%	28.8%
2023	11.6%	29.2%
2022	11.9%	29.6%
2021	12%	30.1%
2020	12.2%	30.4%
2019	12.4%	30.8%
2018	12.5%	31.1%
2017	12.6%	31.5%
2016	12.7%	31.8%
2015	12.8%	32.2%
2014	13%	32.6%
2013	13.1%	32.9%
2012	13.2%	33.3%
2011	13.3%	33.8%
2010	13.4%	34.2%
2009	13.5%	34.7%
2008	13.5%	35.2%
2007	13.6%	35.7%
2006	13.7%	36.2%
2005	13.8%	36.8%
2004	13.8%	37.5%
2003	13.9%	38.2%
2002	14.1%	38.9%
2001	14.2%	39.6%
2000	14.4%	40.3%
1999	14.6%	41%
1998	14.8%	41.7%
1997	15.1%	42.4%
1996	15.3%	43.1%
1995	15.6%	43.7%
1994	16%	44.3%
1993	16.4%	44.8%
1992	16.9%	45.2%
1991	17.4%	45.7%
1990	18%	46.1%
1989	18.8%	46.4%
1988	19.5%	46.7%
1987	20.3%	46.9%
1986	21%	47%
1985	21.7%	47.1%
1984	22.2%	47.2%
1983	22.6%	47.2%
1982	23.1%	47.3%
1981	23.3%	47.3%
1980	23.4%	47.3%
1979	23.7%	47.3%
1978	23.8%	47.3%
1977	23.9%	47.2%
1976	23.9%	47.3%
1975	23.8%	47.3%
1974	23.8%	47.3%
1973	23.6%	47.4%
1972	23.4%	47.4%
1971	23.3%	47.5%
1970	23.3%	47.5%
1969	23.4%	47.6%
1968	23.5%	47.7%
1967	23.8%	47.8%
1966	24.4%	47.9%
1965	25.1%	48.1%
1964	25.8%	48.2%
1963	26.8%	48.2%
1962	28%	48%
1961	29.1%	47.8%
1960	29.8%	47.6%

Children aged 0-14 make up 11.4% of the population in Japan and 28.8% in Nicaragua in 2024, compared to 18% and 46.1% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Japan and Nicaragua compared.

Maternal mortality chart: Japan vs Nicaragua

Chart Table

Japan

Nicaragua

1x

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Japan	Nicaragua
2023	3	60
2022	5	61
2021	4	124
2020	4	87
2019	5	69
2018	5	67
2017	5	72
2016	5	77
2015	5	81
2014	5	83
2013	5	86
2012	6	88
2011	6	93
2010	6	96
2009	6	99
2008	6	101
2007	6	106
2006	7	113
2005	7	124
2004	7	140
2003	8	154
2002	8	170
2001	8	194
2000	9	213
1999	9	228
1998	10	239
1997	10	236
1996	11	244
1995	11	251
1994	11	256
1993	12	265
1992	13	272
1991	13	273
1990	14	281
1989	15	286
1988	16	301
1987	17	316
1986	18	313
1985	19	319

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 3 deaths per 100,000 live births in Japan, compared to 60 deaths in Nicaragua.

Under-five mortality rates

Chart Table

Japan

Nicaragua

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

1x

Year	Under 5 mortality rate
	Japan	Nicaragua
2023	0.24%	1.34%
2022	0.24%	1.39%
2021	0.24%	1.45%
2020	0.24%	1.51%
2019	0.25%	1.57%
2018	0.25%	1.64%
2017	0.26%	1.71%
2016	0.27%	1.78%
2015	0.28%	1.86%
2014	0.29%	1.94%
2013	0.3%	2.03%
2012	0.31%	2.13%
2011	0.33%	2.22%
2010	0.33%	2.33%
2009	0.34%	2.44%
2008	0.34%	2.55%
2007	0.35%	2.68%
2006	0.36%	2.81%
2005	0.37%	2.95%
2004	0.39%	3.1%
2003	0.4%	3.26%
2002	0.41%	3.43%
2001	0.43%	3.62%
2000	0.45%	3.82%
1999	0.47%	4.04%
1998	0.5%	5.01%
1997	0.52%	4.54%
1996	0.55%	4.81%
1995	0.57%	5.09%
1994	0.59%	5.39%
1993	0.6%	5.69%
1992	0.61%	6%
1991	0.62%	6.31%
1990	0.63%	6.62%
1989	0.64%	6.92%
1988	0.66%	7.22%
1987	0.68%	7.53%
1986	0.71%	7.85%
1985	0.75%	8.21%
1984	0.79%	8.62%
1983	0.83%	9.07%
1982	0.88%	9.58%
1981	0.93%	10.2%
1980	0.99%	10.8%
1979	1.05%	11.5%
1978	1.11%	12.2%
1977	1.18%	12.9%
1976	1.25%	13.7%
1975	1.33%	14.4%
1974	1.41%	15%
1973	1.49%	15.6%
1972	1.57%	18.7%
1971	1.65%	16.6%
1970	1.75%	17.1%
1969	1.85%	17.4%
1968	1.96%	17.8%
1967	2.1%	18.1%
1966	2.26%	18.4%
1965	2.46%	18.7%
1964	2.7%	19%
1963	2.98%	19.2%
1962	3.29%	19.4%
1961	3.62%	19.6%
1960	3.97%	19.8%

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 0.24% in Japan and 1.34% in Nicaragua. Above is a chart with historical data on under-five mortality rates.