Fertility & birth rates in China and Sri Lanka

Fertility rate in China vs Sri Lanka by year

Chart Table

China

Sri Lanka

1x

Year	Fertility rate
	China	Sri Lanka
2023	1	1.97
2022	1.03	1.98
2021	1.12	2
2020	1.24	2.01
2019	1.5	2.02
2018	1.54	2.03
2017	1.8	2.04
2016	1.77	2.06
2015	1.67	2.09
2014	1.77	2.13
2013	1.71	2.18
2012	1.8	2.17
2011	1.67	2.14
2010	1.69	2.13
2009	1.71	2.18
2008	1.7	2.23
2007	1.67	2.3
2006	1.64	2.29
2005	1.62	2.26
2004	1.61	2.27
2003	1.57	2.3
2002	1.57	2.31
2001	1.56	2.28
2000	1.63	2.21
1999	1.53	2.14
1998	1.52	2.14
1997	1.53	2.22
1996	1.55	2.29
1995	1.59	2.35
1994	1.63	2.4
1993	1.69	2.44
1992	1.78	2.49
1991	1.93	2.51
1990	2.51	2.54
1989	2.52	2.58
1988	2.54	2.57
1987	2.76	2.64
1986	2.72	2.74
1985	2.63	2.9
1984	2.61	3.01
1983	2.56	3.11
1982	2.97	3.32
1981	2.79	3.65
1980	2.74	3.73
1979	2.75	3.82
1978	2.72	3.81
1977	2.84	3.74
1976	3.24	3.78
1975	3.57	3.82
1974	4.17	3.86
1973	4.73	4
1972	5.11	4.16
1971	5.52	4.27
1970	6.09	4.39
1969	6.18	4.5
1968	6.51	4.66
1967	5.81	4.79
1966	6.31	4.83
1965	6.61	4.93
1964	6.67	5.06
1963	7.51	5.12
1962	6.09	5.18
1961	3.86	5.24
1960	4.45	5.35

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in China was 1 children per woman in 2023, compared to 1.97 in Sri Lanka in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check China vs Sri Lanka population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

Natural population change by year

Chart Table

China

Sri Lanka

1x

Year	Natural population change
	China	Sri Lanka
2023	-2,087,851	66,111
2022	-847,305	95,378
2021	480,203	121,858
2020	2,046,095	170,968
2019	4,673,713	172,243
2018	5,302,433	183,610
2017	7,790,880	187,993
2016	9,062,269	194,232
2015	6,788,911	201,815
2014	9,205,180	211,541
2013	8,043,116	221,021
2012	10,075,174	229,138
2011	8,245,065	224,461
2010	6,407,607	224,325
2009	6,483,236	200,175
2008	6,729,247	232,225
2007	6,813,465	248,287
2006	6,922,185	248,706
2005	7,678,911	248,683
2004	7,607,960	212,527
2003	7,743,284	252,008
2002	8,258,580	252,840
2001	8,839,358	244,377
2000	9,570,849	227,060
1999	10,247,372	206,876
1998	11,351,286	201,059
1997	12,374,554	208,193
1996	12,686,872	215,290
1995	12,711,220	221,957
1994	13,360,470	228,904
1993	13,493,138	226,257
1992	13,548,601	222,230
1991	14,937,124	218,117
1990	16,335,313	224,454
1989	16,824,495	212,401
1988	17,328,640	219,184
1987	18,005,821	226,414
1986	16,609,920	233,782
1985	14,987,830	247,836
1984	13,561,671	263,175
1983	13,599,789	277,768
1982	15,815,318	300,030
1981	14,461,027	328,096
1980	11,647,260	328,155
1979	11,250,148	329,791
1978	11,473,980	317,055
1977	11,378,068	300,038
1976	11,782,472	291,816
1975	14,378,237	282,496
1974	15,738,118	275,521
1973	18,423,727	278,577
1972	19,102,585	282,494
1971	19,622,980	281,200
1970	21,137,076	286,719
1969	20,760,332	286,218
1968	21,206,083	286,642
1967	19,263,662	284,738
1966	19,282,187	275,549
1965	20,296,950	272,422
1964	19,302,532	269,584
1963	22,742,225	262,880
1962	17,969,132	256,719
1961	2,496,047	251,087
1960	-3,048,510	247,631

The chart above illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes in population resulting from births and deaths.

Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was -0.15% in China and +0.3% in Sri Lanka.

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change has been +0.31% in China and +0.75% in Sri Lanka.

Birth rate in China vs Sri Lanka by year

Chart Table

China

Sri Lanka

Annual births per 1,000 people

1x

Year	Annual births per 1,000 people
	China	Sri Lanka
2023	6.39	11.2
2022	6.77	12.4
2021	7.52	12.9
2020	8.52	13.8
2019	10.4	14.6
2018	10.9	15.2
2017	12.6	15.4
2016	13.6	15.7
2015	12	16
2014	13.8	16.5
2013	13	17
2012	14.6	17.1
2011	13.3	17.1
2010	11.9	17.1
2009	12	17.6
2008	12.1	18.2
2007	12.1	18.8
2006	12.1	18.9
2005	12.4	18.7
2004	12.3	18.8
2003	12.4	19.1
2002	12.9	19.2
2001	13.4	19
2000	14	18.4
1999	14.6	17.9
1998	15.6	17.8
1997	16.6	18.5
1996	17	19
1995	17.1	19.6
1994	17.7	20
1993	18.1	20
1992	18.3	20.1
1991	19.7	20.2
1990	21.1	20.5
1989	21.6	20.6
1988	22.4	20.3
1987	23.3	20.8
1986	22.4	21.4
1985	21	22.4
1984	19.9	23.5
1983	20.2	24.4
1982	22.3	26
1981	20.9	28.1
1980	18.2	28.6
1979	17.8	29.3
1978	18.3	29
1977	18.9	28.3
1976	19.9	28.3
1975	23	28.2
1974	24.8	28.2
1973	27.9	28.9
1972	29.8	29.7
1971	30.7	30.2
1970	33.4	31.2
1969	34.1	31.8
1968	35.6	32.6
1967	34	33.2
1966	35.1	33.2
1965	37.9	33.8
1964	39.1	34.5
1963	43.4	34.7
1962	37	35.1
1961	18	35.6
1960	20.9	36.3

The latest reported birth rate per 1,000 people in 2023 was 6.39 in China and 11.2 in Sri Lanka, compared with 20.9 and 36.3, respectively, in 1960.

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Chart Table

China

Factual

UN forecast

Sri Lanka

Factual

UN forecast

1x

Year	Young
	China	Sri Lanka
2100	7.83%	13.1%
2099	7.84%	13.1%
2098	7.87%	13.2%
2097	7.91%	13.2%
2096	7.96%	13.2%
2095	8.03%	13.3%
2094	8.1%	13.3%
2093	8.18%	13.4%
2092	8.26%	13.4%
2091	8.34%	13.5%
2090	8.41%	13.6%
2089	8.47%	13.7%
2088	8.52%	13.7%
2087	8.55%	13.8%
2086	8.57%	13.9%
2085	8.57%	14%
2084	8.56%	14%
2083	8.53%	14.1%
2082	8.48%	14.2%
2081	8.41%	14.3%
2080	8.34%	14.3%
2079	8.25%	14.4%
2078	8.15%	14.5%
2077	8.06%	14.5%
2076	7.96%	14.6%
2075	7.86%	14.6%
2074	7.77%	14.7%
2073	7.7%	14.7%
2072	7.64%	14.8%
2071	7.6%	14.9%
2070	7.58%	14.9%
2069	7.59%	15%
2068	7.63%	15%
2067	7.7%	15.1%
2066	7.8%	15.2%
2065	7.93%	15.3%
2064	8.08%	15.4%
2063	8.25%	15.5%
2062	8.44%	15.6%
2061	8.64%	15.7%
2060	8.84%	15.8%
2059	9.03%	16%
2058	9.22%	16.1%
2057	9.39%	16.3%
2056	9.54%	16.4%
2055	9.67%	16.6%
2054	9.78%	16.8%
2053	9.86%	16.9%
2052	9.92%	17.1%
2051	9.94%	17.2%
2050	9.94%	17.4%
2049	9.92%	17.5%
2048	9.88%	17.7%
2047	9.82%	17.8%
2046	9.75%	17.9%
2045	9.67%	18%
2044	9.59%	18.2%
2043	9.52%	18.3%
2042	9.46%	18.4%
2041	9.4%	18.5%
2040	9.35%	18.6%
2039	9.32%	18.7%
2038	9.3%	18.9%
2037	9.32%	19%
2036	9.42%	19.1%
2035	9.63%	19.3%
2034	10%	19.5%
2033	10.5%	19.7%
2032	11.2%	19.9%
2031	11.8%	20.1%
2030	12.4%	20.3%
2029	13.1%	20.6%
2028	13.8%	20.9%
2027	14.5%	21.2%
2026	15.1%	21.5%
2025	15.7%	21.9%
2024	16%	22%
2023	16.6%	22.4%
2022	17.1%	22.7%
2021	17.6%	23%
2020	18%	23.3%
2019	18.2%	23.7%
2018	18.3%	24%
2017	18.4%	24.2%
2016	18.3%	24.5%
2015	18.3%	24.7%
2014	18.3%	24.9%
2013	18.3%	25%
2012	18.3%	25.2%
2011	18.3%	25.3%
2010	18.5%	25.4%
2009	18.6%	25.5%
2008	18.9%	25.6%
2007	19.2%	25.7%
2006	19.6%	25.7%
2005	20.3%	25.8%
2004	21.2%	26%
2003	22%	26.1%
2002	22.9%	26.3%
2001	23.8%	26.6%
2000	24.5%	27%
1999	25.2%	27.4%
1998	25.7%	27.8%
1997	26.3%	28.2%
1996	27%	28.6%
1995	27.4%	29.2%
1994	27.8%	29.9%
1993	28.2%	30.6%
1992	28.4%	31.4%
1991	28.6%	32.1%
1990	28.8%	32.5%
1989	28.9%	33%
1988	29.3%	33.5%
1987	29.8%	34%
1986	30.4%	34.6%
1985	31.2%	35.2%
1984	32.2%	35.5%
1983	33.3%	35.8%
1982	34.3%	36%
1981	35.1%	36.2%
1980	36.1%	36.4%
1979	37.2%	36.7%
1978	38.6%	36.9%
1977	39.8%	37.2%
1976	40.3%	37.6%
1975	40.2%	38%
1974	40.2%	38.4%
1973	40.1%	38.8%
1972	40.4%	39.2%
1971	40.7%	39.5%
1970	40.8%	39.7%
1969	41%	39.9%
1968	41%	40.1%
1967	41.3%	40.3%
1966	41.5%	40.4%
1965	41.5%	40.5%
1964	41.2%	40.6%
1963	40.6%	40.7%
1962	40%	40.8%
1961	40%	40.9%
1960	40.3%	41%

Children aged 0-14 make up 16% of the population in China and 22% in Sri Lanka in 2024, compared to 28.8% and 32.5% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of China and Sri Lanka compared.

Maternal mortality chart: China vs Sri Lanka

Chart Table

China

Sri Lanka

1x

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	China	Sri Lanka
2023	16	18
2022	18	22
2021	21	34
2020	20	23
2019	21	20
2018	22	21
2017	24	21
2016	25	22
2015	26	22
2014	28	23
2013	30	23
2012	32	24
2011	33	25
2010	34	26
2009	35	28
2008	38	30
2007	38	31
2006	40	32
2005	42	32
2004	45	37
2003	47	35
2002	50	36
2001	52	37
2000	56	39
1999	58	41
1998	60	43
1997	63	45
1996	67	47
1995	71	48
1994	76	49
1993	80	51
1992	86	54
1991	92	57
1990	102	59
1989	104	61
1988	108	62
1987	114	64
1986	120	66
1985	125	68

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 16 deaths per 100,000 live births in China, compared to 18 deaths in Sri Lanka.

Under-five mortality rates

Chart Table

China

Sri Lanka

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

1x

Year	Under 5 mortality rate
	China	Sri Lanka
2023	0.62%	0.61%
2022	0.66%	0.64%
2021	0.7%	0.66%
2020	0.75%	0.69%
2019	0.8%	0.72%
2018	0.86%	0.76%
2017	0.92%	0.79%
2016	0.99%	0.83%
2015	1.07%	0.87%
2014	1.15%	0.92%
2013	1.25%	0.98%
2012	1.35%	1.03%
2011	1.46%	1.08%
2010	1.58%	1.12%
2009	1.71%	2.08%
2008	1.85%	1.2%
2007	2.01%	1.26%
2006	2.19%	1.33%
2005	2.4%	1.4%
2004	2.64%	2.88%
2003	2.89%	1.52%
2002	3.15%	1.55%
2001	3.42%	1.58%
2000	3.67%	1.63%
1999	3.91%	1.69%
1998	4.14%	1.76%
1997	4.36%	1.86%
1996	4.56%	1.95%
1995	4.75%	2.05%
1994	4.93%	2.14%
1993	5.08%	2.22%
1992	5.22%	2.29%
1991	5.31%	2.32%
1990	5.37%	2.33%
1989	5.39%	2.74%
1988	5.4%	2.41%
1987	5.4%	2.54%
1986	5.4%	2.74%
1985	5.43%	3.02%
1984	5.5%	3.35%
1983	5.61%	3.67%
1982	5.78%	3.98%
1981	6%	4.29%
1980	6.28%	4.63%
1979	6.62%	4.99%
1978	7.01%	5.38%
1977	7.47%	5.77%
1976	7.97%	6.12%
1975	8.5%	6.41%
1974	9.05%	6.62%
1973	9.61%	6.77%
1972	10.2%	6.86%
1971	10.7%	6.94%
1970	11.3%	7.02%
1969	11.9%	7.14%
1968	-	7.32%
1967	-	7.55%
1966	-	7.81%
1965	-	8.07%
1964	-	8.3%
1963	-	8.48%
1962	-	8.66%
1961	-	8.95%
1960	-	9.41%

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 0.62% in China and 0.61% in Sri Lanka. Above is a chart with historical data on under-five mortality rates.