Fertility & birth rates in Eritrea and Gambia

Fertility rate in Eritrea vs Gambia by year

Chart Table

Eritrea

Gambia

1x

Year	Fertility rate
	Eritrea	Gambia
2023	3.71	4.01
2022	3.79	4.08
2021	3.87	4.17
2020	3.93	4.25
2019	4	4.33
2018	4.06	4.42
2017	4.11	4.61
2016	4.16	4.81
2015	4.22	5
2014	4.27	5.2
2013	4.34	5.39
2012	4.41	5.52
2011	4.49	5.54
2010	4.57	5.56
2009	4.66	5.57
2008	4.74	5.63
2007	4.81	5.69
2006	4.88	5.74
2005	4.93	5.71
2004	5.04	5.68
2003	5.14	5.66
2002	5.23	5.66
2001	5.31	5.67
2000	5.4	5.72
1999	5.52	5.77
1998	5.63	5.82
1997	5.74	5.85
1996	5.84	5.93
1995	5.94	5.99
1994	6.01	6.04
1993	6.07	6.03
1992	6.16	6.11
1991	6.24	6.19
1990	6.34	6.25
1989	6.41	6.25
1988	6.47	6.26
1987	6.52	6.3
1986	6.56	6.34
1985	6.59	6.36
1984	6.62	6.39
1983	6.65	6.39
1982	6.63	6.4
1981	6.62	6.4
1980	6.61	6.41
1979	6.62	6.41
1978	6.61	6.42
1977	6.61	6.43
1976	6.6	6.43
1975	6.59	6.43
1974	6.57	6.42
1973	6.55	6.41
1972	6.54	6.37
1971	6.54	6.33
1970	6.54	6.26
1969	6.5	6.25
1968	6.5	6.22
1967	6.5	6.21
1966	6.5	6.18
1965	6.49	6.19
1964	6.49	6.2
1963	6.48	6.2
1962	6.5	6.21
1961	6.47	6.23
1960	6.48	6.25

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Eritrea was 3.71 children per woman in 2023, compared to 4.01 in the Gambia in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Eritrea vs the Gambia population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

Natural population change by year

Chart Table

Eritrea

Gambia

1x

Year	Natural population change
	Eritrea	Gambia
2023	78,073	65,118
2022	76,221	63,634
2021	74,394	62,239
2020	73,362	62,209
2019	73,572	61,701
2018	72,511	60,854
2017	72,291	61,665
2016	73,002	62,358
2015	73,682	62,832
2014	75,729	63,185
2013	75,562	63,510
2012	76,416	62,745
2011	76,806	60,571
2010	76,098	58,554
2009	76,206	56,575
2008	73,391	55,032
2007	73,101	53,653
2006	74,470	52,335
2005	72,930	50,010
2004	72,147	48,276
2003	66,291	46,473
2002	65,436	45,156
2001	61,180	44,154
2000	60,274	43,249
1999	45,120	42,533
1998	55,332	41,842
1997	63,953	40,742
1996	66,557	40,253
1995	56,157	39,681
1994	56,288	38,880
1993	51,679	37,302
1992	51,443	35,951
1991	57,741	34,584
1990	56,903	33,163
1989	54,299	31,504
1988	54,163	29,938
1987	52,229	28,452
1986	39,470	27,195
1985	37,362	25,795
1984	35,101	24,586
1983	33,420	23,175
1982	44,146	21,894
1981	42,924	20,156
1980	41,392	19,566
1979	39,577	18,543
1978	38,353	17,424
1977	37,295	16,773
1976	36,250	16,032
1975	30,971	15,256
1974	30,111	14,628
1973	31,969	14,046
1972	30,951	13,432
1971	31,490	12,842
1970	30,686	12,128
1969	29,535	11,670
1968	28,777	11,215
1967	27,992	10,823
1966	24,713	10,422
1965	26,285	10,162
1964	25,327	9,825
1963	24,393	9,493
1962	23,478	9,150
1961	22,351	8,778
1960	21,424	8,420

The chart above illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes in population resulting from births and deaths.

Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was +2.25% in Eritrea and +2.41% in the Gambia.

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change has been +2.29% in Eritrea and +2.59% in the Gambia.

Birth rate in Eritrea vs Gambia by year

Chart Table

Eritrea

Gambia

Annual births per 1,000 people

1x

Year	Annual births per 1,000 people
	Eritrea	Gambia
2023	28.5	30.4
2022	28.7	30.8
2021	28.8	31.2
2020	28.9	31.5
2019	29.1	31.9
2018	29.2	32.3
2017	29.6	33.5
2016	30.1	34.6
2015	30.6	35.7
2014	31.5	36.9
2013	31.7	38.1
2012	32.4	38.8
2011	33	38.8
2010	33.5	38.9
2009	34.2	38.9
2008	34.1	39.2
2007	35	39.5
2006	36.2	39.9
2005	36.4	39.7
2004	37	39.7
2003	35.9	39.7
2002	37.1	40
2001	36.4	40.5
2000	38	41.1
1999	38.4	41.8
1998	39.9	42.5
1997	41.2	43.2
1996	43.3	44.1
1995	39.5	45.1
1994	42.1	45.9
1993	40.9	46.1
1992	42.3	46.6
1991	46.1	47.2
1990	43.3	47.7
1989	43.9	47.9
1988	44.3	48.1
1987	44.5	48.5
1986	44.7	48.8
1985	44.8	49
1984	44.9	49.3
1983	45	49
1982	44.8	48.8
1981	44.8	48.5
1980	44.8	48.2
1979	44.9	47.8
1978	45.1	47.6
1977	45.4	47.5
1976	45.7	47.4
1975	45.8	47.3
1974	45.9	47.3
1973	46	47.5
1972	46.2	47.5
1971	46.6	47.6
1970	47	47.4
1969	47	47.6
1968	47.3	47.9
1967	47.6	48.2
1966	47.7	48.5
1965	47.8	49
1964	47.9	49.4
1963	47.9	49.8
1962	48	50
1961	47.8	50.3
1960	47.7	50.4

The latest reported birth rate per 1,000 people in 2023 was 28.5 in Eritrea and 30.4 in the Gambia, compared with 47.7 and 50.4, respectively, in 1960.

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Chart Table

Eritrea

Factual

UN forecast

Gambia

Factual

UN forecast

1x

Year	Young
	Eritrea	Gambia
2100	19%	18.1%
2099	19.1%	18.2%
2098	19.2%	18.3%
2097	19.4%	18.4%
2096	19.5%	18.5%
2095	19.6%	18.6%
2094	19.8%	18.7%
2093	19.9%	18.9%
2092	20%	19%
2091	20.2%	19.1%
2090	20.3%	19.3%
2089	20.5%	19.4%
2088	20.6%	19.6%
2087	20.8%	19.7%
2086	21%	19.9%
2085	21.1%	20%
2084	21.3%	20.2%
2083	21.5%	20.3%
2082	21.7%	20.5%
2081	22%	20.6%
2080	22.2%	20.8%
2079	22.4%	21%
2078	22.6%	21.2%
2077	22.9%	21.3%
2076	23.1%	21.5%
2075	23.3%	21.7%
2074	23.6%	21.9%
2073	23.8%	22.1%
2072	24%	22.3%
2071	24.3%	22.6%
2070	24.5%	22.8%
2069	24.7%	23%
2068	25%	23.2%
2067	25.2%	23.5%
2066	25.4%	23.7%
2065	25.6%	24%
2064	25.9%	24.3%
2063	26.1%	24.5%
2062	26.3%	24.8%
2061	26.6%	25.1%
2060	26.8%	25.4%
2059	27.1%	25.7%
2058	27.4%	26%
2057	27.6%	26.3%
2056	27.9%	26.7%
2055	28.3%	27%
2054	28.6%	27.3%
2053	29%	27.6%
2052	29.3%	28%
2051	29.7%	28.3%
2050	30.1%	28.6%
2049	30.5%	28.9%
2048	30.9%	29.3%
2047	31.3%	29.6%
2046	31.7%	30%
2045	32.1%	30.3%
2044	32.5%	30.7%
2043	32.9%	31.1%
2042	33.2%	31.5%
2041	33.6%	31.9%
2040	33.8%	32.3%
2039	34.1%	32.7%
2038	34.3%	33.2%
2037	34.6%	33.6%
2036	34.8%	34.1%
2035	34.9%	34.5%
2034	35.1%	35%
2033	35.2%	35.4%
2032	35.4%	35.9%
2031	35.6%	36.4%
2030	35.8%	37%
2029	36.1%	37.6%
2028	36.4%	38.2%
2027	36.9%	38.9%
2026	37.3%	39.5%
2025	37.9%	40%
2024	38.1%	40.2%
2023	38.7%	40.7%
2022	39.2%	41.2%
2021	39.8%	41.6%
2020	40.4%	42%
2019	41%	42.4%
2018	41.5%	42.8%
2017	41.9%	43.1%
2016	42.1%	43.3%
2015	42.1%	43.6%
2014	42%	43.7%
2013	42%	43.9%
2012	42.1%	44.1%
2011	42.3%	44.3%
2010	42.6%	44.5%
2009	42.7%	44.8%
2008	43%	45.1%
2007	43.3%	45.3%
2006	43.1%	45.6%
2005	42.9%	45.9%
2004	43%	46.1%
2003	43.7%	46.4%
2002	44.4%	46.6%
2001	45%	46.7%
2000	45.2%	46.8%
1999	44.9%	46.9%
1998	44.4%	46.9%
1997	43.7%	46.9%
1996	42.9%	46.7%
1995	43.5%	46.5%
1994	44.4%	46.3%
1993	44.5%	46%
1992	44.7%	45.9%
1991	44.6%	45.8%
1990	44.5%	45.7%
1989	44.3%	45.6%
1988	44.2%	45.5%
1987	44%	45.4%
1986	44%	45.2%
1985	44.1%	45%
1984	44.2%	44.9%
1983	44.4%	44.6%
1982	44.4%	44.3%
1981	44.4%	44%
1980	44.4%	43.7%
1979	44.4%	43.5%
1978	44.3%	43.3%
1977	44.3%	43%
1976	44.2%	42.8%
1975	44.1%	42.6%
1974	44.1%	42.4%
1973	44%	42.3%
1972	43.8%	42.2%
1971	43.6%	42.1%
1970	43.3%	42%
1969	43%	41.9%
1968	42.8%	41.8%
1967	42.4%	41.6%
1966	42.1%	41.5%
1965	41.8%	41.3%
1964	41.6%	41%
1963	41.5%	40.8%
1962	41.4%	40.7%
1961	41.4%	40.8%
1960	41.5%	41%

Children aged 0-14 make up 38.1% of the population in Eritrea and 40.2% in the Gambia in 2024, compared to 44.5% and 45.7% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Eritrea and the Gambia compared.

Maternal mortality chart: Eritrea vs Gambia

Chart Table

Eritrea

Gambia

1x

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Eritrea	Gambia
2023	291	354
2022	301	365
2021	338	420
2020	334	400
2019	351	422
2018	363	450
2017	379	469
2016	395	490
2015	413	527
2014	430	561
2013	443	606
2012	458	628
2011	478	634
2010	498	632
2009	515	634
2008	530	653
2007	541	675
2006	555	682
2005	567	707
2004	588	719
2003	588	749
2002	636	772
2001	651	794
2000	741	810
1999	734	830
1998	865	867
1997	817	928
1996	878	956
1995	854	999
1994	998	1,039
1993	1,040	1,072
1992	1,149	1,115
1991	1,384	1,167
1990	1,352	1,207
1989	1,473	1,258
1988	1,499	1,302
1987	1,555	1,360
1986	1,625	1,401
1985	1,678	1,454

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 291 deaths per 100,000 live births in Eritrea, compared to 354 deaths in the Gambia.

Under-five mortality rates

Chart Table

Eritrea

Gambia

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

1x

Year	Under 5 mortality rate
	Eritrea	Gambia
2023	3.54%	4.41%
2022	3.66%	4.56%
2021	3.79%	4.72%
2020	3.91%	4.89%
2019	4.03%	5.07%
2018	4.17%	5.27%
2017	4.32%	5.47%
2016	4.46%	5.7%
2015	4.61%	5.93%
2014	4.78%	6.18%
2013	4.94%	6.45%
2012	5.12%	6.73%
2011	5.31%	7.01%
2010	5.5%	7.31%
2009	5.71%	7.64%
2008	5.94%	7.98%
2007	6.19%	8.33%
2006	6.46%	8.71%
2005	6.75%	9.11%
2004	7.05%	9.52%
2003	7.38%	9.95%
2002	7.73%	10.4%
2001	8.11%	10.9%
2000	8.53%	11.3%
1999	10.9%	11.8%
1998	9.51%	12.3%
1997	10.1%	12.8%
1996	10.8%	13.3%
1995	11.5%	13.9%
1994	12.3%	14.4%
1993	13.1%	14.9%
1992	13.9%	15.5%
1991	14.7%	16%
1990	15.4%	16.6%
1989	16%	17.2%
1988	16.6%	17.8%
1987	17.1%	18.4%
1986	25.6%	19.1%
1985	26.2%	19.7%
1984	27.2%	20.4%
1983	27.8%	21%
1982	18.8%	21.7%
1981	19.1%	22.3%
1980	19.4%	23%
1979	19.7%	23.6%
1978	20%	24.2%
1977	20.4%	24.9%
1976	20.8%	25.5%
1975	25%	26.2%
1974	25.6%	26.9%
1973	-	27.5%
1972	-	28.2%
1971	-	28.9%
1970	-	29.5%
1969	-	30.2%
1968	-	30.9%
1967	-	31.5%
1966	-	32.1%
1965	-	32.8%
1964	-	33.5%
1963	-	34.1%
1962	-	34.8%
1961	-	35.5%
1960	-	36.2%

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 3.54% in Eritrea and 4.41% in the Gambia. Above is a chart with historical data on under-five mortality rates.