Fertility & birth rates in Eswatini and Malaysia

Fertility rate in Eswatini vs Malaysia chart

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Eswatini was 2.75 children per woman in 2023, compared to 1.55 in Malaysia in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Eswatini vs Malaysia population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart below showcases historical changes in the birth rates.

Table

Year	Fertility rate
	Eswatini	Malaysia
1960	6.75	6.41
1961	6.77	6.37
1962	6.79	6.3
1963	6.8	6.19
1964	6.79	6.03
1965	6.79	5.84
1966	6.8	5.64
1967	6.77	5.43
1968	6.76	5.29
1969	6.76	5.16
1970	6.75	5.04
1971	6.74	4.92
1972	6.72	4.82
1973	6.72	4.73
1974	6.71	4.62
1975	6.71	4.5
1976	6.7	4.4
1977	6.68	4.28
1978	6.65	4.18
1979	6.61	4.09
1980	6.57	4.04
1981	6.54	4
1982	6.49	3.97
1983	6.43	3.93
1984	6.36	3.89
1985	6.28	3.8
1986	6.11	3.7
1987	5.9	3.57
1988	5.69	3.5
1989	5.48	3.31
1990	5.3	3.3
1991	5.13	3.34
1992	4.98	3.37
1993	4.82	3.36
1994	4.66	3.35
1995	4.52	3.32
1996	4.38	3.3
1997	4.24	3.23
1998	4.13	3.12
1999	4.09	3.07
2000	4.03	2.94
2001	3.94	2.81
2002	3.85	2.66
2003	3.8	2.6
2004	3.76	2.49
2005	3.7	2.39
2006	3.63	2.31
2007	3.58	2.25
2008	3.57	2.26
2009	3.5	2.22
2010	3.38	2.14
2011	3.32	2.15
2012	3.27	2.12
2013	3.24	2.07
2014	3.18	2.06
2015	3.12	2.01
2016	3.07	1.94
2017	3.02	1.89
2018	2.97	1.84
2019	2.93	1.78
2020	2.89	1.68
2021	2.84	1.56
2022	2.8	1.55
2023	2.75	1.55
2024	2.72	1.54
2025	2.68	1.53
2026	2.64	1.52
2027	2.61	1.51
2028	2.57	1.51
2029	2.54	1.51
2030	2.51	1.51
2031	2.49	1.5
2032	2.45	1.5
2033	2.42	1.5
2034	2.4	1.5
2035	2.37	1.5
2036	2.35	1.51
2037	2.32	1.51
2038	2.3	1.51
2039	2.28	1.51
2040	2.26	1.51
2041	2.24	1.51
2042	2.22	1.51
2043	2.2	1.52
2044	2.18	1.52
2045	2.16	1.52
2046	2.14	1.52
2047	2.13	1.52
2048	2.11	1.53
2049	2.1	1.53
2050	2.08	1.53

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Table

Year	Share of people 0-14 years old
	Eswatini	Malaysia
1960	46.9%	45.4%
1961	47.2%	45.9%
1962	47.4%	46.3%
1963	47.7%	46.5%
1964	47.8%	46.6%
1965	47.7%	46.5%
1966	47.7%	46.2%
1967	47.5%	45.9%
1968	47.3%	45.5%
1969	47.2%	45%
1970	47.2%	44.5%
1971	47.2%	44%
1972	47.3%	43.4%
1973	47.4%	42.8%
1974	47.5%	42.2%
1975	47.7%	41.7%
1976	47.9%	41.1%
1977	48.1%	40.6%
1978	48.3%	40.1%
1979	48.5%	39.6%
1980	48.7%	39.2%
1981	48.9%	38.8%
1982	49.2%	38.6%
1983	49.3%	38.4%
1984	49.4%	38.2%
1985	49.5%	38.1%
1986	49.4%	38%
1987	49.3%	37.9%
1988	48.7%	37.7%
1989	48.1%	37.5%
1990	47.6%	37.2%
1991	47.1%	36.9%
1992	46.6%	36.6%
1993	46.4%	36.3%
1994	47%	36%
1995	47.4%	35.7%
1996	46.9%	35.5%
1997	46.2%	35.3%
1998	45.3%	35%
1999	44.4%	34.6%
2000	43.6%	34.2%
2001	42.9%	33.7%
2002	42.3%	33.2%
2003	41.8%	32.6%
2004	41.4%	32%
2005	41.1%	31.4%
2006	40.8%	30.7%
2007	40.4%	30%
2008	39.9%	29.4%
2009	39.3%	28.6%
2010	38.8%	27.9%
2011	38.4%	27.4%
2012	38%	27%
2013	37.6%	26.6%
2014	37.2%	26.2%
2015	36.8%	25.8%
2016	36.4%	25.5%
2017	36%	25.2%
2018	35.6%	24.9%
2019	35.1%	24.5%
2020	34.7%	24%
2021	34.3%	23.4%
2022	34%	22.8%
2023	33.7%	22.3%
2024	33.4%	21.8%
2025	33%	21.3%
2026	32.6%	20.8%
2027	32.2%	20.4%
2028	31.8%	19.9%
2029	31.4%	19.4%
2030	31%	19%
2031	30.7%	18.5%
2032	30.3%	18.1%
2033	29.9%	17.8%
2034	29.5%	17.6%
2035	29.1%	17.4%
2036	28.7%	17.3%
2037	28.4%	17.3%
2038	28%	17.2%
2039	27.7%	17.1%
2040	27.4%	17%
2041	27.1%	17%
2042	26.8%	16.9%
2043	26.5%	16.8%
2044	26.2%	16.7%
2045	26%	16.7%
2046	25.7%	16.6%
2047	25.4%	16.5%
2048	25.1%	16.4%
2049	24.9%	16.3%
2050	24.6%	16.2%

Children aged 0-14 make up 33.4% of the population in Eswatini and 21.8% in Malaysia in 2024, compared to 47.6% and 37.2% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Eswatini and Malaysia compared.

Natural population change in Eswatini vs Malaysia by year

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change (excluding migration) has been +1.63% in Eswatini and +0.92% in Malaysia. The chart below illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes resulting from births and deaths.

Table

Year	Population change due to births and deaths
	Eswatini	Malaysia
1960	9,947	251,090
1961	10,262	257,270
1962	10,601	262,140
1963	10,929	265,815
1964	11,266	266,406
1965	11,719	264,836
1966	12,282	262,162
1967	12,773	258,764
1968	13,449	260,705
1969	14,164	264,327
1970	14,873	269,341
1971	15,615	272,323
1972	16,353	276,263
1973	17,145	284,611
1974	17,971	289,880
1975	18,849	294,541
1976	19,734	300,615
1977	20,609	305,515
1978	21,466	311,027
1979	22,299	317,439
1980	23,153	326,947
1981	23,973	339,991
1982	24,742	353,138
1983	24,883	365,290
1984	26,149	376,797
1985	26,835	383,243
1986	27,096	385,799
1987	27,285	381,999
1988	27,396	386,507
1989	28,257	373,277
1990	28,349	384,518
1991	28,497	401,938
1992	28,446	418,900
1993	28,046	429,910
1994	26,703	437,873
1995	23,029	443,349
1996	21,858	450,174
1997	20,686	447,768
1998	19,762	436,316
1999	19,420	432,355
2000	18,830	417,371
2001	17,824	400,939
2002	16,924	381,084
2003	16,396	377,425
2004	15,979	365,138
2005	15,945	355,324
2006	16,133	349,509
2007	16,595	348,711
2008	17,275	362,380
2009	17,656	366,157
2010	17,652	360,260
2011	17,645	372,836
2012	18,308	371,497
2013	18,903	366,738
2014	19,107	367,587
2015	19,223	358,302
2016	19,233	345,681
2017	19,278	336,434
2018	19,392	324,568
2019	19,488	309,426
2020	18,899	283,282
2021	17,314	212,002
2022	20,125	237,560
2023	20,147	254,806

Maternal mortality chart: Eswatini vs Malaysia

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 118 deaths per 100,000 live births in Eswatini, compared to 26 deaths in Malaysia.

Table

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Eswatini	Malaysia
1985	580	63
1986	548	59
1987	521	56
1988	494	55
1989	505	52
1990	520	51
1991	545	49
1992	580	48
1993	609	46
1994	645	44
1995	612	43
1996	604	42
1997	550	40
1998	475	39
1999	409	38
2000	361	37
2001	307	36
2002	331	34
2003	392	34
2004	451	33
2005	529	31
2006	511	30
2007	647	30
2008	766	29
2009	855	29
2010	752	29
2011	765	29
2012	613	29
2013	491	29
2014	369	30
2015	283	30
2016	213	30
2017	151	29
2018	133	29
2019	96	28
2020	102	29
2021	219	52
2022	112	38
2023	118	26

Under-five mortality rates

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 4.5% in Eswatini and 0.81% in Malaysia. Below is the historical data on under-five mortality rates.

Table

Year	Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
	Eswatini	Malaysia
1960	20.7%	9.46%
1961	20.4%	8.83%
1962	20%	8.25%
1963	19.6%	7.74%
1964	19.2%	7.28%
1965	18.8%	6.89%
1966	18.3%	6.56%
1967	17.9%	6.27%
1968	17.4%	6.02%
1969	17%	5.79%
1970	16.5%	5.56%
1971	16%	5.32%
1972	15.4%	5.06%
1973	14.9%	4.79%
1974	14.3%	4.5%
1975	13.7%	4.23%
1976	13.2%	3.97%
1977	12.6%	3.71%
1978	12%	3.48%
1979	11.5%	3.25%
1980	10.9%	3.04%
1981	10.4%	2.84%
1982	9.89%	2.65%
1983	10.4%	2.47%
1984	8.85%	2.32%
1985	8.37%	2.18%
1986	7.93%	2.05%
1987	7.54%	1.93%
1988	7.2%	1.83%
1989	6.93%	1.74%
1990	6.75%	1.66%
1991	6.72%	1.58%
1992	6.85%	1.51%
1993	7.17%	1.45%
1994	7.62%	1.39%
1995	8.12%	1.34%
1996	8.71%	1.29%
1997	9.3%	1.23%
1998	9.87%	1.15%
1999	10.4%	1.07%
2000	10.9%	1%
2001	11.3%	0.93%
2002	11.4%	0.88%
2003	11.6%	0.85%
2004	11.6%	0.84%
2005	11.6%	0.83%
2006	10.5%	0.83%
2007	10%	0.82%
2008	9.82%	0.82%
2009	9.25%	0.82%
2010	8.18%	0.81%
2011	6.81%	0.81%
2012	6.38%	0.8%
2013	6.16%	0.81%
2014	6.17%	0.81%
2015	5.86%	0.81%
2016	5.53%	0.82%
2017	5.43%	0.82%
2018	5.1%	0.82%
2019	5.16%	0.82%
2020	4.98%	0.81%
2021	4.76%	0.81%
2022	4.62%	0.81%
2023	4.5%	0.81%