Fertility & birth rates in Ethiopia and Tanzania

Fertility rate in Ethiopia vs Tanzania chart

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Ethiopia was 3.99 children per woman in 2023, compared to 4.61 in Tanzania in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Ethiopia vs Tanzania population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart below showcases historical changes in the birth rates.

Table

Year	Fertility rate
	Ethiopia	Tanzania
1960	6.51	6.54
1961	6.53	6.56
1962	6.56	6.61
1963	6.59	6.65
1964	6.61	6.68
1965	6.63	6.73
1966	6.66	6.8
1967	6.68	6.86
1968	6.7	6.9
1969	6.72	6.95
1970	6.78	7
1971	6.84	7.04
1972	6.9	7.05
1973	6.96	7.06
1974	7.02	7.12
1975	7.08	7.1
1976	7.13	7.09
1977	7.19	7.07
1978	7.23	7.06
1979	7.25	7.04
1980	7.29	6.99
1981	7.31	6.93
1982	7.34	6.87
1983	7.35	6.81
1984	7.36	6.72
1985	7.34	6.6
1986	7.32	6.49
1987	7.29	6.41
1988	7.26	6.38
1989	7.23	6.3
1990	7.2	6.2
1991	7.16	6.14
1992	7.13	6.08
1993	7.09	6
1994	7.05	5.89
1995	7	5.82
1996	6.93	5.83
1997	6.87	5.84
1998	6.79	5.81
1999	6.72	5.75
2000	6.65	5.67
2001	6.58	5.62
2002	6.5	5.57
2003	6.4	5.58
2004	6.3	5.6
2005	6.19	5.58
2006	6.05	5.51
2007	5.89	5.4
2008	5.7	5.32
2009	5.49	5.26
2010	5.28	5.23
2011	5.08	5.14
2012	4.89	5.14
2013	4.71	5.16
2014	4.61	5.12
2015	4.53	5.03
2016	4.47	5.01
2017	4.4	4.99
2018	4.37	4.93
2019	4.35	4.87
2020	4.27	4.8
2021	4.18	4.73
2022	4.08	4.67
2023	3.99	4.61
2024	3.91	4.54
2025	3.81	4.47
2026	3.72	4.41
2027	3.64	4.34
2028	3.57	4.28
2029	3.5	4.22
2030	3.43	4.16
2031	3.36	4.11
2032	3.3	4.04
2033	3.24	3.98
2034	3.19	3.94
2035	3.14	3.88
2036	3.08	3.83
2037	3.03	3.76
2038	2.99	3.72
2039	2.94	3.67
2040	2.9	3.63
2041	2.86	3.57
2042	2.83	3.54
2043	2.79	3.49
2044	2.75	3.46
2045	2.72	3.4
2046	2.68	3.39
2047	2.65	3.35
2048	2.62	3.31
2049	2.59	3.25
2050	2.55	3.23

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Table

Year	Share of people 0-14 years old
	Ethiopia	Tanzania
1960	42.2%	44.9%
1961	42.2%	44.8%
1962	42.1%	44.8%
1963	42.2%	44.8%
1964	42.3%	45%
1965	42.5%	45.2%
1966	42.9%	45.4%
1967	43.2%	45.6%
1968	43.5%	45.8%
1969	43.8%	45.9%
1970	44.2%	46%
1971	44.5%	46.1%
1972	44.9%	46.1%
1973	45.2%	46.2%
1974	45.4%	46.3%
1975	45.6%	46.4%
1976	45.7%	46.5%
1977	45.9%	46.6%
1978	46.1%	46.7%
1979	46.2%	46.9%
1980	46.3%	47.2%
1981	46.4%	47.4%
1982	46.5%	47.5%
1983	46.4%	47.6%
1984	46.2%	47.5%
1985	46.1%	47.4%
1986	46%	47.2%
1987	46%	46.9%
1988	46%	46.7%
1989	46.1%	46.5%
1990	46.2%	46.3%
1991	46.2%	46.2%
1992	46.2%	46%
1993	46.4%	45.5%
1994	46.5%	44.9%
1995	46.7%	44.5%
1996	46.9%	44.7%
1997	47.1%	44.8%
1998	47.4%	44.7%
1999	47.6%	44.7%
2000	47.7%	44.6%
2001	47.8%	44.5%
2002	47.8%	44.6%
2003	47.7%	44.6%
2004	47.6%	44.7%
2005	47.4%	44.8%
2006	47.2%	44.9%
2007	46.9%	45%
2008	46.6%	45.1%
2009	46.2%	45.3%
2010	45.7%	45.3%
2011	45.2%	45.2%
2012	44.6%	45.1%
2013	44%	44.9%
2014	43.4%	44.8%
2015	42.9%	44.5%
2016	42.3%	44.2%
2017	41.8%	44%
2018	41.3%	43.8%
2019	40.9%	43.6%
2020	40.5%	43.4%
2021	40.1%	43.1%
2022	39.7%	42.9%
2023	39.4%	42.7%
2024	39.1%	42.5%
2025	38.8%	42.3%
2026	38.5%	42.1%
2027	38.3%	41.9%
2028	38.1%	41.7%
2029	37.8%	41.4%
2030	37.6%	41.1%
2031	37.3%	40.9%
2032	37%	40.5%
2033	36.6%	40.2%
2034	36.2%	39.8%
2035	35.8%	39.5%
2036	35.4%	39.1%
2037	34.9%	38.8%
2038	34.5%	38.4%
2039	34%	38.1%
2040	33.6%	37.8%
2041	33.2%	37.5%
2042	32.8%	37.1%
2043	32.4%	36.8%
2044	32%	36.5%
2045	31.7%	36.2%
2046	31.3%	35.9%
2047	31%	35.6%
2048	30.7%	35.4%
2049	30.3%	35.1%
2050	30%	34.8%

Children aged 0-14 make up 39.1% of the population in Ethiopia and 42.5% in Tanzania in 2024, compared to 46.2% and 46.3% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Ethiopia and Tanzania compared.

Natural population change in Ethiopia vs Tanzania by year

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change (excluding migration) has been +2.64% in Ethiopia and +3.05% in Tanzania. The chart below illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes resulting from births and deaths.

Table

Year	Population change due to births and deaths
	Ethiopia	Tanzania
1960	511,694	275,814
1961	538,518	286,839
1962	563,650	300,663
1963	590,998	314,644
1964	618,667	328,527
1965	642,359	343,456
1966	616,281	360,229
1967	695,283	374,763
1968	715,602	389,467
1969	736,428	408,322
1970	760,821	427,988
1971	787,047	449,014
1972	779,808	467,305
1973	807,535	488,429
1974	777,306	515,152
1975	801,425	533,906
1976	899,577	553,617
1977	929,381	574,938
1978	943,388	595,024
1979	987,203	613,388
1980	1,007,516	629,444
1981	1,018,838	645,496
1982	1,080,853	662,627
1983	863,472	679,720
1984	920,670	687,435
1985	997,050	697,867
1986	1,050,277	705,677
1987	1,356,853	718,580
1988	1,393,356	736,551
1989	1,441,769	743,854
1990	1,479,663	750,825
1991	1,579,416	762,011
1992	1,673,839	767,961
1993	1,734,851	778,044
1994	1,788,133	803,953
1995	1,831,068	838,980
1996	1,896,364	868,524
1997	1,945,112	882,544
1998	1,984,989	920,806
1999	2,010,987	948,659
2000	2,083,622	985,185
2001	2,137,791	1,026,242
2002	2,189,683	1,063,195
2003	2,231,223	1,118,435
2004	2,296,999	1,175,379
2005	2,353,375	1,224,165
2006	2,393,585	1,257,927
2007	2,436,753	1,278,285
2008	2,465,283	1,303,728
2009	2,467,118	1,332,015
2010	2,498,048	1,363,477
2011	2,527,811	1,384,886
2012	2,533,398	1,439,325
2013	2,546,020	1,509,008
2014	2,623,647	1,565,630
2015	2,713,529	1,592,882
2016	2,809,889	1,659,502
2017	2,899,143	1,726,909
2018	3,015,231	1,777,852
2019	3,132,780	1,816,669
2020	3,199,718	1,861,377
2021	3,204,673	1,880,137
2022	3,300,114	1,927,960
2023	3,338,649	1,960,623

Maternal mortality chart: Ethiopia vs Tanzania

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 195 deaths per 100,000 live births in Ethiopia, compared to 276 deaths in Tanzania.

Table

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Ethiopia	Tanzania
1985	1,329	980
1986	1,317	971
1987	1,289	964
1988	1,306	949
1989	1,296	927
1990	1,320	900
1991	1,239	873
1992	1,218	864
1993	1,168	851
1994	1,113	816
1995	1,060	797
1996	1,008	775
1997	957	777
1998	911	739
1999	901	635
2000	870	568
2001	856	493
2002	826	454
2003	797	397
2004	764	365
2005	754	350
2006	729	366
2007	704	453
2008	678	511
2009	649	502
2010	619	486
2011	588	475
2012	545	448
2013	494	479
2014	444	454
2015	401	433
2016	364	396
2017	327	345
2018	297	319
2019	269	292
2020	244	160
2021	250	162
2022	207	152
2023	195	276

Under-five mortality rates

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 4.65% in Ethiopia and 3.89% in Tanzania. Below is the historical data on under-five mortality rates.

Table

Year	Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
	Ethiopia	Tanzania
1960	-	24.2%
1961	-	24%
1962	-	23.8%
1963	-	23.6%
1964	-	23.4%
1965	-	23.1%
1966	27.8%	22.8%
1967	24.9%	22.5%
1968	24.8%	22.2%
1969	24.8%	21.9%
1970	24.7%	21.6%
1971	24.7%	21.2%
1972	24.7%	20.9%
1973	24.6%	20.5%
1974	28.3%	20.1%
1975	28.2%	19.6%
1976	24.5%	19.2%
1977	24.5%	18.8%
1978	24.4%	18.4%
1979	24.2%	18.1%
1980	24%	17.9%
1981	23.8%	17.8%
1982	23.5%	17.8%
1983	32%	17.8%
1984	31.4%	17.8%
1985	30.3%	17.7%
1986	29.7%	17.6%
1987	21.5%	17.4%
1988	21%	17.2%
1989	20.6%	16.9%
1990	20.2%	16.7%
1991	19.7%	16.5%
1992	19.1%	16.3%
1993	18.5%	16.1%
1994	17.9%	15.9%
1995	17.2%	15.6%
1996	16.6%	15.2%
1997	15.9%	14.8%
1998	15.3%	14.2%
1999	14.7%	13.6%
2000	14%	12.8%
2001	13.4%	12.1%
2002	12.8%	11.3%
2003	12.1%	10.5%
2004	11.5%	9.86%
2005	10.9%	9.24%
2006	10.3%	8.69%
2007	9.74%	8.16%
2008	9.23%	7.7%
2009	8.76%	7.24%
2010	8.32%	6.86%
2011	7.91%	6.5%
2012	7.53%	6.21%
2013	7.16%	5.95%
2014	6.82%	5.67%
2015	6.49%	5.48%
2016	6.17%	5.25%
2017	5.89%	5.02%
2018	5.64%	4.8%
2019	5.41%	4.6%
2020	5.2%	4.42%
2021	5%	4.22%
2022	4.82%	4.05%
2023	4.65%	3.89%