Fertility & birth rates in Luxembourg and Madagascar

Fertility rate in Luxembourg vs Madagascar chart

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Luxembourg was 1.25 children per woman in 2023, compared to 3.97 in Madagascar in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Luxembourg vs Madagascar population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart below showcases historical changes in the birth rates.

Table

Year	Fertility rate
	Luxembourg	Madagascar
1960	2.29	7.34
1961	-	7.3
1962	2.37	7.26
1963	-	7.21
1964	2.34	7.19
1965	2.42	7.17
1966	2.34	7.16
1967	2.24	7.14
1968	2.12	7.13
1969	2.02	7.12
1970	1.97	7.1
1971	1.95	7.07
1972	1.75	7.04
1973	1.58	7.01
1974	1.58	6.99
1975	1.55	6.97
1976	1.48	6.95
1977	1.5	6.93
1978	1.48	6.9
1979	1.48	6.87
1980	1.5	6.84
1981	1.55	6.77
1982	1.49	6.7
1983	1.43	6.63
1984	1.42	6.55
1985	1.38	6.46
1986	1.43	6.34
1987	1.4	6.24
1988	1.51	6.18
1989	1.52	6.15
1990	1.6	6.14
1991	1.6	6.12
1992	1.64	6.08
1993	1.7	6.06
1994	1.72	6.04
1995	1.7	6.04
1996	1.77	6.03
1997	1.71	6.02
1998	1.68	5.99
1999	1.74	5.84
2000	1.76	5.67
2001	1.66	5.53
2002	1.63	5.41
2003	1.62	5.33
2004	1.66	5.26
2005	1.63	5.2
2006	1.65	5.13
2007	1.61	5.08
2008	1.61	5.04
2009	1.59	5
2010	1.63	4.9
2011	1.52	4.74
2012	1.57	4.61
2013	1.55	4.53
2014	1.5	4.42
2015	1.47	4.34
2016	1.41	4.29
2017	1.39	4.26
2018	1.38	4.25
2019	1.34	4.22
2020	1.36	4.17
2021	1.38	4.1
2022	1.31	4.04
2023	1.25	3.97
2024	1.25	3.91
2025	1.26	3.84
2026	1.26	3.78
2027	1.27	3.72
2028	1.27	3.66
2029	1.28	3.61
2030	1.28	3.56
2031	1.29	3.51
2032	1.29	3.46
2033	1.29	3.41
2034	1.29	3.36
2035	1.3	3.32
2036	1.3	3.28
2037	1.3	3.24
2038	1.3	3.2
2039	1.3	3.16
2040	1.31	3.12
2041	1.31	3.09
2042	1.31	3.05
2043	1.31	3.02
2044	1.32	2.99
2045	1.32	2.95
2046	1.32	2.92
2047	1.32	2.9
2048	1.32	2.87
2049	1.33	2.84
2050	1.33	2.82

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Table

Year	Share of people 0-14 years old
	Luxembourg	Madagascar
1960	21.2%	45.2%
1961	21.5%	45.8%
1962	21.7%	46.3%
1963	21.9%	46.7%
1964	22.1%	46.8%
1965	22.3%	46.7%
1966	22.5%	46.6%
1967	22.6%	46.5%
1968	22.5%	46.5%
1969	22.4%	46.4%
1970	22.2%	46.4%
1971	22%	46.4%
1972	21.6%	46.4%
1973	21.2%	46.4%
1974	20.9%	46.5%
1975	20.5%	46.5%
1976	20.2%	46.6%
1977	19.9%	46.7%
1978	19.5%	46.8%
1979	19.2%	46.9%
1980	18.8%	47%
1981	18.4%	47.1%
1982	18.1%	47.1%
1983	17.8%	47%
1984	17.5%	46.9%
1985	17.2%	46.8%
1986	17%	46.7%
1987	16.9%	46.5%
1988	17%	46.3%
1989	17.2%	46.1%
1990	17.4%	45.9%
1991	17.6%	45.7%
1992	17.8%	45.6%
1993	18%	45.5%
1994	18.3%	45.4%
1995	18.4%	45.3%
1996	18.6%	45.3%
1997	18.7%	45.3%
1998	18.8%	45.4%
1999	18.9%	45.4%
2000	18.9%	45.4%
2001	18.9%	45.4%
2002	18.9%	45.4%
2003	18.8%	45.4%
2004	18.7%	45.3%
2005	18.5%	45.2%
2006	18.4%	45%
2007	18.2%	44.8%
2008	18%	44.6%
2009	17.8%	44.3%
2010	17.7%	44%
2011	17.4%	43.7%
2012	17.1%	43.3%
2013	16.9%	42.8%
2014	16.7%	42.4%
2015	16.6%	42%
2016	16.4%	41.6%
2017	16.2%	41.2%
2018	16.1%	40.9%
2019	16%	40.7%
2020	16%	40.4%
2021	15.9%	40.1%
2022	15.9%	39.9%
2023	15.8%	39.6%
2024	15.8%	39.3%
2025	15.7%	38.9%
2026	15.7%	38.6%
2027	15.7%	38.4%
2028	15.6%	38.1%
2029	15.5%	37.8%
2030	15.4%	37.6%
2031	15.3%	37.3%
2032	15.2%	37%
2033	15.1%	36.7%
2034	15%	36.4%
2035	14.9%	36%
2036	14.7%	35.7%
2037	14.6%	35.3%
2038	14.5%	35%
2039	14.3%	34.6%
2040	14.2%	34.3%
2041	14%	34%
2042	13.9%	33.6%
2043	13.8%	33.3%
2044	13.7%	33%
2045	13.6%	32.7%
2046	13.5%	32.4%
2047	13.5%	32.1%
2048	13.5%	31.8%
2049	13.5%	31.6%
2050	13.5%	31.3%

Children aged 0-14 make up 15.8% of the population in Luxembourg and 39.3% in Madagascar in 2024, compared to 17.4% and 45.9% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Luxembourg and Madagascar compared.

Natural population change in Luxembourg vs Madagascar by year

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change (excluding migration) has been +0.33% in Luxembourg and +2.57% in Madagascar. The chart below illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes resulting from births and deaths.

Table

Year	Population change due to births and deaths
	Luxembourg	Madagascar
1960	1,319	133,684
1961	1,489	136,578
1962	1,091	139,412
1963	1,199	142,666
1964	1,377	146,894
1965	1,260	152,362
1966	1,168	159,483
1967	837	167,287
1968	604	175,869
1969	303	184,562
1970	272	194,889
1971	69	204,617
1972	-35	213,138
1973	-421	221,768
1974	-390	230,233
1975	-395	238,774
1976	-578	247,026
1977	-36	255,399
1978	-145	263,684
1979	72	270,752
1980	37	275,287
1981	329	277,535
1982	183	284,733
1983	37	290,085
1984	146	296,892
1985	74	304,199
1986	331	307,074
1987	222	317,621
1988	747	330,510
1989	679	344,279
1990	1,145	360,621
1991	1,239	375,040
1992	1,098	388,430
1993	1,470	408,801
1994	1,652	428,169
1995	1,634	450,259
1996	1,781	471,453
1997	1,552	490,905
1998	1,486	508,408
1999	1,808	516,976
2000	1,963	520,860
2001	1,766	529,656
2002	1,607	535,518
2003	1,220	544,903
2004	1,878	556,319
2005	1,721	568,143
2006	1,748	581,489
2007	1,584	597,772
2008	2,003	615,580
2009	1,991	634,008
2010	2,129	641,543
2011	1,814	640,577
2012	2,124	644,255
2013	2,336	654,230
2014	2,225	660,837
2015	2,107	668,977
2016	2,095	682,801
2017	1,968	699,498
2018	1,945	719,267
2019	1,922	735,853
2020	1,828	736,607
2021	2,240	741,416
2022	2,024	753,931
2023	1,933	766,391

Maternal mortality chart: Luxembourg vs Madagascar

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 11 deaths per 100,000 live births in Luxembourg, compared to 445 deaths in Madagascar.

Table

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Luxembourg	Madagascar
1985	24	751
1986	24	730
1987	23	702
1988	24	687
1989	21	684
1990	24	692
1991	25	691
1992	26	699
1993	20	688
1994	20	688
1995	22	684
1996	23	680
1997	22	676
1998	18	663
1999	21	647
2000	18	638
2001	19	611
2002	17	593
2003	15	571
2004	17	555
2005	17	540
2006	16	528
2007	14	522
2008	13	510
2009	15	507
2010	17	500
2011	13	492
2012	13	487
2013	15	481
2014	13	477
2015	13	474
2016	13	470
2017	15	469
2018	9	466
2019	12	462
2020	6	447
2021	6	467
2022	6	439
2023	11	445

Under-five mortality rates

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 0.23% in Luxembourg and 6.48% in Madagascar. Below is the historical data on under-five mortality rates.

Table

Year	Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
	Luxembourg	Madagascar
1960	3.72%	-
1961	3.54%	-
1962	3.36%	-
1963	3.2%	-
1964	3.04%	-
1965	2.89%	-
1966	2.75%	-
1967	2.61%	-
1968	2.48%	14.6%
1969	2.36%	14.7%
1970	2.24%	14.9%
1971	2.11%	15.1%
1972	1.99%	15.3%
1973	1.88%	15.6%
1974	1.77%	15.8%
1975	1.67%	16.1%
1976	1.58%	16.3%
1977	1.51%	16.5%
1978	1.44%	16.7%
1979	1.39%	16.9%
1980	1.34%	17.1%
1981	1.29%	17.4%
1982	1.25%	17.6%
1983	1.21%	17.8%
1984	1.16%	17.8%
1985	1.12%	17.7%
1986	1.07%	17.5%
1987	1.02%	17.1%
1988	0.97%	16.6%
1989	0.93%	16.1%
1990	0.88%	15.6%
1991	0.83%	15%
1992	0.78%	14.5%
1993	0.73%	14%
1994	0.68%	13.5%
1995	0.64%	13.1%
1996	0.6%	12.6%
1997	0.56%	12%
1998	0.53%	11.5%
1999	0.5%	11%
2000	0.47%	10.5%
2001	0.44%	10%
2002	0.42%	9.6%
2003	0.39%	9.2%
2004	0.37%	8.82%
2005	0.35%	8.46%
2006	0.33%	8.12%
2007	0.31%	7.81%
2008	0.3%	7.53%
2009	0.29%	7.28%
2010	0.28%	7.07%
2011	0.27%	6.9%
2012	0.27%	6.77%
2013	0.26%	6.69%
2014	0.26%	6.62%
2015	0.26%	6.58%
2016	0.25%	6.57%
2017	0.25%	6.57%
2018	0.25%	6.58%
2019	0.25%	6.61%
2020	0.25%	6.63%
2021	0.24%	6.62%
2022	0.24%	6.57%
2023	0.23%	6.48%