Fertility & birth rates in Kenya and Tanzania

Fertility rate in Kenya vs Tanzania by year

Chart Table

Kenya

Tanzania

1x

Year	Fertility rate
	Kenya	Tanzania
2023	3.21	4.61
2022	3.26	4.67
2021	3.31	4.73
2020	3.36	4.8
2019	3.43	4.87
2018	3.54	4.93
2017	3.61	4.99
2016	3.69	5.01
2015	3.77	5.03
2014	3.84	5.12
2013	3.96	5.16
2012	4.12	5.14
2011	4.28	5.14
2010	4.45	5.23
2009	4.57	5.26
2008	4.66	5.32
2007	4.72	5.4
2006	4.75	5.51
2005	4.8	5.58
2004	4.86	5.6
2003	4.94	5.58
2002	5.03	5.57
2001	5.09	5.62
2000	5.14	5.67
1999	5.18	5.75
1998	5.24	5.81
1997	5.27	5.84
1996	5.31	5.83
1995	5.37	5.82
1994	5.44	5.89
1993	5.57	6
1992	5.74	6.08
1991	5.94	6.14
1990	6.14	6.2
1989	6.33	6.3
1988	6.52	6.38
1987	6.69	6.41
1986	6.84	6.49
1985	6.96	6.6
1984	7.08	6.72
1983	7.22	6.81
1982	7.35	6.87
1981	7.45	6.93
1980	7.53	6.99
1979	7.6	7.04
1978	7.67	7.06
1977	7.73	7.07
1976	7.77	7.09
1975	7.8	7.1
1974	7.82	7.12
1973	7.86	7.06
1972	7.89	7.05
1971	7.92	7.04
1970	7.94	7
1969	7.95	6.95
1968	7.95	6.9
1967	7.95	6.86
1966	7.96	6.8
1965	7.92	6.73
1964	7.87	6.68
1963	7.82	6.65
1962	7.77	6.61
1961	7.72	6.56
1960	7.65	6.54

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Kenya was 3.21 children per woman in 2023, compared to 4.61 in Tanzania in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Kenya vs Tanzania population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

Natural population change by year

Chart Table

Kenya

Tanzania

1x

Year	Natural population change
	Kenya	Tanzania
2023	1,100,970	1,960,623
2022	1,092,102	1,927,960
2021	1,037,082	1,880,137
2020	1,036,253	1,861,377
2019	1,071,777	1,816,669
2018	1,097,075	1,777,852
2017	1,105,769	1,726,909
2016	1,108,801	1,659,502
2015	1,119,200	1,592,882
2014	1,123,333	1,565,630
2013	1,136,006	1,509,008
2012	1,161,548	1,439,325
2011	1,185,863	1,384,886
2010	1,199,786	1,363,477
2009	1,193,598	1,332,015
2008	1,174,818	1,303,728
2007	1,147,063	1,278,285
2006	1,113,357	1,257,927
2005	1,080,446	1,224,165
2004	1,048,590	1,175,379
2003	1,018,182	1,118,435
2002	992,044	1,063,195
2001	963,721	1,026,242
2000	928,357	985,185
1999	898,484	948,659
1998	875,511	920,806
1997	847,493	882,544
1996	827,326	868,524
1995	812,391	838,980
1994	792,702	803,953
1993	788,579	778,044
1992	785,018	767,961
1991	790,030	762,011
1990	789,087	750,825
1989	795,622	743,854
1988	785,652	736,551
1987	775,124	718,580
1986	755,606	705,677
1985	732,739	697,867
1984	709,639	687,435
1983	684,587	679,720
1982	663,109	662,627
1981	642,379	645,496
1980	616,390	629,444
1979	595,390	613,388
1978	574,695	595,024
1977	554,124	574,938
1976	536,740	553,617
1975	517,579	533,906
1974	500,008	515,152
1973	485,556	488,429
1972	472,557	467,305
1971	459,897	449,014
1970	443,065	427,988
1969	427,819	408,322
1968	411,948	389,467
1967	396,920	374,763
1966	382,891	360,229
1965	366,444	343,456
1964	349,322	328,527
1963	332,763	314,644
1962	315,797	300,663
1961	298,463	286,839
1960	280,032	275,814

The chart above illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes in population resulting from births and deaths.

Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was +1.99% in Kenya and +2.94% in Tanzania.

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change has been +2.16% in Kenya and +3.05% in Tanzania.

Birth rate in Kenya vs Tanzania by year

Chart Table

Kenya

Tanzania

Annual births per 1,000 people

1x

Year	Annual births per 1,000 people
	Kenya	Tanzania
2023	27.1	35.2
2022	27.3	35.6
2021	27.6	36
2020	27.8	36.4
2019	28.2	36.9
2018	29	37.3
2017	29.6	37.6
2016	30.2	37.6
2015	30.9	37.6
2014	31.5	38.4
2013	32.4	38.4
2012	33.7	38.1
2011	35	38.1
2010	36.3	38.8
2009	37.2	39.2
2008	37.9	39.6
2007	38.3	40.2
2006	38.5	41
2005	38.8	41.5
2004	39.1	41.5
2003	39.5	41.3
2002	39.9	41.2
2001	40.2	41.4
2000	40.2	41.5
1999	40.3	41.8
1998	40.6	42.1
1997	40.5	42.1
1996	40.6	42.3
1995	40.8	41.9
1994	40.9	41.5
1993	41.4	41.7
1992	42.1	42.3
1991	43.1	42.7
1990	43.9	43
1989	44.9	43.5
1988	45.6	44
1987	46.3	44.3
1986	46.6	44.9
1985	46.9	45.7
1984	47.2	46.4
1983	47.4	47.1
1982	47.8	47.5
1981	48.2	47.9
1980	48.2	48.3
1979	48.6	48.8
1978	48.9	49.2
1977	49.2	49.5
1976	49.6	49.8
1975	49.8	50.2
1974	50.2	50.6
1973	50.8	50.3
1972	51.5	50.4
1971	52.2	50.6
1970	52.5	50.4
1969	53.1	50.3
1968	53.5	50.2
1967	54.1	50.3
1966	54.6	50.2
1965	54.9	49.9
1964	55.1	49.8
1963	55.3	49.7
1962	55.4	49.4
1961	55.4	49.1
1960	55.2	49

The latest reported birth rate per 1,000 people in 2023 was 27.1 in Kenya and 35.2 in Tanzania, compared with 55.2 and 49, respectively, in 1960.

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Chart Table

Kenya

Factual

UN forecast

Tanzania

Factual

UN forecast

1x

Year	Young
	Kenya	Tanzania
2100	18.9%	23.4%
2099	19%	23.6%
2098	19.1%	23.8%
2097	19.2%	23.9%
2096	19.3%	24.1%
2095	19.5%	24.3%
2094	19.6%	24.5%
2093	19.7%	24.7%
2092	19.8%	24.8%
2091	19.9%	25%
2090	20%	25.2%
2089	20.1%	25.4%
2088	20.2%	25.6%
2087	20.4%	25.8%
2086	20.5%	26%
2085	20.7%	26.2%
2084	20.8%	26.4%
2083	21%	26.6%
2082	21.1%	26.8%
2081	21.3%	27.1%
2080	21.5%	27.3%
2079	21.7%	27.5%
2078	21.9%	27.7%
2077	22.1%	28%
2076	22.3%	28.2%
2075	22.5%	28.4%
2074	22.7%	28.7%
2073	22.9%	28.9%
2072	23.1%	29.1%
2071	23.3%	29.4%
2070	23.5%	29.6%
2069	23.7%	29.8%
2068	23.8%	30.1%
2067	24%	30.3%
2066	24.2%	30.6%
2065	24.4%	30.8%
2064	24.6%	31.1%
2063	24.8%	31.3%
2062	25%	31.6%
2061	25.2%	31.9%
2060	25.4%	32.1%
2059	25.6%	32.4%
2058	25.9%	32.7%
2057	26.1%	32.9%
2056	26.4%	33.2%
2055	26.7%	33.5%
2054	27%	33.8%
2053	27.3%	34.1%
2052	27.6%	34.3%
2051	28%	34.6%
2050	28.4%	34.9%
2049	28.7%	35.2%
2048	29.1%	35.5%
2047	29.5%	35.8%
2046	29.8%	36.1%
2045	30.2%	36.4%
2044	30.6%	36.7%
2043	30.9%	37%
2042	31.2%	37.3%
2041	31.5%	37.6%
2040	31.8%	37.9%
2039	32.1%	38.3%
2038	32.4%	38.6%
2037	32.6%	39%
2036	32.8%	39.3%
2035	33%	39.6%
2034	33.3%	40%
2033	33.5%	40.3%
2032	33.8%	40.7%
2031	34%	41%
2030	34.4%	41.3%
2029	34.7%	41.6%
2028	35%	41.8%
2027	35.5%	42.1%
2026	36%	42.2%
2025	36.5%	42.4%
2024	36.8%	42.5%
2023	37.4%	42.7%
2022	38.1%	42.9%
2021	38.7%	43.1%
2020	39.3%	43.4%
2019	39.9%	43.6%
2018	40.5%	43.8%
2017	41%	44%
2016	41.5%	44.2%
2015	42%	44.5%
2014	42.4%	44.8%
2013	42.8%	44.9%
2012	43.2%	45.1%
2011	43.4%	45.2%
2010	43.6%	45.3%
2009	43.8%	45.3%
2008	43.9%	45.1%
2007	44%	45%
2006	44.2%	44.9%
2005	44.4%	44.8%
2004	44.6%	44.7%
2003	45%	44.6%
2002	45.3%	44.6%
2001	45.7%	44.5%
2000	46.1%	44.6%
1999	46.5%	44.7%
1998	46.8%	44.7%
1997	47.1%	44.8%
1996	47.4%	44.7%
1995	47.7%	44.5%
1994	48%	44.9%
1993	48.4%	45.5%
1992	48.7%	46%
1991	48.9%	46.2%
1990	49.2%	46.3%
1989	49.5%	46.5%
1988	49.7%	46.7%
1987	49.9%	46.9%
1986	50.1%	47.2%
1985	50.3%	47.4%
1984	50.6%	47.5%
1983	50.8%	47.6%
1982	51.1%	47.5%
1981	51.3%	47.4%
1980	51.5%	47.2%
1979	51.7%	46.9%
1978	51.9%	46.7%
1977	52%	46.6%
1976	52.1%	46.5%
1975	52%	46.4%
1974	52%	46.3%
1973	52%	46.2%
1972	51.9%	46.1%
1971	51.7%	46.1%
1970	51.6%	46%
1969	51.4%	45.9%
1968	51.2%	45.8%
1967	50.9%	45.6%
1966	50.6%	45.4%
1965	50.2%	45.2%
1964	49.8%	45%
1963	49.7%	44.8%
1962	49.4%	44.8%
1961	49.1%	44.8%
1960	48.7%	44.9%

Children aged 0-14 make up 36.8% of the population in Kenya and 42.5% in Tanzania in 2024, compared to 49.2% and 46.3% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Kenya and Tanzania compared.

Maternal mortality chart: Kenya vs Tanzania

Chart Table

Kenya

Tanzania

1x

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Kenya	Tanzania
2023	149	276
2022	155	152
2021	183	162
2020	184	160
2019	176	292
2018	183	319
2017	186	345
2016	196	396
2015	203	433
2014	203	454
2013	206	479
2012	214	448
2011	209	475
2010	210	486
2009	208	502
2008	197	511
2007	198	453
2006	188	366
2005	178	350
2004	177	365
2003	177	397
2002	182	454
2001	188	493
2000	206	568
1999	217	635
1998	250	739
1997	253	777
1996	275	775
1995	308	797
1994	342	816
1993	363	851
1992	419	864
1991	493	873
1990	586	900
1989	663	927
1988	756	949
1987	960	964
1986	1,059	971
1985	1,375	980

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 149 deaths per 100,000 live births in Kenya, compared to 276 deaths in Tanzania.

Under-five mortality rates

Chart Table

Kenya

Tanzania

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

1x

Year	Under 5 mortality rate
	Kenya	Tanzania
2023	3.99%	3.89%
2022	4.11%	4.05%
2021	4.19%	4.22%
2020	4.28%	4.42%
2019	4.33%	4.6%
2018	4.43%	4.8%
2017	4.53%	5.02%
2016	4.6%	5.25%
2015	4.74%	5.48%
2014	4.88%	5.67%
2013	5%	5.95%
2012	5.12%	6.21%
2011	5.22%	6.5%
2010	5.35%	6.86%
2009	5.54%	7.24%
2008	5.82%	7.7%
2007	6.32%	8.16%
2006	6.71%	8.69%
2005	7.15%	9.24%
2004	7.66%	9.86%
2003	8.16%	10.5%
2002	8.66%	11.3%
2001	9.16%	12.1%
2000	9.63%	12.8%
1999	10.1%	13.6%
1998	10.4%	14.2%
1997	10.7%	14.8%
1996	10.9%	15.2%
1995	11%	15.6%
1994	11%	15.9%
1993	10.9%	16.1%
1992	10.7%	16.3%
1991	10.5%	16.5%
1990	10.1%	16.7%
1989	9.85%	16.9%
1988	9.63%	17.2%
1987	9.51%	17.4%
1986	9.49%	17.6%
1985	9.57%	17.7%
1984	9.74%	17.8%
1983	9.98%	17.8%
1982	10.3%	17.8%
1981	10.6%	17.8%
1980	11%	17.9%
1979	11.4%	18.1%
1978	11.8%	18.4%
1977	12.2%	18.8%
1976	12.7%	19.2%
1975	13.1%	19.6%
1974	13.5%	20.1%
1973	14%	20.5%
1972	14.3%	20.9%
1971	14.7%	21.2%
1970	15%	21.6%
1969	15.4%	21.9%
1968	15.7%	22.2%
1967	16%	22.5%
1966	16.3%	22.8%
1965	16.6%	23.1%
1964	17%	23.4%
1963	17.5%	23.6%
1962	18.1%	23.8%
1961	18.8%	24%
1960	19.6%	24.2%

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 3.99% in Kenya and 3.89% in Tanzania. Above is a chart with historical data on under-five mortality rates.