Fertility & birth rates in China and Romania

Fertility rate in China vs Romania by year

Chart Table

China

Romania

1x

Year	Fertility rate
	China	Romania
2023	1	1.71
2022	1.03	1.71
2021	1.12	1.81
2020	1.24	1.8
2019	1.5	1.77
2018	1.54	1.76
2017	1.8	1.78
2016	1.77	1.69
2015	1.67	1.62
2014	1.77	1.56
2013	1.71	1.46
2012	1.8	1.52
2011	1.67	1.47
2010	1.69	1.59
2009	1.71	1.66
2008	1.7	1.6
2007	1.67	1.45
2006	1.64	1.42
2005	1.62	1.4
2004	1.61	1.33
2003	1.57	1.3
2002	1.57	1.27
2001	1.56	1.27
2000	1.63	1.31
1999	1.53	1.3
1998	1.52	1.32
1997	1.53	1.32
1996	1.55	1.3
1995	1.59	1.33
1994	1.63	1.4
1993	1.69	1.43
1992	1.78	1.51
1991	1.93	1.59
1990	2.51	1.83
1989	2.52	2.22
1988	2.54	2.3
1987	2.76	2.38
1986	2.72	2.39
1985	2.63	2.31
1984	2.61	2.26
1983	2.56	2.06
1982	2.97	2.17
1981	2.79	2.36
1980	2.74	2.43
1979	2.75	2.49
1978	2.72	2.52
1977	2.84	2.57
1976	3.24	2.54
1975	3.57	2.59
1974	4.17	2.71
1973	4.73	2.44
1972	5.11	2.55
1971	5.52	2.67
1970	6.09	2.89
1969	6.18	3.19
1968	6.51	3.63
1967	5.81	3.66
1966	6.31	1.9
1965	6.61	1.91
1964	6.67	1.96
1963	7.51	2.01
1962	6.09	2.04
1961	3.86	2.17
1960	4.45	2.34

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in China was 1 children per woman in 2023, compared to 1.71 in Romania in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check China vs Romania population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

Natural population change by year

Chart Table

China

Romania

1x

Year	Natural population change
	China	Romania
2023	-2,087,851	-89,587
2022	-847,305	-93,338
2021	480,203	-141,504
2020	2,046,095	-100,179
2019	4,673,713	-60,053
2018	5,302,433	-62,316
2017	7,790,880	-50,930
2016	9,062,269	-53,196
2015	6,788,911	-59,447
2014	9,205,180	-55,745
2013	8,043,116	-59,951
2012	10,075,174	-54,157
2011	8,245,065	-56,413
2010	6,407,607	-46,567
2009	6,483,236	-34,625
2008	6,729,247	-30,806
2007	6,813,465	-37,590
2006	6,922,185	-38,148
2005	7,678,911	-40,508
2004	7,607,960	-42,904
2003	7,743,284	-56,093
2002	8,258,580	-58,673
2001	8,839,358	-37,625
2000	9,570,849	-22,443
1999	10,247,372	-31,461
1998	11,351,286	-33,761
1997	12,374,554	-42,853
1996	12,686,872	-56,548
1995	12,711,220	-36,295
1994	13,360,470	-18,184
1993	13,493,138	-13,658
1992	13,548,601	-4,559
1991	14,937,124	25,301
1990	16,335,313	69,605
1989	16,824,495	122,756
1988	17,328,640	126,817
1987	18,005,821	128,517
1986	16,609,920	134,737
1985	14,987,830	111,392
1984	13,561,671	117,731
1983	13,599,789	87,986
1982	15,815,318	119,121
1981	14,461,027	156,472
1980	11,647,260	168,776
1979	11,250,148	194,397
1978	11,473,980	204,148
1977	11,378,068	215,385
1976	11,782,472	213,361
1975	14,378,237	219,324
1974	15,738,118	235,530
1973	18,423,727	175,020
1972	19,102,585	198,316
1971	19,622,980	206,662
1970	21,137,076	234,905
1969	20,760,332	264,120
1968	21,206,083	338,577
1967	19,263,662	347,709
1966	19,282,187	115,293
1965	20,296,950	114,190
1964	19,302,532	134,326
1963	22,742,225	139,104
1962	17,969,132	130,736
1961	2,496,047	163,286
1960	-3,048,510	191,431

The chart above illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes in population resulting from births and deaths.

Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was -0.15% in China and -0.47% in Romania.

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change has been +0.31% in China and -0.4% in Romania.

Birth rate in China vs Romania by year

Chart Table

China

Romania

Annual births per 1,000 people

1x

Year	Annual births per 1,000 people
	China	Romania
2023	6.39	8
2022	6.77	9.4
2021	7.52	10.1
2020	8.52	10.3
2019	10.4	10.3
2018	10.9	10.4
2017	12.6	10.8
2016	13.6	10.4
2015	12	10.2
2014	13.8	10
2013	13	9.4
2012	14.6	10
2011	13.3	9.7
2010	11.9	10.5
2009	12	10.9
2008	12.1	10.8
2007	12.1	10.3
2006	12.1	10.4
2005	12.4	10.4
2004	12.3	10.1
2003	12.4	9.8
2002	12.9	9.7
2001	13.4	10
2000	14	10.4
1999	14.6	10.4
1998	15.6	10.5
1997	16.6	10.5
1996	17	10.2
1995	17.1	10.4
1994	17.7	10.9
1993	18.1	11
1992	18.3	11.4
1991	19.7	12
1990	21.1	13.6
1989	21.6	16
1988	22.4	16.5
1987	23.3	16.7
1986	22.4	16.5
1985	21	15.8
1984	19.9	15.5
1983	20.2	14.3
1982	22.3	15.3
1981	20.9	17
1980	18.2	18
1979	17.8	18.6
1978	18.3	19
1977	18.9	19.5
1976	19.9	19.4
1975	23	19.6
1974	24.8	20.3
1973	27.9	18.2
1972	29.8	18.8
1971	30.7	19.6
1970	33.4	21.1
1969	34.1	23.3
1968	35.6	26.6
1967	34	27
1966	35.1	14.2
1965	37.9	14.6
1964	39.1	15.2
1963	43.4	15.7
1962	37	16.2
1961	18	17.5
1960	20.9	19.1

The latest reported birth rate per 1,000 people in 2023 was 6.39 in China and 8 in Romania, compared with 20.9 and 19.1, respectively, in 1960.

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Chart Table

China

Factual

UN forecast

Romania

Factual

UN forecast

1x

Year	Young
	China	Romania
2100	7.83%	12.8%
2099	7.84%	12.8%
2098	7.87%	12.8%
2097	7.91%	12.9%
2096	7.96%	12.9%
2095	8.03%	13%
2094	8.1%	13.1%
2093	8.18%	13.1%
2092	8.26%	13.2%
2091	8.34%	13.2%
2090	8.41%	13.3%
2089	8.47%	13.4%
2088	8.52%	13.4%
2087	8.55%	13.5%
2086	8.57%	13.5%
2085	8.57%	13.5%
2084	8.56%	13.6%
2083	8.53%	13.6%
2082	8.48%	13.6%
2081	8.41%	13.6%
2080	8.34%	13.6%
2079	8.25%	13.6%
2078	8.15%	13.6%
2077	8.06%	13.6%
2076	7.96%	13.6%
2075	7.86%	13.6%
2074	7.77%	13.6%
2073	7.7%	13.6%
2072	7.64%	13.6%
2071	7.6%	13.6%
2070	7.58%	13.6%
2069	7.59%	13.6%
2068	7.63%	13.6%
2067	7.7%	13.6%
2066	7.8%	13.7%
2065	7.93%	13.7%
2064	8.08%	13.8%
2063	8.25%	13.8%
2062	8.44%	13.9%
2061	8.64%	13.9%
2060	8.84%	14%
2059	9.03%	14.1%
2058	9.22%	14.1%
2057	9.39%	14.2%
2056	9.54%	14.3%
2055	9.67%	14.3%
2054	9.78%	14.4%
2053	9.86%	14.4%
2052	9.92%	14.4%
2051	9.94%	14.4%
2050	9.94%	14.4%
2049	9.92%	14.4%
2048	9.88%	14.4%
2047	9.82%	14.4%
2046	9.75%	14.4%
2045	9.67%	14.3%
2044	9.59%	14.3%
2043	9.52%	14.3%
2042	9.46%	14.3%
2041	9.4%	14.2%
2040	9.35%	14.2%
2039	9.32%	14.2%
2038	9.3%	14.3%
2037	9.32%	14.3%
2036	9.42%	14.3%
2035	9.63%	14.4%
2034	10%	14.5%
2033	10.5%	14.6%
2032	11.2%	14.8%
2031	11.8%	15%
2030	12.4%	15.1%
2029	13.1%	15.2%
2028	13.8%	15.3%
2027	14.5%	15.4%
2026	15.1%	15.5%
2025	15.7%	15.6%
2024	16%	15.7%
2023	16.6%	15.9%
2022	17.1%	16%
2021	17.6%	16.1%
2020	18%	16.1%
2019	18.2%	16%
2018	18.3%	15.9%
2017	18.4%	15.8%
2016	18.3%	15.7%
2015	18.3%	15.7%
2014	18.3%	15.7%
2013	18.3%	15.7%
2012	18.3%	15.7%
2011	18.3%	15.8%
2010	18.5%	15.7%
2009	18.6%	15.7%
2008	18.9%	15.7%
2007	19.2%	15.7%
2006	19.6%	15.8%
2005	20.3%	16%
2004	21.2%	16.4%
2003	22%	16.9%
2002	22.9%	17.5%
2001	23.8%	18.1%
2000	24.5%	18.6%
1999	25.2%	19.1%
1998	25.7%	19.3%
1997	26.3%	19.6%
1996	27%	20%
1995	27.4%	20.5%
1994	27.8%	21%
1993	28.2%	21.6%
1992	28.4%	22.2%
1991	28.6%	22.8%
1990	28.8%	23.3%
1989	28.9%	23.7%
1988	29.3%	23.9%
1987	29.8%	24%
1986	30.4%	24.3%
1985	31.2%	24.6%
1984	32.2%	25.1%
1983	33.3%	25.9%
1982	34.3%	26.8%
1981	35.1%	27.1%
1980	36.1%	26.8%
1979	37.2%	26.5%
1978	38.6%	26.3%
1977	39.8%	26%
1976	40.3%	25.7%
1975	40.2%	25.3%
1974	40.2%	25.1%
1973	40.1%	24.9%
1972	40.4%	24.9%
1971	40.7%	24.9%
1970	40.8%	25.1%
1969	41%	25.1%
1968	41%	25.1%
1967	41.3%	25%
1966	41.5%	25.2%
1965	41.5%	26%
1964	41.2%	26.7%
1963	40.6%	27.3%
1962	40%	27.7%
1961	40%	28%
1960	40.3%	28.1%

Children aged 0-14 make up 16% of the population in China and 15.7% in Romania in 2024, compared to 28.8% and 23.3% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of China and Romania compared.

Maternal mortality chart: China vs Romania

Chart Table

China

Romania

1x

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	China	Romania
2023	16	12
2022	18	13
2021	21	20
2020	20	16
2019	21	14
2018	22	15
2017	24	17
2016	25	17
2015	26	18
2014	28	18
2013	30	18
2012	32	19
2011	33	20
2010	34	23
2009	35	25
2008	38	25
2007	38	25
2006	40	27
2005	42	30
2004	45	32
2003	47	35
2002	50	38
2001	52	41
2000	56	45
1999	58	51
1998	60	58
1997	63	66
1996	67	72
1995	71	75
1994	76	80
1993	80	87
1992	86	95
1991	92	104
1990	102	118
1989	104	143
1988	108	159
1987	114	173
1986	120	180
1985	125	184

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 16 deaths per 100,000 live births in China, compared to 12 deaths in Romania.

Under-five mortality rates

Chart Table

China

Romania

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

1x

Year	Under 5 mortality rate
	China	Romania
2023	0.62%	0.66%
2022	0.66%	0.66%
2021	0.7%	0.65%
2020	0.75%	0.66%
2019	0.8%	0.68%
2018	0.86%	0.73%
2017	0.92%	0.79%
2016	0.99%	0.85%
2015	1.07%	0.92%
2014	1.15%	0.99%
2013	1.25%	1.05%
2012	1.35%	1.12%
2011	1.46%	1.18%
2010	1.58%	1.24%
2009	1.71%	1.31%
2008	1.85%	1.4%
2007	2.01%	1.51%
2006	2.19%	1.66%
2005	2.4%	1.82%
2004	2.64%	1.94%
2003	2.89%	1.99%
2002	3.15%	2.01%
2001	3.42%	2.06%
2000	3.67%	2.16%
1999	3.91%	2.29%
1998	4.14%	2.44%
1997	4.36%	2.58%
1996	4.56%	2.68%
1995	4.75%	2.73%
1994	4.93%	2.76%
1993	5.08%	2.79%
1992	5.22%	2.84%
1991	5.31%	2.97%
1990	5.37%	3.14%
1989	5.39%	3.31%
1988	5.4%	3.43%
1987	5.4%	3.45%
1986	5.4%	3.33%
1985	5.43%	3.16%
1984	5.5%	3.08%
1983	5.61%	3.14%
1982	5.78%	3.28%
1981	6%	3.44%
1980	6.28%	3.57%
1979	6.62%	3.68%
1978	7.01%	3.76%
1977	7.47%	3.86%
1976	7.97%	4.05%
1975	8.5%	4.27%
1974	9.05%	4.43%
1973	9.61%	4.49%
1972	10.2%	4.64%
1971	10.7%	5.06%
1970	11.3%	5.69%
1969	11.9%	6.23%
1968	-	6.44%
1967	-	6.27%
1966	-	5.83%
1965	-	5.44%
1964	-	5.45%
1963	-	6.03%
1962	-	6.98%
1961	-	7.98%
1960	-	8.82%

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 0.62% in China and 0.66% in Romania. Above is a chart with historical data on under-five mortality rates.