Fertility & birth rates in Malawi and Mozambique

Fertility rate in Malawi vs Mozambique by year

Chart Table

Malawi

Mozambique

1x

Year	Fertility rate
	Malawi	Mozambique
2023	3.65	4.76
2022	3.72	4.84
2021	3.79	4.91
2020	3.88	4.96
2019	3.95	5.02
2018	4.02	5.07
2017	4.11	5.13
2016	4.22	5.19
2015	4.38	5.25
2014	4.57	5.3
2013	4.76	5.43
2012	4.9	5.52
2011	5.08	5.6
2010	5.26	5.66
2009	5.45	5.68
2008	5.61	5.6
2007	5.72	5.47
2006	5.8	5.45
2005	5.85	5.5
2004	5.86	5.55
2003	5.88	5.6
2002	5.9	5.67
2001	5.94	5.76
2000	6	5.83
1999	6.12	5.88
1998	6.21	5.91
1997	6.23	5.93
1996	6.29	5.97
1995	6.39	6.02
1994	6.49	6.08
1993	6.57	6.15
1992	6.63	6.22
1991	6.68	6.28
1990	6.74	6.32
1989	6.8	6.35
1988	6.88	6.37
1987	6.97	6.39
1986	7.07	6.41
1985	7.17	6.43
1984	7.27	6.44
1983	7.36	6.43
1982	7.45	6.43
1981	7.49	6.48
1980	7.52	6.53
1979	7.47	6.56
1978	7.43	6.59
1977	7.41	6.62
1976	7.39	6.64
1975	7.36	6.66
1974	7.34	6.67
1973	7.34	6.7
1972	7.33	6.7
1971	7.31	6.7
1970	7.3	6.7
1969	7.27	6.67
1968	7.26	6.65
1967	7.21	6.61
1966	7.17	6.58
1965	7.13	6.54
1964	7.11	6.51
1963	7.13	6.47
1962	7.1	6.42
1961	7.07	6.37
1960	7.04	6.31

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Malawi was 3.65 children per woman in 2023, compared to 4.76 in Mozambique in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Malawi vs Mozambique population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

Natural population change by year

Chart Table

Malawi

Mozambique

1x

Year	Natural population change
	Malawi	Mozambique
2023	549,096	1,025,334
2022	533,450	1,003,689
2021	517,400	951,234
2020	514,659	945,952
2019	506,104	927,581
2018	494,348	903,176
2017	484,655	876,594
2016	474,779	850,430
2015	472,484	824,435
2014	472,418	799,778
2013	470,293	784,641
2012	460,684	763,088
2011	454,149	741,303
2010	444,468	719,025
2009	434,811	693,673
2008	421,781	654,920
2007	410,290	610,913
2006	397,123	586,009
2005	381,130	570,132
2004	361,133	554,973
2003	341,133	540,992
2002	322,863	529,867
2001	310,833	519,594
2000	300,439	506,162
1999	295,629	491,814
1998	285,407	474,453
1997	277,433	461,209
1996	270,048	442,559
1995	266,745	421,630
1994	275,439	384,821
1993	276,538	369,518
1992	269,066	362,373
1991	260,193	357,676
1990	250,159	353,290
1989	237,967	348,833
1988	226,911	349,480
1987	220,566	334,438
1986	218,519	332,609
1985	216,179	307,625
1984	212,146	304,524
1983	209,422	324,158
1982	205,386	321,493
1981	199,436	322,207
1980	192,746	349,586
1979	182,123	331,162
1978	172,503	310,403
1977	161,930	289,193
1976	153,422	273,924
1975	145,254	257,984
1974	137,819	240,665
1973	131,529	226,847
1972	125,728	215,793
1971	121,015	211,137
1970	116,822	207,385
1969	113,120	202,174
1968	110,329	197,623
1967	106,668	193,044
1966	103,512	189,218
1965	100,040	185,931
1964	97,658	182,334
1963	95,933	180,867
1962	92,463	176,297
1961	89,091	171,236
1960	85,718	165,774

The chart above illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes in population resulting from births and deaths.

Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was +2.6% in Malawi and +3.05% in Mozambique.

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change has been +2.67% in Malawi and +3.08% in Mozambique.

Birth rate in Malawi vs Mozambique by year

Chart Table

Malawi

Mozambique

Annual births per 1,000 people

1x

Year	Annual births per 1,000 people
	Malawi	Mozambique
2023	31.4	37.5
2022	31.7	38
2021	32.1	38.4
2020	32.5	38.7
2019	32.9	39.1
2018	33.2	39.4
2017	33.7	39.8
2016	34.2	40.1
2015	35.3	40.4
2014	36.5	40.8
2013	37.7	41.6
2012	38.6	42
2011	39.7	42.5
2010	40.7	42.8
2009	41.7	42.9
2008	42.6	42.3
2007	43.3	41.3
2006	43.8	41.1
2005	44	41.4
2004	44	41.6
2003	43.9	42
2002	44	42.5
2001	44.2	43.1
2000	44.6	43.6
1999	45.4	43.9
1998	45.9	44
1997	46	44.3
1996	46.2	44.4
1995	46.8	44.4
1994	48.4	43.6
1993	48.4	45.1
1992	48.1	46.2
1991	48.4	46.8
1990	48.4	47.4
1989	48.5	48
1988	48.8	48.6
1987	48.6	49.4
1986	49.8	49.3
1985	50.4	49.7
1984	50.8	50.1
1983	51.4	50.5
1982	52	51
1981	52.4	51.9
1980	52.7	53
1979	52.4	51.9
1978	52.4	50.8
1977	52.4	49.8
1976	52.6	49.2
1975	52.7	48.4
1974	52.9	47.8
1973	53.2	47.3
1972	53.5	47
1971	53.7	47.2
1970	54	47.5
1969	54.1	47.6
1968	54.4	47.8
1967	54.3	47.9
1966	54.3	48
1965	54.1	48.2
1964	54.2	48.4
1963	54.4	48.5
1962	54.2	48.5
1961	54	48.4
1960	53.7	48.3

The latest reported birth rate per 1,000 people in 2023 was 31.4 in Malawi and 37.5 in Mozambique, compared with 53.7 and 48.3, respectively, in 1960.

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Chart Table

Malawi

Factual

UN forecast

Mozambique

Factual

UN forecast

1x

Year	Young
	Malawi	Mozambique
2100	19.9%	21.4%
2099	20%	21.5%
2098	20.2%	21.7%
2097	20.3%	21.8%
2096	20.4%	22%
2095	20.6%	22.1%
2094	20.7%	22.3%
2093	20.9%	22.5%
2092	21%	22.6%
2091	21.2%	22.8%
2090	21.3%	23%
2089	21.5%	23.2%
2088	21.6%	23.4%
2087	21.8%	23.6%
2086	22%	23.8%
2085	22.1%	24%
2084	22.3%	24.2%
2083	22.5%	24.4%
2082	22.7%	24.6%
2081	22.9%	24.9%
2080	23.1%	25.1%
2079	23.2%	25.3%
2078	23.4%	25.6%
2077	23.6%	25.8%
2076	23.8%	26.1%
2075	24.1%	26.4%
2074	24.3%	26.6%
2073	24.5%	26.9%
2072	24.7%	27.2%
2071	24.9%	27.4%
2070	25.2%	27.7%
2069	25.4%	28%
2068	25.6%	28.3%
2067	25.9%	28.6%
2066	26.1%	28.9%
2065	26.3%	29.2%
2064	26.6%	29.5%
2063	26.8%	29.9%
2062	27.1%	30.2%
2061	27.3%	30.5%
2060	27.6%	30.8%
2059	27.9%	31.2%
2058	28.1%	31.5%
2057	28.4%	31.9%
2056	28.7%	32.3%
2055	29%	32.6%
2054	29.3%	33%
2053	29.6%	33.4%
2052	29.9%	33.8%
2051	30.3%	34.2%
2050	30.6%	34.6%
2049	31%	35%
2048	31.4%	35.4%
2047	31.7%	35.8%
2046	32.1%	36.2%
2045	32.5%	36.7%
2044	32.9%	37.1%
2043	33.3%	37.5%
2042	33.7%	38%
2041	34%	38.4%
2040	34.4%	38.8%
2039	34.8%	39.2%
2038	35.1%	39.7%
2037	35.5%	40.1%
2036	35.9%	40.5%
2035	36.2%	40.9%
2034	36.5%	41.3%
2033	36.9%	41.7%
2032	37.2%	42%
2031	37.5%	42.4%
2030	37.9%	42.7%
2029	38.3%	43%
2028	38.8%	43.4%
2027	39.3%	43.7%
2026	39.9%	44%
2025	40.4%	44.3%
2024	40.7%	44.5%
2023	41.3%	44.8%
2022	41.9%	45%
2021	42.5%	45.1%
2020	43.1%	45.2%
2019	43.7%	45.3%
2018	44.2%	45.4%
2017	44.6%	45.5%
2016	45.1%	45.6%
2015	45.4%	45.7%
2014	45.7%	45.8%
2013	46%	45.8%
2012	46.1%	45.9%
2011	46.2%	45.8%
2010	46.2%	45.8%
2009	46.2%	45.6%
2008	46.1%	45.5%
2007	46.1%	45.4%
2006	46.1%	45.4%
2005	46%	45.3%
2004	46%	45.3%
2003	46.1%	45.3%
2002	46.1%	45.2%
2001	46.1%	45.1%
2000	46.2%	45.1%
1999	46.2%	45%
1998	46.2%	44.9%
1997	46.2%	44.8%
1996	46.2%	44.9%
1995	46.1%	45%
1994	46.1%	45.2%
1993	46%	45.4%
1992	45.8%	45.5%
1991	45.6%	45.6%
1990	45.4%	45.7%
1989	45.2%	45.7%
1988	45%	45.8%
1987	45.1%	45.9%
1986	45.4%	45.9%
1985	45.4%	45.9%
1984	45.5%	45.9%
1983	45.5%	45.8%
1982	45.4%	45.7%
1981	45.4%	45.6%
1980	45.4%	45.3%
1979	45.3%	44.9%
1978	45.3%	44.6%
1977	45.3%	44.3%
1976	45.2%	44.1%
1975	45.2%	44%
1974	45.1%	43.8%
1973	44.9%	43.7%
1972	44.8%	43.6%
1971	44.6%	43.4%
1970	44.4%	43.3%
1969	44.2%	43.1%
1968	43.9%	42.9%
1967	43.7%	42.7%
1966	43.4%	42.5%
1965	43.2%	42.2%
1964	43%	41.9%
1963	42.9%	41.6%
1962	42.8%	41.4%
1961	42.9%	41.2%
1960	43.1%	41%

Children aged 0-14 make up 40.7% of the population in Malawi and 44.5% in Mozambique in 2024, compared to 45.4% and 45.7% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Malawi and Mozambique compared.

Maternal mortality chart: Malawi vs Mozambique

Chart Table

Malawi

Mozambique

1x

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Malawi	Mozambique
2023	225	99
2022	239	104
2021	286	180
2020	256	123
2019	260	134
2018	267	159
2017	284	187
2016	312	202
2015	354	216
2014	367	210
2013	410	196
2012	447	218
2011	486	268
2010	517	305
2009	512	352
2008	430	365
2007	333	327
2006	286	298
2005	283	301
2004	304	321
2003	346	360
2002	404	398
2001	447	473
2000	506	547
1999	576	624
1998	658	694
1997	672	738
1996	713	819
1995	782	883
1994	912	902
1993	1,000	968
1992	1,042	1,046
1991	1,080	1,094
1990	1,112	1,150
1989	1,136	1,209
1988	1,154	1,259
1987	1,123	1,348
1986	1,118	1,355
1985	1,115	1,452

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 225 deaths per 100,000 live births in Malawi, compared to 99 deaths in Mozambique.

Under-five mortality rates

Chart Table

Malawi

Mozambique

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

1x

Year	Under 5 mortality rate
	Malawi	Mozambique
2023	3.83%	6.17%
2022	3.99%	6.43%
2021	4.15%	6.58%
2020	4.31%	6.73%
2019	4.55%	6.83%
2018	4.75%	6.95%
2017	5.06%	7.09%
2016	5.35%	7.23%
2015	5.67%	7.51%
2014	6.02%	7.92%
2013	6.4%	8.26%
2012	6.98%	8.63%
2011	7.67%	9.05%
2010	8.3%	9.5%
2009	8.81%	9.75%
2008	9.31%	10.4%
2007	9.83%	11%
2006	10.3%	11.8%
2005	11%	12.5%
2004	11.9%	13.2%
2003	13.2%	13.9%
2002	14.6%	14.6%
2001	16%	15.4%
2000	17.3%	16.3%
1999	18.4%	17.2%
1998	19.2%	18.2%
1997	19.7%	19.2%
1996	20.2%	20.1%
1995	20.7%	20.9%
1994	21.3%	21.6%
1993	22%	22.1%
1992	22.8%	22.6%
1991	23.6%	23%
1990	24.3%	23.3%
1989	24.9%	23.6%
1988	25.3%	23.9%
1987	25.5%	24.2%
1986	25.4%	24.5%
1985	25.1%	24.8%
1984	24.8%	25.1%
1983	24.5%	25.3%
1982	24.5%	25.5%
1981	24.9%	25.6%
1980	25.6%	25.6%
1979	26.5%	25.7%
1978	27.6%	25.7%
1977	28.7%	25.8%
1976	29.7%	26%
1975	30.6%	26.1%
1974	31.5%	26.3%
1973	32.4%	26.4%
1972	33.2%	26.6%
1971	33.9%	26.7%
1970	34.4%	26.8%
1969	34.7%	26.9%
1968	35%	26.9%
1967	35.1%	26.9%
1966	35.3%	26.8%
1965	35.4%	26.8%
1964	35.5%	26.7%
1963	35.7%	26.5%
1962	35.8%	-
1961	35.9%	-

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 3.83% in Malawi and 6.17% in Mozambique. Above is a chart with historical data on under-five mortality rates.