Fertility & birth rates in Brunei and Malaysia

Fertility rate in Brunei vs Malaysia by year

Chart Table

Brunei

Malaysia

1x

Year	Fertility rate
	Brunei	Malaysia
2023	1.75	1.55
2022	1.76	1.55
2021	1.78	1.56
2020	1.8	1.68
2019	1.82	1.78
2018	1.85	1.84
2017	1.88	1.89
2016	1.92	1.94
2015	1.95	2.01
2014	1.97	2.06
2013	1.98	2.07
2012	1.97	2.12
2011	1.96	2.15
2010	1.94	2.14
2009	1.92	2.22
2008	1.92	2.26
2007	1.93	2.25
2006	1.97	2.31
2005	2.02	2.39
2004	2.1	2.49
2003	2.19	2.6
2002	2.26	2.66
2001	2.34	2.81
2000	2.4	2.94
1999	2.46	3.07
1998	2.53	3.12
1997	2.6	3.23
1996	2.68	3.3
1995	2.79	3.32
1994	2.9	3.35
1993	3.01	3.36
1992	3.11	3.37
1991	3.21	3.34
1990	3.29	3.3
1989	3.36	3.31
1988	3.44	3.5
1987	3.49	3.57
1986	3.55	3.7
1985	3.61	3.8
1984	3.68	3.89
1983	3.75	3.93
1982	3.84	3.97
1981	3.94	4
1980	4.07	4.04
1979	4.22	4.09
1978	4.39	4.18
1977	4.58	4.28
1976	4.78	4.4
1975	4.99	4.5
1974	5.18	4.62
1973	5.36	4.73
1972	5.5	4.82
1971	5.62	4.92
1970	5.8	5.04
1969	6.01	5.16
1968	6.2	5.29
1967	6.37	5.43
1966	6.51	5.64
1965	6.65	5.84
1964	6.77	6.03
1963	6.89	6.19
1962	7.03	6.3
1961	7.19	6.37
1960	7.32	6.41

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Brunei was 1.75 children per woman in 2023, compared to 1.55 in Malaysia in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Brunei vs Malaysia population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

Natural population change by year

Chart Table

Brunei

Malaysia

1x

Year	Natural population change
	Brunei	Malaysia
2023	3,837	254,806
2022	3,319	237,560
2021	3,985	212,002
2020	4,188	283,282
2019	4,335	309,426
2018	4,502	324,568
2017	4,685	336,434
2016	4,876	345,681
2015	5,060	358,302
2014	5,206	367,587
2013	5,302	366,738
2012	5,349	371,497
2011	5,242	372,836
2010	5,003	360,260
2009	4,789	366,157
2008	4,624	362,380
2007	4,521	348,711
2006	4,590	349,509
2005	4,703	355,324
2004	4,874	365,138
2003	5,034	377,425
2002	5,169	381,084
2001	5,275	400,939
2000	5,331	417,371
1999	5,388	432,355
1998	5,466	436,316
1997	5,518	447,768
1996	5,606	450,174
1995	5,750	443,349
1994	5,907	437,873
1993	6,045	429,910
1992	6,169	418,900
1991	6,259	401,938
1990	6,265	384,518
1989	6,202	373,277
1988	6,135	386,507
1987	6,017	381,999
1986	5,826	385,799
1985	5,620	383,243
1984	5,373	376,797
1983	5,138	365,290
1982	4,931	353,138
1981	4,839	339,991
1980	4,775	326,947
1979	4,717	317,439
1978	4,668	311,027
1977	4,594	305,515
1976	4,518	300,615
1975	4,431	294,541
1974	4,334	289,880
1973	4,216	284,611
1972	4,085	276,263
1971	3,880	272,323
1970	3,694	269,341
1969	3,618	264,327
1968	3,551	260,705
1967	3,477	258,764
1966	3,403	262,162
1965	3,326	264,836
1964	3,264	266,406
1963	3,195	265,815
1962	3,128	262,140
1961	3,175	257,270
1960	3,168	251,090

The chart above illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes in population resulting from births and deaths.

Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was +0.84% in Brunei and +0.73% in Malaysia.

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change has been +1.01% in Brunei and +0.92% in Malaysia.

Birth rate in Brunei vs Malaysia by year

Chart Table

Brunei

Malaysia

Annual births per 1,000 people

1x

Year	Annual births per 1,000 people
	Brunei	Malaysia
2023	13.6	12.4
2022	13.8	12.4
2021	14.1	12.4
2020	14.3	13.4
2019	14.6	14.2
2018	14.9	14.8
2017	15.3	15.3
2016	15.8	15.8
2015	16.2	16.3
2014	16.6	16.7
2013	16.9	16.8
2012	17.1	17
2011	17	17.2
2010	16.6	16.9
2009	16.2	17.3
2008	16	17.4
2007	15.9	17.1
2006	16.3	17.4
2005	16.7	17.9
2004	17.4	18.7
2003	18	19.6
2002	18.7	20.1
2001	19.3	21.4
2000	19.8	22.6
1999	20.4	23.8
1998	21	24.4
1997	21.6	25.4
1996	22.4	26.1
1995	23.4	26.3
1994	24.5	26.6
1993	25.6	26.8
1992	26.7	26.8
1991	27.7	26.5
1990	28.5	26.2
1989	29	26.3
1988	29.5	27.8
1987	29.8	28.3
1986	29.9	29.4
1985	29.9	30.1
1984	29.7	30.6
1983	29.4	30.7
1982	29.3	30.8
1981	29.7	30.8
1980	30.3	30.7
1979	30.9	30.8
1978	31.6	31
1977	32.2	31.3
1976	32.8	31.7
1975	33.4	32
1974	34	32.3
1973	34.5	32.7
1972	34.9	32.7
1971	34.6	33.2
1970	34.3	33.7
1969	34.7	34
1968	35.6	34.5
1967	36.5	35.1
1966	37.5	36.4
1965	38.6	37.7
1964	39.7	39.1
1963	41	40.4
1962	42.8	41.3
1961	45	42.2
1960	47.2	42.9

The latest reported birth rate per 1,000 people in 2023 was 13.6 in Brunei and 12.4 in Malaysia, compared with 47.2 and 42.9, respectively, in 1960.

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Chart Table

Brunei

Factual

UN forecast

Malaysia

Factual

UN forecast

1x

Year	Young
	Brunei	Malaysia
2100	13.8%	13.3%
2099	13.9%	13.3%
2098	13.9%	13.4%
2097	13.9%	13.4%
2096	14%	13.4%
2095	14%	13.4%
2094	14.1%	13.5%
2093	14.1%	13.5%
2092	14.1%	13.5%
2091	14.1%	13.6%
2090	14.2%	13.6%
2089	14.2%	13.7%
2088	14.2%	13.7%
2087	14.2%	13.7%
2086	14.2%	13.8%
2085	14.2%	13.8%
2084	14.2%	13.8%
2083	14.2%	13.9%
2082	14.2%	13.9%
2081	14.2%	13.9%
2080	14.2%	13.9%
2079	14.2%	13.9%
2078	14.2%	13.9%
2077	14.2%	13.9%
2076	14.2%	13.9%
2075	14.2%	13.9%
2074	14.3%	13.9%
2073	14.3%	13.9%
2072	14.3%	13.9%
2071	14.4%	13.9%
2070	14.4%	13.9%
2069	14.5%	14%
2068	14.6%	14%
2067	14.6%	14.1%
2066	14.7%	14.1%
2065	14.8%	14.2%
2064	14.8%	14.3%
2063	14.9%	14.4%
2062	15%	14.5%
2061	15%	14.6%
2060	15.1%	14.8%
2059	15.2%	14.9%
2058	15.2%	15.1%
2057	15.3%	15.2%
2056	15.3%	15.4%
2055	15.4%	15.5%
2054	15.4%	15.7%
2053	15.4%	15.8%
2052	15.5%	16%
2051	15.5%	16.1%
2050	15.6%	16.2%
2049	15.6%	16.3%
2048	15.7%	16.4%
2047	15.8%	16.5%
2046	15.9%	16.6%
2045	16%	16.7%
2044	16.1%	16.8%
2043	16.2%	16.9%
2042	16.3%	16.9%
2041	16.5%	17%
2040	16.7%	17.1%
2039	16.9%	17.1%
2038	17.1%	17.2%
2037	17.4%	17.3%
2036	17.6%	17.3%
2035	17.9%	17.5%
2034	18.1%	17.7%
2033	18.4%	18%
2032	18.7%	18.3%
2031	19%	18.7%
2030	19.3%	19.2%
2029	19.6%	19.7%
2028	20%	20.1%
2027	20.3%	20.6%
2026	20.5%	21.1%
2025	20.7%	21.6%
2024	20.8%	21.8%
2023	21%	22.3%
2022	21.2%	22.8%
2021	21.3%	23.4%
2020	21.6%	24%
2019	21.9%	24.5%
2018	22.3%	24.9%
2017	22.7%	25.2%
2016	23.1%	25.5%
2015	23.6%	25.8%
2014	24%	26.2%
2013	24.5%	26.6%
2012	24.9%	27%
2011	25.2%	27.4%
2010	25.3%	27.9%
2009	25.4%	28.6%
2008	25.5%	29.4%
2007	25.5%	30%
2006	25.9%	30.7%
2005	26.7%	31.4%
2004	27.4%	32%
2003	28.1%	32.6%
2002	28.9%	33.2%
2001	29.6%	33.7%
2000	30.3%	34.2%
1999	31%	34.6%
1998	31.6%	35%
1997	32.2%	35.3%
1996	32.7%	35.5%
1995	33.3%	35.7%
1994	33.7%	36%
1993	34.1%	36.3%
1992	34.3%	36.6%
1991	34.4%	36.9%
1990	34.4%	37.2%
1989	34.6%	37.5%
1988	34.7%	37.7%
1987	34.9%	37.9%
1986	35.2%	38%
1985	35.7%	38.1%
1984	36.3%	38.2%
1983	36.9%	38.4%
1982	37.6%	38.6%
1981	38.1%	38.8%
1980	38.5%	39.2%
1979	38.9%	39.6%
1978	39.3%	40.1%
1977	39.9%	40.6%
1976	40.6%	41.1%
1975	41.3%	41.7%
1974	42%	42.2%
1973	42.6%	42.8%
1972	43%	43.4%
1971	43.3%	44%
1970	43.6%	44.5%
1969	44.2%	45%
1968	44.8%	45.5%
1967	45.4%	45.9%
1966	46%	46.2%
1965	46.5%	46.5%
1964	46.6%	46.6%
1963	46.6%	46.5%
1962	46.1%	46.3%
1961	45.2%	45.9%
1960	44.1%	45.4%

Children aged 0-14 make up 20.8% of the population in Brunei and 21.8% in Malaysia in 2024, compared to 34.4% and 37.2% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Brunei and Malaysia compared.

Maternal mortality chart: Brunei vs Malaysia

Chart Table

Brunei

Malaysia

1x

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Brunei	Malaysia
2023	36	26
2022	88	38
2021	44	52
2020	39	29
2019	38	28
2018	39	29
2017	39	29
2016	39	30
2015	39	30
2014	40	30
2013	40	29
2012	40	29
2011	40	29
2010	40	29
2009	40	29
2008	40	29
2007	41	30
2006	42	30
2005	43	31
2004	44	33
2003	45	34
2002	46	34
2001	46	36
2000	48	37
1999	50	38
1998	51	39
1997	52	40
1996	54	42
1995	55	43
1994	58	44
1993	59	46
1992	62	48
1991	65	49
1990	68	51
1989	71	52
1988	73	55
1987	75	56
1986	78	59
1985	79	63

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 36 deaths per 100,000 live births in Brunei, compared to 26 deaths in Malaysia.

Under-five mortality rates

Chart Table

Brunei

Malaysia

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

1x

Year	Under 5 mortality rate
	Brunei	Malaysia
2023	0.94%	0.81%
2022	0.95%	0.81%
2021	0.96%	0.81%
2020	0.97%	0.81%
2019	0.98%	0.82%
2018	0.99%	0.82%
2017	1%	0.82%
2016	1%	0.82%
2015	1%	0.81%
2014	1%	0.81%
2013	0.99%	0.81%
2012	0.99%	0.8%
2011	0.98%	0.81%
2010	0.97%	0.81%
2009	0.96%	0.82%
2008	0.96%	0.82%
2007	0.95%	0.82%
2006	0.95%	0.83%
2005	0.95%	0.83%
2004	0.95%	0.84%
2003	0.96%	0.85%
2002	0.98%	0.88%
2001	1%	0.93%
2000	1.03%	1%
1999	1.07%	1.07%
1998	1.1%	1.15%
1997	1.15%	1.23%
1996	1.19%	1.29%
1995	1.23%	1.34%
1994	1.27%	1.39%
1993	1.3%	1.45%
1992	1.31%	1.51%
1991	1.32%	1.58%
1990	1.33%	1.66%
1989	1.35%	1.74%
1988	1.38%	1.83%
1987	1.42%	1.93%
1986	1.48%	2.05%
1985	1.57%	2.18%
1984	1.67%	2.32%
1983	1.79%	2.47%
1982	1.93%	2.65%
1981	2.09%	2.84%
1980	2.28%	3.04%
1979	2.48%	3.25%
1978	2.71%	3.48%
1977	2.95%	3.71%
1976	3.21%	3.97%
1975	3.49%	4.23%
1974	3.77%	4.5%
1973	4.06%	4.79%
1972	4.35%	5.06%
1971	4.64%	5.32%
1970	4.91%	5.56%
1969	5.16%	5.79%
1968	5.42%	6.02%
1967	5.69%	6.27%
1966	5.98%	6.56%
1965	6.32%	6.89%
1964	6.7%	7.28%
1963	7.15%	7.74%
1962	7.66%	8.25%
1961	8.24%	8.83%
1960	8.9%	9.46%

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 0.94% in Brunei and 0.81% in Malaysia. Above is a chart with historical data on under-five mortality rates.