Fertility & birth rates in Brazil and Madagascar

Fertility rate in Brazil vs Madagascar chart

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Brazil was 1.62 children per woman in 2023, compared to 3.97 in Madagascar in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Brazil vs Madagascar population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart below showcases historical changes in the birth rates.

Table

Year	Fertility rate
	Brazil	Madagascar
1960	6.05	7.34
1961	6.02	7.3
1962	5.98	7.26
1963	5.93	7.21
1964	5.82	7.19
1965	5.68	7.17
1966	5.52	7.16
1967	5.34	7.14
1968	5.17	7.13
1969	5.04	7.12
1970	4.93	7.1
1971	4.84	7.07
1972	4.74	7.04
1973	4.64	7.01
1974	4.5	6.99
1975	4.42	6.97
1976	4.34	6.95
1977	4.27	6.93
1978	4.2	6.9
1979	4.12	6.87
1980	4.04	6.84
1981	3.94	6.77
1982	3.84	6.7
1983	3.72	6.63
1984	3.6	6.55
1985	3.48	6.46
1986	3.36	6.34
1987	3.23	6.24
1988	3.11	6.18
1989	3.01	6.15
1990	2.9	6.14
1991	2.81	6.12
1992	2.71	6.08
1993	2.66	6.06
1994	2.6	6.04
1995	2.57	6.04
1996	2.51	6.03
1997	2.47	6.02
1998	2.42	5.99
1999	2.34	5.84
2000	2.25	5.67
2001	2.16	5.53
2002	2.08	5.41
2003	2.01	5.33
2004	1.97	5.26
2005	1.94	5.2
2006	1.9	5.13
2007	1.85	5.08
2008	1.82	5.04
2009	1.8	5
2010	1.79	4.9
2011	1.78	4.74
2012	1.77	4.61
2013	1.76	4.53
2014	1.78	4.42
2015	1.78	4.34
2016	1.73	4.29
2017	1.74	4.26
2018	1.74	4.25
2019	1.71	4.22
2020	1.65	4.17
2021	1.64	4.1
2022	1.63	4.04
2023	1.62	3.97
2024	1.61	3.91
2025	1.6	3.84
2026	1.59	3.78
2027	1.58	3.72
2028	1.58	3.66
2029	1.58	3.61
2030	1.58	3.56
2031	1.57	3.51
2032	1.57	3.46
2033	1.57	3.41
2034	1.57	3.36
2035	1.57	3.32
2036	1.57	3.28
2037	1.57	3.24
2038	1.57	3.2
2039	1.57	3.16
2040	1.57	3.12
2041	1.57	3.09
2042	1.57	3.05
2043	1.57	3.02
2044	1.57	2.99
2045	1.57	2.95
2046	1.57	2.92
2047	1.56	2.9
2048	1.56	2.87
2049	1.56	2.84
2050	1.56	2.82

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Table

Year	Share of people 0-14 years old
	Brazil	Madagascar
1960	44.2%	45.2%
1961	44.3%	45.8%
1962	44.4%	46.3%
1963	44.5%	46.7%
1964	44.4%	46.8%
1965	44.2%	46.7%
1966	44%	46.6%
1967	43.8%	46.5%
1968	43.4%	46.5%
1969	43%	46.4%
1970	42.7%	46.4%
1971	42.2%	46.4%
1972	41.8%	46.4%
1973	41.4%	46.4%
1974	40.9%	46.5%
1975	40.5%	46.5%
1976	40%	46.6%
1977	39.6%	46.7%
1978	39.1%	46.8%
1979	38.8%	46.9%
1980	38.4%	47%
1981	38.1%	47.1%
1982	37.9%	47.1%
1983	37.7%	47%
1984	37.4%	46.9%
1985	37.2%	46.8%
1986	36.9%	46.7%
1987	36.6%	46.5%
1988	36.3%	46.3%
1989	35.9%	46.1%
1990	35.5%	45.9%
1991	35%	45.7%
1992	34.5%	45.6%
1993	34%	45.5%
1994	33.4%	45.4%
1995	32.8%	45.3%
1996	32.2%	45.3%
1997	31.6%	45.3%
1998	31%	45.4%
1999	30.5%	45.4%
2000	29.9%	45.4%
2001	29.3%	45.4%
2002	28.7%	45.4%
2003	28.2%	45.4%
2004	27.6%	45.3%
2005	27.1%	45.2%
2006	26.6%	45%
2007	26.1%	44.8%
2008	25.7%	44.6%
2009	25.2%	44.3%
2010	24.7%	44%
2011	24.2%	43.7%
2012	23.7%	43.3%
2013	23.3%	42.8%
2014	22.8%	42.4%
2015	22.4%	42%
2016	22%	41.6%
2017	21.7%	41.2%
2018	21.4%	40.9%
2019	21.1%	40.7%
2020	20.8%	40.4%
2021	20.5%	40.1%
2022	20.2%	39.9%
2023	19.9%	39.6%
2024	19.7%	39.3%
2025	19.4%	38.9%
2026	19.1%	38.6%
2027	18.8%	38.4%
2028	18.5%	38.1%
2029	18.2%	37.8%
2030	17.9%	37.6%
2031	17.7%	37.3%
2032	17.4%	37%
2033	17.1%	36.7%
2034	16.9%	36.4%
2035	16.6%	36%
2036	16.4%	35.7%
2037	16.2%	35.3%
2038	16.1%	35%
2039	15.9%	34.6%
2040	15.8%	34.3%
2041	15.6%	34%
2042	15.5%	33.6%
2043	15.4%	33.3%
2044	15.3%	33%
2045	15.2%	32.7%
2046	15.1%	32.4%
2047	15%	32.1%
2048	14.9%	31.8%
2049	14.8%	31.6%
2050	14.6%	31.3%

Children aged 0-14 make up 19.7% of the population in Brazil and 39.3% in Madagascar in 2024, compared to 35.5% and 45.9% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Brazil and Madagascar compared.

Natural population change in Brazil vs Madagascar by year

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change (excluding migration) has been +0.68% in Brazil and +2.57% in Madagascar. The chart below illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes resulting from births and deaths.

Table

Year	Population change due to births and deaths
	Brazil	Madagascar
1960	2,190,392	133,684
1961	2,240,178	136,578
1962	2,286,666	139,412
1963	2,326,400	142,666
1964	2,338,478	146,894
1965	2,336,415	152,362
1966	2,325,332	159,483
1967	2,307,560	167,287
1968	2,301,561	175,869
1969	2,324,190	184,562
1970	2,362,073	194,889
1971	2,407,319	204,617
1972	2,454,698	213,138
1973	2,501,309	221,768
1974	2,524,254	230,233
1975	2,585,130	238,774
1976	2,648,647	247,026
1977	2,715,328	255,399
1978	2,778,815	263,684
1979	2,836,759	270,752
1980	2,887,768	275,287
1981	2,928,262	277,535
1982	2,948,552	284,733
1983	2,952,335	290,085
1984	2,931,496	296,892
1985	2,912,908	304,199
1986	2,880,440	307,074
1987	2,825,485	317,621
1988	2,768,082	330,510
1989	2,717,923	344,279
1990	2,652,959	360,621
1991	2,606,167	375,040
1992	2,547,698	388,430
1993	2,545,874	408,801
1994	2,532,951	428,169
1995	2,546,195	450,259
1996	2,530,690	471,453
1997	2,531,758	490,905
1998	2,514,728	508,408
1999	2,450,869	516,976
2000	2,372,043	520,860
2001	2,291,210	529,656
2002	2,207,017	535,518
2003	2,128,819	544,903
2004	2,108,072	556,319
2005	2,083,281	568,143
2006	2,026,119	581,489
2007	1,970,372	597,772
2008	1,908,051	615,580
2009	1,878,542	634,008
2010	1,847,336	641,543
2011	1,815,758	640,577
2012	1,782,516	644,255
2013	1,758,716	654,230
2014	1,757,948	660,837
2015	1,742,275	668,977
2016	1,609,488	682,801
2017	1,610,402	699,498
2018	1,583,935	719,267
2019	1,472,104	735,853
2020	1,146,174	736,607
2021	919,507	741,416
2022	1,054,897	753,931
2023	1,107,434	766,391

Maternal mortality chart: Brazil vs Madagascar

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 67 deaths per 100,000 live births in Brazil, compared to 445 deaths in Madagascar.

Table

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Brazil	Madagascar
1985	186	751
1986	176	730
1987	167	702
1988	161	687
1989	150	684
1990	140	692
1991	128	691
1992	118	699
1993	113	688
1994	108	688
1995	103	684
1996	98	680
1997	92	676
1998	84	663
1999	75	647
2000	69	638
2001	66	611
2002	66	593
2003	67	571
2004	70	555
2005	71	540
2006	72	528
2007	73	522
2008	71	510
2009	69	507
2010	66	500
2011	62	492
2012	60	487
2013	61	481
2014	63	477
2015	63	474
2016	64	470
2017	61	469
2018	62	466
2019	65	462
2020	85	447
2021	128	467
2022	104	439
2023	67	445

Under-five mortality rates

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 1.44% in Brazil and 6.48% in Madagascar. Below is the historical data on under-five mortality rates.

Table

Year	Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
	Brazil	Madagascar
1960	16.9%	-
1961	16.5%	-
1962	16%	-
1963	15.6%	-
1964	15.2%	-
1965	14.9%	-
1966	14.5%	-
1967	14.2%	-
1968	13.9%	14.6%
1969	13.6%	14.7%
1970	13.2%	14.9%
1971	12.9%	15.1%
1972	12.6%	15.3%
1973	12.2%	15.6%
1974	11.9%	15.8%
1975	11.6%	16.1%
1976	11.2%	16.3%
1977	10.8%	16.5%
1978	10.4%	16.7%
1979	10%	16.9%
1980	9.57%	17.1%
1981	9.14%	17.4%
1982	8.73%	17.6%
1983	8.34%	17.8%
1984	7.98%	17.8%
1985	7.67%	17.7%
1986	7.38%	17.5%
1987	7.11%	17.1%
1988	6.84%	16.6%
1989	6.58%	16.1%
1990	6.31%	15.6%
1991	6.02%	15%
1992	5.72%	14.5%
1993	5.41%	14%
1994	5.09%	13.5%
1995	4.77%	13.1%
1996	4.47%	12.6%
1997	4.19%	12%
1998	3.93%	11.5%
1999	3.68%	11%
2000	3.45%	10.5%
2001	3.22%	10%
2002	3.01%	9.6%
2003	2.81%	9.2%
2004	2.63%	8.82%
2005	2.46%	8.46%
2006	2.31%	8.12%
2007	2.17%	7.81%
2008	2.05%	7.53%
2009	1.95%	7.28%
2010	1.86%	7.07%
2011	1.79%	6.9%
2012	1.72%	6.77%
2013	1.67%	6.69%
2014	1.63%	6.62%
2015	1.6%	6.58%
2016	1.68%	6.57%
2017	1.54%	6.57%
2018	1.52%	6.58%
2019	1.5%	6.61%
2020	1.49%	6.63%
2021	1.47%	6.62%
2022	1.46%	6.57%
2023	1.44%	6.48%