Fertility & birth rates in China and Thailand

Fertility rate in China vs Thailand by year

Chart Table

China

Thailand

1x

Year	Fertility rate
	China	Thailand
2023	1	1.21
2022	1.03	1.22
2021	1.12	1.23
2020	1.24	1.26
2019	1.5	1.29
2018	1.54	1.32
2017	1.8	1.36
2016	1.77	1.4
2015	1.67	1.45
2014	1.77	1.48
2013	1.71	1.53
2012	1.8	1.56
2011	1.67	1.57
2010	1.69	1.56
2009	1.71	1.57
2008	1.7	1.59
2007	1.67	1.62
2006	1.64	1.63
2005	1.62	1.64
2004	1.61	1.67
2003	1.57	1.67
2002	1.57	1.69
2001	1.56	1.71
2000	1.63	1.73
1999	1.53	1.77
1998	1.52	1.82
1997	1.53	1.85
1996	1.55	1.87
1995	1.59	1.89
1994	1.63	1.93
1993	1.69	1.97
1992	1.78	2.01
1991	1.93	2.04
1990	2.51	2.07
1989	2.52	2.14
1988	2.54	2.17
1987	2.76	2.26
1986	2.72	2.36
1985	2.63	2.45
1984	2.61	2.58
1983	2.56	2.76
1982	2.97	2.94
1981	2.79	3.13
1980	2.74	3.29
1979	2.75	3.45
1978	2.72	3.62
1977	2.84	3.87
1976	3.24	4.12
1975	3.57	4.36
1974	4.17	4.6
1973	4.73	4.85
1972	5.11	5.08
1971	5.52	5.25
1970	6.09	5.45
1969	6.18	5.7
1968	6.51	5.93
1967	5.81	6.08
1966	6.31	6.18
1965	6.61	6.26
1964	6.67	6.31
1963	7.51	6.34
1962	6.09	6.33
1961	3.86	6.32
1960	4.45	6.33

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in China was 1 children per woman in 2023, compared to 1.21 in Thailand in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check China vs Thailand population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

Natural population change by year

Chart Table

China

Thailand

1x

Year	Natural population change
	China	Thailand
2023	-2,087,851	-46,105
2022	-847,305	-61,046
2021	480,203	57,382
2020	2,046,095	84,107
2019	4,673,713	116,867
2018	5,302,433	159,383
2017	7,790,880	194,695
2016	9,062,269	226,255
2015	6,788,911	266,362
2014	9,205,180	294,628
2013	8,043,116	325,059
2012	10,075,174	351,485
2011	8,245,065	365,670
2010	6,407,607	370,466
2009	6,483,236	382,636
2008	6,729,247	401,730
2007	6,813,465	425,362
2006	6,922,185	441,211
2005	7,678,911	456,378
2004	7,607,960	466,542
2003	7,743,284	488,003
2002	8,258,580	504,299
2001	8,839,358	524,230
2000	9,570,849	543,884
1999	10,247,372	578,073
1998	11,351,286	617,318
1997	12,374,554	644,834
1996	12,686,872	661,397
1995	12,711,220	682,703
1994	13,360,470	712,589
1993	13,493,138	737,696
1992	13,548,601	754,999
1991	14,937,124	760,508
1990	16,335,313	760,808
1989	16,824,495	774,563
1988	17,328,640	765,252
1987	18,005,821	774,498
1986	16,609,920	783,430
1985	14,987,830	776,935
1984	13,561,671	779,856
1983	13,599,789	794,239
1982	15,815,318	817,951
1981	14,461,027	839,297
1980	11,647,260	845,575
1979	11,250,148	843,434
1978	11,473,980	847,799
1977	11,378,068	871,232
1976	11,782,472	894,072
1975	14,378,237	911,980
1974	15,738,118	923,151
1973	18,423,727	933,540
1972	19,102,585	940,420
1971	19,622,980	936,215
1970	21,137,076	937,116
1969	20,760,332	948,314
1968	21,206,083	953,806
1967	19,263,662	944,980
1966	19,282,187	929,469
1965	20,296,950	909,000
1964	19,302,532	885,137
1963	22,742,225	860,728
1962	17,969,132	828,741
1961	2,496,047	801,140
1960	-3,048,510	774,190

The chart above illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes in population resulting from births and deaths.

Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was -0.15% in China and -0.06% in Thailand.

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change has been +0.31% in China and +0.18% in Thailand.

Birth rate in China vs Thailand by year

Chart Table

China

Thailand

Annual births per 1,000 people

1x

Year	Annual births per 1,000 people
	China	Thailand
2023	6.39	8.24
2022	6.77	8.38
2021	7.52	8.54
2020	8.52	8.79
2019	10.4	9.06
2018	10.9	9.4
2017	12.6	9.77
2016	13.6	10.1
2015	12	10.6
2014	13.8	11
2013	13	11.4
2012	14.6	11.8
2011	13.3	11.9
2010	11.9	12
2009	12	12.2
2008	12.1	12.5
2007	12.1	12.9
2006	12.1	13.2
2005	12.4	13.5
2004	12.3	13.8
2003	12.4	14.1
2002	12.9	14.3
2001	13.4	14.7
2000	14	15
1999	14.6	15.6
1998	15.6	16.3
1997	16.6	16.8
1996	17	17.3
1995	17.1	17.7
1994	17.7	18.2
1993	18.1	18.7
1992	18.3	19.2
1991	19.7	19.5
1990	21.1	19.6
1989	21.6	20.1
1988	22.4	20.2
1987	23.3	20.7
1986	22.4	21.3
1985	21	21.7
1984	19.9	22.3
1983	20.2	23.3
1982	22.3	24.5
1981	20.9	25.5
1980	18.2	26.3
1979	17.8	26.8
1978	18.3	27.5
1977	18.9	28.6
1976	19.9	29.8
1975	23	31.1
1974	24.8	32.3
1973	27.9	33.5
1972	29.8	34.7
1971	30.7	35.6
1970	33.4	36.7
1969	34.1	38.3
1968	35.6	39.7
1967	34	40.8
1966	35.1	41.6
1965	37.9	42.2
1964	39.1	42.8
1963	43.4	43.2
1962	37	43.4
1961	18	43.6
1960	20.9	43.8

The latest reported birth rate per 1,000 people in 2023 was 6.39 in China and 8.24 in Thailand, compared with 20.9 and 43.8, respectively, in 1960.

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Chart Table

China

Factual

UN forecast

Thailand

Factual

UN forecast

1x

Year	Young
	China	Thailand
2100	7.83%	11.4%
2099	7.84%	11.4%
2098	7.87%	11.4%
2097	7.91%	11.4%
2096	7.96%	11.4%
2095	8.03%	11.3%
2094	8.1%	11.3%
2093	8.18%	11.3%
2092	8.26%	11.3%
2091	8.34%	11.3%
2090	8.41%	11.3%
2089	8.47%	11.3%
2088	8.52%	11.3%
2087	8.55%	11.3%
2086	8.57%	11.3%
2085	8.57%	11.3%
2084	8.56%	11.3%
2083	8.53%	11.3%
2082	8.48%	11.3%
2081	8.41%	11.3%
2080	8.34%	11.2%
2079	8.25%	11.2%
2078	8.15%	11.2%
2077	8.06%	11.2%
2076	7.96%	11.1%
2075	7.86%	11.1%
2074	7.77%	11.1%
2073	7.7%	11%
2072	7.64%	11%
2071	7.6%	11%
2070	7.58%	11%
2069	7.59%	10.9%
2068	7.63%	10.9%
2067	7.7%	10.9%
2066	7.8%	10.9%
2065	7.93%	10.9%
2064	8.08%	10.9%
2063	8.25%	11%
2062	8.44%	11%
2061	8.64%	11%
2060	8.84%	11.1%
2059	9.03%	11.1%
2058	9.22%	11.1%
2057	9.39%	11.2%
2056	9.54%	11.2%
2055	9.67%	11.3%
2054	9.78%	11.3%
2053	9.86%	11.4%
2052	9.92%	11.4%
2051	9.94%	11.5%
2050	9.94%	11.5%
2049	9.92%	11.6%
2048	9.88%	11.6%
2047	9.82%	11.6%
2046	9.75%	11.7%
2045	9.67%	11.7%
2044	9.59%	11.7%
2043	9.52%	11.7%
2042	9.46%	11.8%
2041	9.4%	11.8%
2040	9.35%	11.8%
2039	9.32%	11.9%
2038	9.3%	11.9%
2037	9.32%	12%
2036	9.42%	12%
2035	9.63%	12.1%
2034	10%	12.2%
2033	10.5%	12.4%
2032	11.2%	12.6%
2031	11.8%	12.8%
2030	12.4%	13%
2029	13.1%	13.3%
2028	13.8%	13.6%
2027	14.5%	13.9%
2026	15.1%	14.2%
2025	15.7%	14.6%
2024	16%	14.7%
2023	16.6%	15.1%
2022	17.1%	15.4%
2021	17.6%	15.8%
2020	18%	16.2%
2019	18.2%	16.6%
2018	18.3%	16.9%
2017	18.4%	17.3%
2016	18.3%	17.7%
2015	18.3%	18.1%
2014	18.3%	18.5%
2013	18.3%	18.8%
2012	18.3%	19.2%
2011	18.3%	19.7%
2010	18.5%	20.1%
2009	18.6%	20.6%
2008	18.9%	20.9%
2007	19.2%	21.3%
2006	19.6%	21.7%
2005	20.3%	22.2%
2004	21.2%	22.6%
2003	22%	23%
2002	22.9%	23.4%
2001	23.8%	23.9%
2000	24.5%	24.4%
1999	25.2%	24.9%
1998	25.7%	25.4%
1997	26.3%	25.9%
1996	27%	26.4%
1995	27.4%	26.9%
1994	27.8%	27.4%
1993	28.2%	28%
1992	28.4%	28.5%
1991	28.6%	29.2%
1990	28.8%	30%
1989	28.9%	30.7%
1988	29.3%	31.5%
1987	29.8%	32.4%
1986	30.4%	33.2%
1985	31.2%	34.1%
1984	32.2%	35.1%
1983	33.3%	36%
1982	34.3%	37%
1981	35.1%	37.8%
1980	36.1%	38.7%
1979	37.2%	39.5%
1978	38.6%	40.3%
1977	39.8%	41.1%
1976	40.3%	41.8%
1975	40.2%	42.4%
1974	40.2%	43%
1973	40.1%	43.5%
1972	40.4%	44%
1971	40.7%	44.4%
1970	40.8%	44.8%
1969	41%	45%
1968	41%	45.2%
1967	41.3%	45.3%
1966	41.5%	45.4%
1965	41.5%	45.4%
1964	41.2%	45.3%
1963	40.6%	45.1%
1962	40%	44.8%
1961	40%	44.6%
1960	40.3%	44.3%

Children aged 0-14 make up 16% of the population in China and 14.7% in Thailand in 2024, compared to 28.8% and 30% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of China and Thailand compared.

Maternal mortality chart: China vs Thailand

Chart Table

China

Thailand

1x

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	China	Thailand
2023	16	34
2022	18	112
2021	21	38
2020	20	36
2019	21	34
2018	22	34
2017	24	34
2016	25	34
2015	26	34
2014	28	34
2013	30	35
2012	32	36
2011	33	37
2010	34	37
2009	35	37
2008	38	37
2007	38	38
2006	40	38
2005	42	40
2004	45	44
2003	47	42
2002	50	44
2001	52	47
2000	56	49
1999	58	48
1998	60	47
1997	63	48
1996	67	49
1995	71	52
1994	76	54
1993	80	57
1992	86	58
1991	92	59
1990	102	60
1989	104	64
1988	108	67
1987	114	72
1986	120	78
1985	125	88

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 16 deaths per 100,000 live births in China, compared to 34 deaths in Thailand.

Under-five mortality rates

Chart Table

China

Thailand

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

1x

Year	Under 5 mortality rate
	China	Thailand
2023	0.62%	0.92%
2022	0.66%	0.95%
2021	0.7%	0.98%
2020	0.75%	1.01%
2019	0.8%	1.04%
2018	0.86%	1.08%
2017	0.92%	1.11%
2016	0.99%	1.15%
2015	1.07%	1.19%
2014	1.15%	1.23%
2013	1.25%	1.27%
2012	1.35%	1.32%
2011	1.46%	1.37%
2010	1.58%	1.42%
2009	1.71%	1.47%
2008	1.85%	1.53%
2007	2.01%	1.59%
2006	2.19%	1.66%
2005	2.4%	1.73%
2004	2.64%	1.81%
2003	2.89%	1.89%
2002	3.15%	1.98%
2001	3.42%	2.08%
2000	3.67%	2.18%
1999	3.91%	2.29%
1998	4.14%	2.41%
1997	4.36%	2.53%
1996	4.56%	2.67%
1995	4.75%	2.81%
1994	4.93%	2.96%
1993	5.08%	3.12%
1992	5.22%	3.3%
1991	5.31%	3.49%
1990	5.37%	3.69%
1989	5.39%	3.91%
1988	5.4%	4.12%
1987	5.4%	4.34%
1986	5.4%	4.57%
1985	5.43%	4.8%
1984	5.5%	5.03%
1983	5.61%	5.28%
1982	5.78%	5.53%
1981	6%	5.79%
1980	6.28%	6.07%
1979	6.62%	6.36%
1978	7.01%	6.67%
1977	7.47%	7%
1976	7.97%	7.35%
1975	8.5%	7.73%
1974	9.05%	8.14%
1973	9.61%	8.56%
1972	10.2%	9.01%
1971	10.7%	9.47%
1970	11.3%	9.95%
1969	11.9%	10.4%
1968	-	10.9%
1967	-	11.4%
1966	-	11.8%
1965	-	12.3%
1964	-	12.8%
1963	-	13.2%
1962	-	13.7%
1961	-	14.2%
1960	-	14.7%

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 0.62% in China and 0.92% in Thailand. Above is a chart with historical data on under-five mortality rates.