Fertility & birth rates in Australia and Eritrea

Fertility rate in Australia vs Eritrea chart

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Australia was 1.5 children per woman in 2023, compared to 3.71 in Eritrea in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Australia vs Eritrea population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart below showcases historical changes in the birth rates.

Table

Year	Fertility rate
	Australia	Eritrea
1960	3.45	6.48
1961	3.54	6.47
1962	3.44	6.5
1963	3.33	6.48
1964	3.15	6.49
1965	2.98	6.49
1966	2.88	6.5
1967	2.85	6.5
1968	2.89	6.5
1969	2.89	6.5
1970	2.86	6.54
1971	2.96	6.54
1972	2.74	6.54
1973	2.49	6.55
1974	2.4	6.57
1975	2.15	6.59
1976	2.06	6.6
1977	2.01	6.61
1978	1.95	6.61
1979	1.91	6.62
1980	1.89	6.61
1981	1.94	6.62
1982	1.93	6.63
1983	1.92	6.65
1984	1.84	6.62
1985	1.92	6.59
1986	1.87	6.56
1987	1.85	6.52
1988	1.83	6.47
1989	1.84	6.41
1990	1.9	6.34
1991	1.85	6.24
1992	1.89	6.16
1993	1.86	6.07
1994	1.84	6.01
1995	1.82	5.94
1996	1.8	5.84
1997	1.78	5.74
1998	1.76	5.63
1999	1.76	5.52
2000	1.76	5.4
2001	1.74	5.31
2002	1.76	5.23
2003	1.75	5.14
2004	1.77	5.04
2005	1.81	4.93
2006	1.91	4.88
2007	1.96	4.81
2008	1.98	4.74
2009	1.97	4.66
2010	1.93	4.57
2011	1.93	4.49
2012	1.92	4.41
2013	1.86	4.34
2014	1.83	4.27
2015	1.81	4.22
2016	1.75	4.16
2017	1.74	4.11
2018	1.74	4.06
2019	1.66	4
2020	1.58	3.93
2021	1.7	3.87
2022	1.63	3.79
2023	1.5	3.71
2024	1.5	3.68
2025	1.5	3.61
2026	1.5	3.55
2027	1.5	3.49
2028	1.51	3.43
2029	1.5	3.38
2030	1.51	3.32
2031	1.5	3.27
2032	1.5	3.22
2033	1.5	3.18
2034	1.5	3.13
2035	1.5	3.09
2036	1.5	3.04
2037	1.5	3.01
2038	1.5	2.97
2039	1.5	2.93
2040	1.5	2.9
2041	1.5	2.86
2042	1.5	2.83
2043	1.5	2.8
2044	1.5	2.77
2045	1.5	2.74
2046	1.5	2.71
2047	1.5	2.68
2048	1.5	2.65
2049	1.5	2.63
2050	1.5	2.6

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Table

Year	Share of people 0-14 years old
	Australia	Eritrea
1960	30.2%	41.5%
1961	30.2%	41.4%
1962	30.1%	41.4%
1963	29.9%	41.5%
1964	29.8%	41.6%
1965	29.6%	41.8%
1966	29.5%	42.1%
1967	29.3%	42.4%
1968	29.1%	42.8%
1969	28.9%	43%
1970	28.8%	43.3%
1971	28.7%	43.6%
1972	28.5%	43.8%
1973	28.2%	44%
1974	27.9%	44.1%
1975	27.5%	44.1%
1976	27%	44.2%
1977	26.5%	44.3%
1978	26.1%	44.3%
1979	25.6%	44.4%
1980	25.3%	44.4%
1981	25%	44.4%
1982	24.7%	44.4%
1983	24.4%	44.4%
1984	24%	44.2%
1985	23.6%	44.1%
1986	23.1%	44%
1987	22.7%	44%
1988	22.4%	44.2%
1989	22.2%	44.3%
1990	22%	44.5%
1991	21.9%	44.6%
1992	21.8%	44.7%
1993	21.7%	44.5%
1994	21.7%	44.4%
1995	21.5%	43.5%
1996	21.4%	42.9%
1997	21.2%	43.7%
1998	21.1%	44.4%
1999	20.9%	44.9%
2000	20.8%	45.2%
2001	20.6%	45%
2002	20.4%	44.4%
2003	20.2%	43.7%
2004	20%	43%
2005	19.8%	42.9%
2006	19.6%	43.1%
2007	19.4%	43.3%
2008	19.3%	43%
2009	19.2%	42.7%
2010	19.1%	42.6%
2011	19%	42.3%
2012	18.9%	42.1%
2013	18.9%	42%
2014	18.9%	42%
2015	18.9%	42.1%
2016	18.9%	42.1%
2017	18.8%	41.9%
2018	18.8%	41.5%
2019	18.7%	41%
2020	18.6%	40.4%
2021	18.4%	39.8%
2022	18.2%	39.2%
2023	18%	38.7%
2024	17.8%	38.1%
2025	17.7%	37.6%
2026	17.5%	37.1%
2027	17.4%	36.6%
2028	17.2%	36.3%
2029	17%	35.9%
2030	16.9%	35.7%
2031	16.7%	35.5%
2032	16.6%	35.3%
2033	16.5%	35.2%
2034	16.4%	35%
2035	16.3%	34.8%
2036	16.2%	34.7%
2037	16.1%	34.4%
2038	16%	34.2%
2039	15.9%	34%
2040	15.9%	33.7%
2041	15.8%	33.4%
2042	15.8%	33.1%
2043	15.7%	32.7%
2044	15.7%	32.3%
2045	15.7%	31.9%
2046	15.7%	31.5%
2047	15.7%	31.1%
2048	15.7%	30.7%
2049	15.7%	30.3%
2050	15.7%	29.9%

Children aged 0-14 make up 17.8% of the population in Australia and 38.1% in Eritrea in 2024, compared to 22% and 44.5% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Australia and Eritrea compared.

Natural population change in Australia vs Eritrea by year

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change (excluding migration) has been +0.56% in Australia and +2.29% in Eritrea. The chart below illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes resulting from births and deaths.

Table

Year	Population change due to births and deaths
	Australia	Eritrea
1960	141,816	21,424
1961	150,955	22,351
1962	143,943	23,478
1963	140,161	24,393
1964	128,420	25,327
1965	122,990	26,285
1966	126,996	24,713
1967	126,249	27,992
1968	132,099	28,777
1969	143,477	29,535
1970	145,081	30,686
1971	165,593	31,490
1972	155,488	30,951
1973	136,476	31,969
1974	128,996	30,111
1975	123,648	30,971
1976	115,070	36,250
1977	117,793	37,295
1978	116,299	38,353
1979	116,112	39,577
1980	117,536	41,392
1981	125,356	42,924
1982	126,030	44,146
1983	130,844	33,420
1984	123,077	35,101
1985	143,674	37,362
1986	123,342	39,470
1987	128,484	52,229
1988	127,298	54,163
1989	127,789	54,299
1990	143,347	56,903
1991	138,273	57,741
1992	139,829	51,443
1993	137,551	51,679
1994	131,761	56,288
1995	131,436	56,157
1996	125,751	66,557
1997	121,592	63,953
1998	120,949	55,332
1999	118,517	45,120
2000	119,882	60,274
2001	117,575	61,180
2002	116,971	65,436
2003	118,325	66,291
2004	115,610	72,147
2005	129,132	72,930
2006	132,931	74,470
2007	154,124	73,101
2008	155,119	73,391
2009	160,518	76,206
2010	158,628	76,098
2011	156,380	76,806
2012	161,408	76,416
2013	159,584	75,562
2014	154,940	75,729
2015	150,041	73,682
2016	152,403	73,002
2017	150,015	72,291
2018	157,269	72,511
2019	136,808	73,572
2020	133,376	73,362
2021	138,701	74,394
2022	111,862	76,221
2023	103,945	78,073

Maternal mortality chart: Australia vs Eritrea

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 2 deaths per 100,000 live births in Australia, compared to 291 deaths in Eritrea.

Table

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Australia	Eritrea
1985	9	1,678
1986	8	1,625
1987	9	1,555
1988	9	1,499
1989	9	1,473
1990	9	1,352
1991	9	1,384
1992	9	1,149
1993	9	1,040
1994	9	998
1995	9	854
1996	8	878
1997	8	817
1998	7	865
1999	7	734
2000	7	741
2001	6	651
2002	6	636
2003	5	588
2004	5	588
2005	5	567
2006	5	555
2007	5	541
2008	5	530
2009	5	515
2010	5	498
2011	6	478
2012	6	458
2013	6	443
2014	6	430
2015	6	413
2016	6	395
2017	6	379
2018	5	363
2019	5	351
2020	5	334
2021	4	338
2022	4	301
2023	2	291

Under-five mortality rates

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 0.37% in Australia and 3.54% in Eritrea. Below is the historical data on under-five mortality rates.

Table

Year	Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
	Australia	Eritrea
1960	2.49%	-
1961	2.43%	-
1962	2.37%	-
1963	2.32%	-
1964	2.27%	-
1965	2.24%	-
1966	2.21%	-
1967	2.2%	-
1968	2.19%	-
1969	2.18%	-
1970	2.15%	-
1971	2.1%	-
1972	2.03%	-
1973	1.94%	-
1974	1.84%	25.6%
1975	1.73%	25%
1976	1.62%	20.8%
1977	1.52%	20.4%
1978	1.44%	20%
1979	1.36%	19.7%
1980	1.3%	19.4%
1981	1.26%	19.1%
1982	1.22%	18.8%
1983	1.19%	27.8%
1984	1.16%	27.2%
1985	1.13%	26.2%
1986	1.1%	25.6%
1987	1.06%	17.1%
1988	1.02%	16.6%
1989	0.97%	16%
1990	0.92%	15.4%
1991	0.87%	14.7%
1992	0.82%	13.9%
1993	0.77%	13.1%
1994	0.73%	12.3%
1995	0.7%	11.5%
1996	0.68%	10.8%
1997	0.66%	10.1%
1998	0.64%	9.51%
1999	0.63%	10.9%
2000	0.62%	8.53%
2001	0.61%	8.11%
2002	0.6%	7.73%
2003	0.59%	7.38%
2004	0.58%	7.05%
2005	0.57%	6.75%
2006	0.56%	6.46%
2007	0.54%	6.19%
2008	0.52%	5.94%
2009	0.5%	5.71%
2010	0.48%	5.5%
2011	0.45%	5.31%
2012	0.43%	5.12%
2013	0.41%	4.94%
2014	0.4%	4.78%
2015	0.39%	4.61%
2016	0.38%	4.46%
2017	0.38%	4.32%
2018	0.38%	4.17%
2019	0.38%	4.03%
2020	0.38%	3.91%
2021	0.37%	3.79%
2022	0.37%	3.66%
2023	0.37%	3.54%