Fertility & birth rates in Madagascar and Tanzania

Fertility rate in Madagascar vs Tanzania chart

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Madagascar was 3.97 children per woman in 2023, compared to 4.61 in Tanzania in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Madagascar vs Tanzania population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart below showcases historical changes in the birth rates.

Table

Year	Fertility rate
	Madagascar	Tanzania
1960	7.34	6.54
1961	7.3	6.56
1962	7.26	6.61
1963	7.21	6.65
1964	7.19	6.68
1965	7.17	6.73
1966	7.16	6.8
1967	7.14	6.86
1968	7.13	6.9
1969	7.12	6.95
1970	7.1	7
1971	7.07	7.04
1972	7.04	7.05
1973	7.01	7.06
1974	6.99	7.12
1975	6.97	7.1
1976	6.95	7.09
1977	6.93	7.07
1978	6.9	7.06
1979	6.87	7.04
1980	6.84	6.99
1981	6.77	6.93
1982	6.7	6.87
1983	6.63	6.81
1984	6.55	6.72
1985	6.46	6.6
1986	6.34	6.49
1987	6.24	6.41
1988	6.18	6.38
1989	6.15	6.3
1990	6.14	6.2
1991	6.12	6.14
1992	6.08	6.08
1993	6.06	6
1994	6.04	5.89
1995	6.04	5.82
1996	6.03	5.83
1997	6.02	5.84
1998	5.99	5.81
1999	5.84	5.75
2000	5.67	5.67
2001	5.53	5.62
2002	5.41	5.57
2003	5.33	5.58
2004	5.26	5.6
2005	5.2	5.58
2006	5.13	5.51
2007	5.08	5.4
2008	5.04	5.32
2009	5	5.26
2010	4.9	5.23
2011	4.74	5.14
2012	4.61	5.14
2013	4.53	5.16
2014	4.42	5.12
2015	4.34	5.03
2016	4.29	5.01
2017	4.26	4.99
2018	4.25	4.93
2019	4.22	4.87
2020	4.17	4.8
2021	4.1	4.73
2022	4.04	4.67
2023	3.97	4.61
2024	3.91	4.54
2025	3.84	4.47
2026	3.78	4.41
2027	3.72	4.34
2028	3.66	4.28
2029	3.61	4.22
2030	3.56	4.16
2031	3.51	4.11
2032	3.46	4.04
2033	3.41	3.98
2034	3.36	3.94
2035	3.32	3.88
2036	3.28	3.83
2037	3.24	3.76
2038	3.2	3.72
2039	3.16	3.67
2040	3.12	3.63
2041	3.09	3.57
2042	3.05	3.54
2043	3.02	3.49
2044	2.99	3.46
2045	2.95	3.4
2046	2.92	3.39
2047	2.9	3.35
2048	2.87	3.31
2049	2.84	3.25
2050	2.82	3.23

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Table

Year	Share of people 0-14 years old
	Madagascar	Tanzania
1960	45.2%	44.9%
1961	45.8%	44.8%
1962	46.3%	44.8%
1963	46.7%	44.8%
1964	46.8%	45%
1965	46.7%	45.2%
1966	46.6%	45.4%
1967	46.5%	45.6%
1968	46.5%	45.8%
1969	46.4%	45.9%
1970	46.4%	46%
1971	46.4%	46.1%
1972	46.4%	46.1%
1973	46.4%	46.2%
1974	46.5%	46.3%
1975	46.5%	46.4%
1976	46.6%	46.5%
1977	46.7%	46.6%
1978	46.8%	46.7%
1979	46.9%	46.9%
1980	47%	47.2%
1981	47.1%	47.4%
1982	47.1%	47.5%
1983	47%	47.6%
1984	46.9%	47.5%
1985	46.8%	47.4%
1986	46.7%	47.2%
1987	46.5%	46.9%
1988	46.3%	46.7%
1989	46.1%	46.5%
1990	45.9%	46.3%
1991	45.7%	46.2%
1992	45.6%	46%
1993	45.5%	45.5%
1994	45.4%	44.9%
1995	45.3%	44.5%
1996	45.3%	44.7%
1997	45.3%	44.8%
1998	45.4%	44.7%
1999	45.4%	44.7%
2000	45.4%	44.6%
2001	45.4%	44.5%
2002	45.4%	44.6%
2003	45.4%	44.6%
2004	45.3%	44.7%
2005	45.2%	44.8%
2006	45%	44.9%
2007	44.8%	45%
2008	44.6%	45.1%
2009	44.3%	45.3%
2010	44%	45.3%
2011	43.7%	45.2%
2012	43.3%	45.1%
2013	42.8%	44.9%
2014	42.4%	44.8%
2015	42%	44.5%
2016	41.6%	44.2%
2017	41.2%	44%
2018	40.9%	43.8%
2019	40.7%	43.6%
2020	40.4%	43.4%
2021	40.1%	43.1%
2022	39.9%	42.9%
2023	39.6%	42.7%
2024	39.3%	42.5%
2025	38.9%	42.3%
2026	38.6%	42.1%
2027	38.4%	41.9%
2028	38.1%	41.7%
2029	37.8%	41.4%
2030	37.6%	41.1%
2031	37.3%	40.9%
2032	37%	40.5%
2033	36.7%	40.2%
2034	36.4%	39.8%
2035	36%	39.5%
2036	35.7%	39.1%
2037	35.3%	38.8%
2038	35%	38.4%
2039	34.6%	38.1%
2040	34.3%	37.8%
2041	34%	37.5%
2042	33.6%	37.1%
2043	33.3%	36.8%
2044	33%	36.5%
2045	32.7%	36.2%
2046	32.4%	35.9%
2047	32.1%	35.6%
2048	31.8%	35.4%
2049	31.6%	35.1%
2050	31.3%	34.8%

Children aged 0-14 make up 39.3% of the population in Madagascar and 42.5% in Tanzania in 2024, compared to 45.9% and 46.3% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Madagascar and Tanzania compared.

Natural population change in Madagascar vs Tanzania by year

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change (excluding migration) has been +2.57% in Madagascar and +3.05% in Tanzania. The chart below illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes resulting from births and deaths.

Table

Year	Population change due to births and deaths
	Madagascar	Tanzania
1960	133,684	275,814
1961	136,578	286,839
1962	139,412	300,663
1963	142,666	314,644
1964	146,894	328,527
1965	152,362	343,456
1966	159,483	360,229
1967	167,287	374,763
1968	175,869	389,467
1969	184,562	408,322
1970	194,889	427,988
1971	204,617	449,014
1972	213,138	467,305
1973	221,768	488,429
1974	230,233	515,152
1975	238,774	533,906
1976	247,026	553,617
1977	255,399	574,938
1978	263,684	595,024
1979	270,752	613,388
1980	275,287	629,444
1981	277,535	645,496
1982	284,733	662,627
1983	290,085	679,720
1984	296,892	687,435
1985	304,199	697,867
1986	307,074	705,677
1987	317,621	718,580
1988	330,510	736,551
1989	344,279	743,854
1990	360,621	750,825
1991	375,040	762,011
1992	388,430	767,961
1993	408,801	778,044
1994	428,169	803,953
1995	450,259	838,980
1996	471,453	868,524
1997	490,905	882,544
1998	508,408	920,806
1999	516,976	948,659
2000	520,860	985,185
2001	529,656	1,026,242
2002	535,518	1,063,195
2003	544,903	1,118,435
2004	556,319	1,175,379
2005	568,143	1,224,165
2006	581,489	1,257,927
2007	597,772	1,278,285
2008	615,580	1,303,728
2009	634,008	1,332,015
2010	641,543	1,363,477
2011	640,577	1,384,886
2012	644,255	1,439,325
2013	654,230	1,509,008
2014	660,837	1,565,630
2015	668,977	1,592,882
2016	682,801	1,659,502
2017	699,498	1,726,909
2018	719,267	1,777,852
2019	735,853	1,816,669
2020	736,607	1,861,377
2021	741,416	1,880,137
2022	753,931	1,927,960
2023	766,391	1,960,623

Maternal mortality chart: Madagascar vs Tanzania

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 445 deaths per 100,000 live births in Madagascar, compared to 276 deaths in Tanzania.

Table

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Madagascar	Tanzania
1985	751	980
1986	730	971
1987	702	964
1988	687	949
1989	684	927
1990	692	900
1991	691	873
1992	699	864
1993	688	851
1994	688	816
1995	684	797
1996	680	775
1997	676	777
1998	663	739
1999	647	635
2000	638	568
2001	611	493
2002	593	454
2003	571	397
2004	555	365
2005	540	350
2006	528	366
2007	522	453
2008	510	511
2009	507	502
2010	500	486
2011	492	475
2012	487	448
2013	481	479
2014	477	454
2015	474	433
2016	470	396
2017	469	345
2018	466	319
2019	462	292
2020	447	160
2021	467	162
2022	439	152
2023	445	276

Under-five mortality rates

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 6.48% in Madagascar and 3.89% in Tanzania. Below is the historical data on under-five mortality rates.

Table

Year	Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
	Madagascar	Tanzania
1960	-	24.2%
1961	-	24%
1962	-	23.8%
1963	-	23.6%
1964	-	23.4%
1965	-	23.1%
1966	-	22.8%
1967	-	22.5%
1968	14.6%	22.2%
1969	14.7%	21.9%
1970	14.9%	21.6%
1971	15.1%	21.2%
1972	15.3%	20.9%
1973	15.6%	20.5%
1974	15.8%	20.1%
1975	16.1%	19.6%
1976	16.3%	19.2%
1977	16.5%	18.8%
1978	16.7%	18.4%
1979	16.9%	18.1%
1980	17.1%	17.9%
1981	17.4%	17.8%
1982	17.6%	17.8%
1983	17.8%	17.8%
1984	17.8%	17.8%
1985	17.7%	17.7%
1986	17.5%	17.6%
1987	17.1%	17.4%
1988	16.6%	17.2%
1989	16.1%	16.9%
1990	15.6%	16.7%
1991	15%	16.5%
1992	14.5%	16.3%
1993	14%	16.1%
1994	13.5%	15.9%
1995	13.1%	15.6%
1996	12.6%	15.2%
1997	12%	14.8%
1998	11.5%	14.2%
1999	11%	13.6%
2000	10.5%	12.8%
2001	10%	12.1%
2002	9.6%	11.3%
2003	9.2%	10.5%
2004	8.82%	9.86%
2005	8.46%	9.24%
2006	8.12%	8.69%
2007	7.81%	8.16%
2008	7.53%	7.7%
2009	7.28%	7.24%
2010	7.07%	6.86%
2011	6.9%	6.5%
2012	6.77%	6.21%
2013	6.69%	5.95%
2014	6.62%	5.67%
2015	6.58%	5.48%
2016	6.57%	5.25%
2017	6.57%	5.02%
2018	6.58%	4.8%
2019	6.61%	4.6%
2020	6.63%	4.42%
2021	6.62%	4.22%
2022	6.57%	4.05%
2023	6.48%	3.89%