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Fertility & birth rates in Bosnia and Herzegovina and Madagascar

Updated on by Georank team

Bosnia and Herzegovina has an annual birth rate of 7.71 births per 1,000 people, compared to 32.1 for Madagascar. The average number of children a woman is expected to have during her lifetime — the fertility rate, is 1.49 in Bosnia and Herzegovina and 3.97 in Madagascar — 167.3% difference.

1960 vs 2023, the fertility rate has decreased by 62.5% in Bosnia and Herzegovina and by 45.9% in Madagascar — in 1960, it was 3.96 and 7.34, respectively.

  • Bosnia and Herzegovina is ranked 180/196 by birth rate compared to 21/196 for Madagascar.
  • The mean age for first-time mothers is 28 years in Bosnia and Herzegovina, compared to 19.5 years in Madagascar.
  • The mean age at childbearing (for all the births, not just the first) is 29.3 in Bosnia and Herzegovina — it's 27.8 in Madagascar.
  • Annual births per 1,000 women ages 15-19 (adolescent birth rate or teenage mother rate) is 11.2 in Bosnia and Herzegovina vs 129.8 in Madagascar.
  • In Bosnia and Herzegovina, 20.9% of the population is composed of women of reproductive age (15-49), compared to 24.7% in Madagascar.

Fertility rate in Bosnia and Herzegovina vs Madagascar by year

Bosnia and Herzegovina
Madagascar
1x
Year Fertility rate
Bosnia Madagascar
2023 1.49 3.97
2022 1.48 4.04
2021 1.49 4.1
2020 1.52 4.17
2019 1.51 4.22
2018 1.5 4.25
2017 1.42 4.26
2016 1.36 4.29
2015 1.32 4.34
2014 1.26 4.42
2013 1.28 4.53
2012 1.25 4.61
2011 1.21 4.74
2010 1.26 4.9
2009 1.27 5
2008 1.21 5.04
2007 1.19 5.08
2006 1.18 5.13
2005 1.2 5.2
2004 1.22 5.26
2003 1.22 5.33
2002 1.23 5.41
2001 1.23 5.53
2000 1.28 5.67
1999 1.37 5.84
1998 1.56 5.99
1997 1.69 6.02
1996 1.65 6.03
1995 1.67 6.04
1994 1.7 6.04
1993 1.73 6.06
1992 1.76 6.08
1991 1.78 6.12
1990 1.79 6.14
1989 1.79 6.15
1988 1.85 6.18
1987 1.88 6.24
1986 1.91 6.34
1985 1.96 6.46
1984 2.02 6.55
1983 2.05 6.63
1982 2.05 6.7
1981 2.02 6.77
1980 1.98 6.84
1979 1.99 6.87
1978 2.08 6.9
1977 2.2 6.93
1976 2.31 6.95
1975 2.39 6.97
1974 2.45 6.99
1973 2.54 7.01
1972 2.67 7.04
1971 2.75 7.07
1970 2.79 7.1
1969 2.95 7.12
1968 3.08 7.13
1967 3.22 7.14
1966 3.39 7.16
1965 3.53 7.17
1964 3.6 7.19
1963 3.7 7.21
1962 3.81 7.26
1961 3.89 7.3
1960 3.96 7.34

Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2023, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/birth-rate/bosnia-and-herzegovina/madagascar | CC BY

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Bosnia and Herzegovina was 1.49 children per woman in 2023, compared to 3.97 in Madagascar in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Bosnia and Herzegovina vs Madagascar population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

Natural population change by year

Bosnia and Herzegovina
Madagascar
1x
Year Natural population change
Bosnia Madagascar
2023 -18,292 766,391
2022 -20,197 753,931
2021 -33,670 741,416
2020 -22,502 736,607
2019 -15,192 735,853
2018 -10,761 719,267
2017 -12,810 699,498
2016 -13,009 682,801
2015 -11,942 668,977
2014 -11,009 660,837
2013 -8,367 654,230
2012 -6,761 644,255
2011 -5,354 640,577
2010 -1,895 641,543
2009 652 634,008
2008 161 615,580
2007 1,557 597,772
2006 2,714 581,489
2005 6,546 568,143
2004 9,549 556,319
2003 10,781 544,903
2002 10,972 535,518
2001 10,424 529,656
2000 11,722 520,860
1999 13,568 516,976
1998 18,492 508,408
1997 19,311 490,905
1996 13,327 471,453
1995 5,926 450,259
1994 4,895 428,169
1993 -27,199 408,801
1992 -17,883 388,430
1991 33,692 375,040
1990 34,993 360,621
1989 36,802 344,279
1988 39,058 330,510
1987 41,172 317,621
1986 42,884 307,074
1985 44,983 304,199
1984 46,413 296,892
1983 47,135 290,085
1982 47,023 284,733
1981 45,423 277,535
1980 42,911 275,287
1979 42,157 270,752
1978 44,800 263,684
1977 48,643 255,399
1976 52,107 247,026
1975 53,629 238,774
1974 53,600 230,233
1973 52,989 221,768
1972 54,072 213,138
1971 54,352 204,617
1970 54,455 194,889
1969 58,454 184,562
1968 61,422 175,869
1967 65,618 167,287
1966 70,085 159,483
1965 72,896 152,362
1964 74,151 146,894
1963 75,380 142,666
1962 77,582 139,412
1961 77,601 136,578
1960 76,840 133,684

Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2023, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/birth-rate/bosnia-and-herzegovina/madagascar | CC BY

The chart above illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes in population resulting from births and deaths.

Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was -0.57% in Bosnia and Herzegovina and +2.46% in Madagascar.

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change has been -0.51% in Bosnia and Herzegovina and +2.57% in Madagascar.

Birth rate in Bosnia and Herzegovina vs Madagascar by year

Bosnia and Herzegovina
Madagascar

Annual births per 1,000 people

1x
Year Annual births per 1,000 people
Bosnia Madagascar
2023 7.71 32.1
2022 7.75 32.5
2021 8.01 32.9
2020 8.35 33.3
2019 8.56 33.6
2018 8.8 33.7
2017 8.57 33.6
2016 8.48 33.6
2015 8.52 33.8
2014 8.4 34.2
2013 8.74 34.7
2012 8.87 35.1
2011 8.87 35.8
2010 9.46 36.7
2009 9.76 37.4
2008 9.53 37.5
2007 9.56 37.8
2006 9.55 38
2005 9.81 38.4
2004 10.1 39
2003 10.1 39.5
2002 10.1 40.2
2001 9.98 41.1
2000 10.2 42
1999 10.7 43.2
1998 12 44.1
1997 12.4 44.4
1996 11.2 44.6
1995 10.7 44.5
1994 12 44.2
1993 13 44.1
1992 15.3 43.9
1991 15.1 44.1
1990 15.4 44.1
1989 15.7 43.9
1988 16.4 43.8
1987 16.9 43.8
1986 17.2 44
1985 17.8 44.8
1984 18.2 45.2
1983 18.4 45.5
1982 18.3 45.9
1981 17.9 46.2
1980 17.4 46.8
1979 17.4 47.2
1978 18 47.4
1977 18.9 47.4
1976 19.7 47.4
1975 20.2 47.4
1974 20.5 47.4
1973 20.9 47.4
1972 21.8 47.4
1971 22.1 47.2
1970 22.3 46.8
1969 23.5 46.5
1968 24.6 46.1
1967 26 45.9
1966 27.7 45.7
1965 29.3 45.6
1964 30.4 45.7
1963 31.7 46
1962 33 46.5
1961 34 47.1
1960 34.6 47.6

Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2023, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/birth-rate/bosnia-and-herzegovina/madagascar | CC BY

The latest reported birth rate per 1,000 people in 2023 was 7.71 in Bosnia and Herzegovina and 32.1 in Madagascar, compared with 34.6 and 47.6, respectively, in 1960.

Birth rate data compared

Bosnia Madagascar
Fertility rate 1.49 3.97
Fertility rate rank 149/196 28/196
Birth rate 7.71 32.1
Birth rate rank 180/196 21/196
Population change due to births and deaths -18,292 +766,391
Natural population change rank 176/196 22/196
Natural population change rate -0.57% +2.46%
Population growth -0.65% +2.47%
Population growth rank 190/197 29/197
Age at first childbirth 28 years 19.5 years
Average age at childbearing 29.3 years 27.8 years
Annual births per 1,000 women ages 15-19 9.85 127.7
Annual births per 1,000 women ages 20-29 79.7 171.3
Annual births per 1,000 women ages 30+ 8.49 52.7
Female of reproductive age (15-49), share of population 20.9% 24.7%
Any modern method of contraceptive prevalence among married women ages 15-49 12.1% 42.7%
Share of births attended by skilled health staff 99.9% 45.8%
Maternal mortality per live birth 0.006% 0.45%
Neonatal mortality rate (before reaching 28 days of age) 0.45% 2.38%
Infant mortality rate (before reaching 1 year of age) 0.53% 4.42%
Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age 0.6% 6.48%
Life expectancy 78.4 years 64.3 years

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Bosnia and Herzegovina
Factual

UN forecast
Madagascar
Factual

UN forecast
1x
Year Young
Bosnia Madagascar
2100 11.4% 21.5%
2099 11.4% 21.6%
2098 11.4% 21.8%
2097 11.4% 21.9%
2096 11.4% 22.1%
2095 11.4% 22.2%
2094 11.4% 22.3%
2093 11.4% 22.5%
2092 11.4% 22.6%
2091 11.4% 22.8%
2090 11.4% 22.9%
2089 11.4% 23.1%
2088 11.5% 23.3%
2087 11.5% 23.4%
2086 11.5% 23.6%
2085 11.5% 23.7%
2084 11.6% 23.9%
2083 11.6% 24.1%
2082 11.6% 24.3%
2081 11.6% 24.4%
2080 11.6% 24.6%
2079 11.6% 24.8%
2078 11.6% 25%
2077 11.6% 25.2%
2076 11.5% 25.4%
2075 11.5% 25.6%
2074 11.5% 25.8%
2073 11.5% 26%
2072 11.4% 26.2%
2071 11.4% 26.4%
2070 11.4% 26.6%
2069 11.3% 26.9%
2068 11.3% 27.1%
2067 11.3% 27.3%
2066 11.3% 27.5%
2065 11.3% 27.7%
2064 11.3% 28%
2063 11.3% 28.2%
2062 11.3% 28.4%
2061 11.3% 28.7%
2060 11.3% 28.9%
2059 11.3% 29.1%
2058 11.4% 29.4%
2057 11.4% 29.6%
2056 11.4% 29.9%
2055 11.5% 30.1%
2054 11.5% 30.4%
2053 11.6% 30.6%
2052 11.6% 30.9%
2051 11.7% 31.2%
2050 11.7% 31.4%
2049 11.8% 31.7%
2048 11.8% 32%
2047 11.8% 32.3%
2046 11.9% 32.6%
2045 11.9% 32.9%
2044 11.9% 33.2%
2043 11.9% 33.5%
2042 11.9% 33.8%
2041 11.9% 34.1%
2040 11.9% 34.5%
2039 11.9% 34.8%
2038 11.9% 35.1%
2037 11.9% 35.5%
2036 11.9% 35.8%
2035 12% 36.2%
2034 12.1% 36.5%
2033 12.2% 36.9%
2032 12.3% 37.2%
2031 12.3% 37.4%
2030 12.4% 37.7%
2029 12.4% 38%
2028 12.5% 38.2%
2027 12.7% 38.5%
2026 12.8% 38.8%
2025 12.9% 39.1%
2024 13% 39.3%
2023 13.2% 39.6%
2022 13.4% 39.9%
2021 13.5% 40.1%
2020 13.6% 40.4%
2019 13.7% 40.7%
2018 13.8% 40.9%
2017 14% 41.2%
2016 14.1% 41.6%
2015 14.3% 42%
2014 14.5% 42.4%
2013 14.8% 42.8%
2012 15.1% 43.3%
2011 15.4% 43.7%
2010 15.6% 44%
2009 15.7% 44.3%
2008 15.8% 44.6%
2007 16.1% 44.8%
2006 16.4% 45%
2005 16.9% 45.2%
2004 17.3% 45.3%
2003 17.8% 45.4%
2002 18.4% 45.4%
2001 19.1% 45.4%
2000 19.9% 45.4%
1999 20.7% 45.4%
1998 21.5% 45.4%
1997 22.4% 45.3%
1996 23.5% 45.3%
1995 24.8% 45.3%
1994 25.5% 45.4%
1993 25.5% 45.5%
1992 24.7% 45.6%
1991 24.3% 45.7%
1990 24.6% 45.9%
1989 24.9% 46.1%
1988 25.1% 46.3%
1987 25.4% 46.5%
1986 25.7% 46.7%
1985 25.9% 46.8%
1984 26.2% 46.9%
1983 26.5% 47%
1982 26.9% 47.1%
1981 27.5% 47.1%
1980 28.1% 47%
1979 28.7% 46.9%
1978 29.3% 46.8%
1977 30% 46.7%
1976 30.7% 46.6%
1975 31.5% 46.5%
1974 32.2% 46.5%
1973 33% 46.4%
1972 33.7% 46.4%
1971 34.4% 46.4%
1970 35.2% 46.4%
1969 36% 46.4%
1968 36.7% 46.5%
1967 37.3% 46.5%
1966 37.8% 46.6%
1965 38.1% 46.7%
1964 38.4% 46.8%
1963 38.6% 46.7%
1962 38.6% 46.3%
1961 38.5% 45.8%
1960 38.2% 45.2%

Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06); United Nations | World Population Prospects (2025–2100, retrieved 2026-03-10).

GeoRank.org/birth-rate/bosnia-and-herzegovina/madagascar | CC BY

Children aged 0-14 make up 13% of the population in Bosnia and Herzegovina and 39.3% in Madagascar in 2024, compared to 24.6% and 45.9% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Bosnia and Herzegovina and Madagascar compared.

Fertility rates around the globe

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2023, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/birth-rate/bosnia-and-herzegovina/madagascar | CC BY

Maternal mortality chart: Bosnia and Herzegovina vs Madagascar

Bosnia and Herzegovina
Madagascar
1x
Year Maternal mortality per 100K births
Bosnia Madagascar
2023 6 445
2022 12 439
2021 13 467
2020 7 447
2019 6 462
2018 7 466
2017 7 469
2016 7 470
2015 7 474
2014 7 477
2013 7 481
2012 7 487
2011 7 492
2010 8 500
2009 8 507
2008 8 510
2007 9 522
2006 9 528
2005 9 540
2004 10 555
2003 10 571
2002 10 593
2001 11 611
2000 11 638
1999 13 647
1998 14 663
1997 16 676
1996 17 680
1995 19 684
1994 22 688
1993 26 688
1992 30 699
1991 23 691
1990 25 692
1989 26 684
1988 29 687
1987 31 702
1986 33 730
1985 35 751

Data sources: World Bank | Gender (1985–2023, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/birth-rate/bosnia-and-herzegovina/madagascar | CC BY

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 6 deaths per 100,000 live births in Bosnia and Herzegovina, compared to 445 deaths in Madagascar.

Under-five mortality rates

Bosnia and Herzegovina
Madagascar

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

1x
Year Under 5 mortality rate
Bosnia Madagascar
2023 0.6% 6.48%
2022 0.62% 6.57%
2021 0.64% 6.62%
2020 0.66% 6.63%
2019 0.67% 6.61%
2018 0.68% 6.58%
2017 0.68% 6.57%
2016 0.68% 6.57%
2015 0.67% 6.58%
2014 0.67% 6.62%
2013 0.67% 6.69%
2012 0.67% 6.77%
2011 0.68% 6.9%
2010 0.68% 7.07%
2009 0.69% 7.28%
2008 0.7% 7.53%
2007 0.71% 7.81%
2006 0.72% 8.12%
2005 0.74% 8.46%
2004 0.76% 8.82%
2003 0.8% 9.2%
2002 0.84% 9.6%
2001 0.89% 10%
2000 0.95% 10.5%
1999 1.02% 11%
1998 1.09% 11.5%
1997 1.17% 12%
1996 1.24% 12.6%
1995 1.94% 13.1%
1994 1.4% 13.5%
1993 5.87% 14%
1992 5.78% 14.5%
1991 1.69% 15%
1990 1.82% 15.6%
1989 1.96% 16.1%
1988 2.12% 16.6%
1987 2.3% 17.1%
1986 2.49% 17.5%
1985 2.7% 17.7%
1984 2.94% 17.8%
1983 - 17.8%
1982 - 17.6%
1981 - 17.4%
1980 - 17.1%
1979 - 16.9%
1978 - 16.7%
1977 - 16.5%
1976 - 16.3%
1975 - 16.1%
1974 - 15.8%
1973 - 15.6%
1972 - 15.3%
1971 - 15.1%
1970 - 14.9%
1969 - 14.7%
1968 - 14.6%

Data sources: World Bank | Health (1968–2023, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/birth-rate/bosnia-and-herzegovina/madagascar | CC BY

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 0.6% in Bosnia and Herzegovina and 6.48% in Madagascar. Above is a chart with historical data on under-five mortality rates.

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Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Health (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06)
  2. United Nations | World Population Prospects (2025–2100, retrieved 2026-03-10)
  3. United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) (2021, retrieved 2026-03-10)
  4. Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2025, retrieved 2026-02-20)

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