Fertility & birth rates in China and Costa Rica

Fertility rate in China vs Costa Rica by year

Chart Table

China

Costa Rica

1x

Year	Fertility rate
	China	Costa Rica
2023	1	1.33
2022	1.03	1.34
2021	1.12	1.35
2020	1.24	1.45
2019	1.5	1.6
2018	1.54	1.71
2017	1.8	1.71
2016	1.77	1.75
2015	1.67	1.8
2014	1.77	1.8
2013	1.71	1.78
2012	1.8	1.85
2011	1.67	1.88
2010	1.69	1.83
2009	1.71	1.95
2008	1.7	1.98
2007	1.67	1.95
2006	1.64	1.94
2005	1.62	2.04
2004	1.61	2.03
2003	1.57	2.08
2002	1.57	2.16
2001	1.56	2.31
2000	1.63	2.41
1999	1.53	2.48
1998	1.52	2.53
1997	1.53	2.59
1996	1.55	2.68
1995	1.59	2.78
1994	1.63	2.86
1993	1.69	2.93
1992	1.78	3
1991	1.93	3.08
1990	2.51	3.17
1989	2.52	3.24
1988	2.54	3.31
1987	2.76	3.38
1986	2.72	3.45
1985	2.63	3.51
1984	2.61	3.52
1983	2.56	3.53
1982	2.97	3.54
1981	2.79	3.56
1980	2.74	3.58
1979	2.75	3.65
1978	2.72	3.66
1977	2.84	3.7
1976	3.24	3.75
1975	3.57	3.8
1974	4.17	3.89
1973	4.73	3.99
1972	5.11	4.16
1971	5.52	4.36
1970	6.09	4.59
1969	6.18	4.84
1968	6.51	5.03
1967	5.81	5.42
1966	6.31	5.7
1965	6.61	5.96
1964	6.67	6.19
1963	7.51	6.39
1962	6.09	6.54
1961	3.86	6.65
1960	4.45	6.71

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in China was 1 children per woman in 2023, compared to 1.33 in Costa Rica in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check China vs Costa Rica population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

Natural population change by year

Chart Table

China

Costa Rica

1x

Year	Natural population change
	China	Costa Rica
2023	-2,087,851	24,109
2022	-847,305	21,409
2021	480,203	20,119
2020	2,046,095	29,164
2019	4,673,713	37,682
2018	5,302,433	42,469
2017	7,790,880	43,471
2016	9,062,269	45,565
2015	6,788,911	49,077
2014	9,205,180	49,559
2013	8,043,116	49,227
2012	10,075,174	52,036
2011	8,245,065	52,884
2010	6,407,607	50,803
2009	6,483,236	55,757
2008	6,729,247	56,491
2007	6,813,465	55,244
2006	6,922,185	54,177
2005	7,678,911	57,139
2004	7,607,960	55,769
2003	7,743,284	56,743
2002	8,258,580	58,388
2001	8,839,358	62,199
2000	9,570,849	64,268
1999	10,247,372	64,922
1998	11,351,286	64,788
1997	12,374,554	64,954
1996	12,686,872	66,094
1995	12,711,220	67,585
1994	13,360,470	68,336
1993	13,493,138	69,016
1992	13,548,601	69,830
1991	14,937,124	70,506
1990	16,335,313	71,727
1989	16,824,495	72,327
1988	17,328,640	72,944
1987	18,005,821	73,188
1986	16,609,920	73,211
1985	14,987,830	72,776
1984	13,561,671	71,062
1983	13,599,789	68,972
1982	15,815,318	66,826
1981	14,461,027	64,632
1980	11,647,260	62,561
1979	11,250,148	60,984
1978	11,473,980	58,327
1977	11,378,068	56,122
1976	11,782,472	54,019
1975	14,378,237	51,979
1974	15,738,118	50,349
1973	18,423,727	48,943
1972	19,102,585	48,417
1971	19,622,980	48,341
1970	21,137,076	48,398
1969	20,760,332	48,790
1968	21,206,083	48,361
1967	19,263,662	50,193
1966	19,282,187	50,755
1965	20,296,950	51,196
1964	19,302,532	51,435
1963	22,742,225	51,403
1962	17,969,132	51,046
1961	2,496,047	50,149
1960	-3,048,510	48,857

The chart above illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes in population resulting from births and deaths.

Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was -0.15% in China and +0.47% in Costa Rica.

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change has been +0.31% in China and +0.74% in Costa Rica.

Birth rate in China vs Costa Rica by year

Chart Table

China

Costa Rica

Annual births per 1,000 people

1x

Year	Annual births per 1,000 people
	China	Costa Rica
2023	6.39	10.2
2022	6.77	10.3
2021	7.52	10.5
2020	8.52	11.4
2019	10.4	12.7
2018	10.9	13.6
2017	12.6	13.8
2016	13.6	14.2
2015	12	14.7
2014	13.8	14.8
2013	13	14.8
2012	14.6	15.5
2011	13.3	15.8
2010	11.9	15.4
2009	12	16.5
2008	12.1	16.8
2007	12.1	16.6
2006	12.1	16.4
2005	12.4	17.3
2004	12.3	17.1
2003	12.4	17.6
2002	12.9	18.2
2001	13.4	19.4
2000	14	20.2
1999	14.6	20.7
1998	15.6	21
1997	16.6	21.5
1996	17	22.2
1995	17.1	23
1994	17.7	23.6
1993	18.1	24.3
1992	18.3	25
1991	19.7	25.7
1990	21.1	26.7
1989	21.6	27.5
1988	22.4	28.3
1987	23.3	29.1
1986	22.4	29.8
1985	21	30.4
1984	19.9	30.5
1983	20.2	30.5
1982	22.3	30.5
1981	20.9	30.4
1980	18.2	30.4
1979	17.8	30.5
1978	18.3	30.2
1977	18.9	30
1976	19.9	29.9
1975	23	29.8
1974	24.8	29.9
1973	27.9	30.1
1972	29.8	30.7
1971	30.7	31.6
1970	33.4	32.6
1969	34.1	33.8
1968	35.6	34.6
1967	34	36.8
1966	35.1	38.3
1965	37.9	39.9
1964	39.1	41.4
1963	43.4	42.7
1962	37	43.9
1961	18	44.8
1960	20.9	45.5

The latest reported birth rate per 1,000 people in 2023 was 6.39 in China and 10.2 in Costa Rica, compared with 20.9 and 45.5, respectively, in 1960.

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Chart Table

China

Factual

UN forecast

Costa Rica

Factual

UN forecast

1x

Year	Young
	China	Costa Rica
2100	7.83%	10.3%
2099	7.84%	10.3%
2098	7.87%	10.3%
2097	7.91%	10.3%
2096	7.96%	10.3%
2095	8.03%	10.4%
2094	8.1%	10.4%
2093	8.18%	10.4%
2092	8.26%	10.4%
2091	8.34%	10.4%
2090	8.41%	10.5%
2089	8.47%	10.5%
2088	8.52%	10.5%
2087	8.55%	10.5%
2086	8.57%	10.5%
2085	8.57%	10.5%
2084	8.56%	10.5%
2083	8.53%	10.6%
2082	8.48%	10.6%
2081	8.41%	10.5%
2080	8.34%	10.5%
2079	8.25%	10.5%
2078	8.15%	10.5%
2077	8.06%	10.5%
2076	7.96%	10.5%
2075	7.86%	10.5%
2074	7.77%	10.5%
2073	7.7%	10.5%
2072	7.64%	10.5%
2071	7.6%	10.5%
2070	7.58%	10.5%
2069	7.59%	10.6%
2068	7.63%	10.6%
2067	7.7%	10.7%
2066	7.8%	10.8%
2065	7.93%	10.8%
2064	8.08%	10.9%
2063	8.25%	11%
2062	8.44%	11.2%
2061	8.64%	11.3%
2060	8.84%	11.4%
2059	9.03%	11.5%
2058	9.22%	11.7%
2057	9.39%	11.8%
2056	9.54%	11.9%
2055	9.67%	12.1%
2054	9.78%	12.2%
2053	9.86%	12.3%
2052	9.92%	12.4%
2051	9.94%	12.6%
2050	9.94%	12.7%
2049	9.92%	12.8%
2048	9.88%	12.9%
2047	9.82%	13%
2046	9.75%	13%
2045	9.67%	13.1%
2044	9.59%	13.2%
2043	9.52%	13.3%
2042	9.46%	13.4%
2041	9.4%	13.5%
2040	9.35%	13.5%
2039	9.32%	13.6%
2038	9.3%	13.7%
2037	9.32%	13.9%
2036	9.42%	14%
2035	9.63%	14.2%
2034	10%	14.5%
2033	10.5%	14.9%
2032	11.2%	15.3%
2031	11.8%	15.7%
2030	12.4%	16.2%
2029	13.1%	16.7%
2028	13.8%	17.1%
2027	14.5%	17.6%
2026	15.1%	18.1%
2025	15.7%	18.5%
2024	16%	18.8%
2023	16.6%	19.3%
2022	17.1%	19.8%
2021	17.6%	20.3%
2020	18%	20.7%
2019	18.2%	21.1%
2018	18.3%	21.4%
2017	18.4%	21.8%
2016	18.3%	22.1%
2015	18.3%	22.5%
2014	18.3%	23%
2013	18.3%	23.4%
2012	18.3%	23.9%
2011	18.3%	24.3%
2010	18.5%	24.9%
2009	18.6%	25.4%
2008	18.9%	25.9%
2007	19.2%	26.5%
2006	19.6%	27.1%
2005	20.3%	27.7%
2004	21.2%	28.4%
2003	22%	29.1%
2002	22.9%	29.8%
2001	23.8%	30.5%
2000	24.5%	31.1%
1999	25.2%	31.8%
1998	25.7%	32.4%
1997	26.3%	33%
1996	27%	33.6%
1995	27.4%	34.1%
1994	27.8%	34.6%
1993	28.2%	35%
1992	28.4%	35.4%
1991	28.6%	35.7%
1990	28.8%	36%
1989	28.9%	36.1%
1988	29.3%	36.2%
1987	29.8%	36.2%
1986	30.4%	36.3%
1985	31.2%	36.3%
1984	32.2%	36.4%
1983	33.3%	36.5%
1982	34.3%	36.7%
1981	35.1%	37.1%
1980	36.1%	37.5%
1979	37.2%	38%
1978	38.6%	38.6%
1977	39.8%	39.2%
1976	40.3%	40%
1975	40.2%	40.8%
1974	40.2%	41.5%
1973	40.1%	42.3%
1972	40.4%	43.1%
1971	40.7%	43.8%
1970	40.8%	44.4%
1969	41%	45%
1968	41%	45.5%
1967	41.3%	45.9%
1966	41.5%	46.3%
1965	41.5%	46.5%
1964	41.2%	46.6%
1963	40.6%	46.7%
1962	40%	46.7%
1961	40%	46.6%
1960	40.3%	46.4%

Children aged 0-14 make up 16% of the population in China and 18.8% in Costa Rica in 2024, compared to 28.8% and 36% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of China and Costa Rica compared.

Maternal mortality chart: China vs Costa Rica

Chart Table

China

Costa Rica

1x

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	China	Costa Rica
2023	16	24
2022	18	27
2021	21	44
2020	20	34
2019	21	26
2018	22	28
2017	24	27
2016	25	27
2015	26	26
2014	28	27
2013	30	27
2012	32	27
2011	33	28
2010	34	29
2009	35	29
2008	38	30
2007	38	30
2006	40	30
2005	42	31
2004	45	33
2003	47	33
2002	50	34
2001	52	35
2000	56	36
1999	58	36
1998	60	37
1997	63	38
1996	67	39
1995	71	39
1994	76	39
1993	80	39
1992	86	39
1991	92	39
1990	102	40
1989	104	40
1988	108	40
1987	114	41
1986	120	42
1985	125	43

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 16 deaths per 100,000 live births in China, compared to 24 deaths in Costa Rica.

Under-five mortality rates

Chart Table

China

Costa Rica

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

1x

Year	Under 5 mortality rate
	China	Costa Rica
2023	0.62%	1.05%
2022	0.66%	1.01%
2021	0.7%	0.97%
2020	0.75%	0.94%
2019	0.8%	0.91%
2018	0.86%	0.89%
2017	0.92%	0.89%
2016	0.99%	0.89%
2015	1.07%	0.9%
2014	1.15%	0.92%
2013	1.25%	0.95%
2012	1.35%	0.98%
2011	1.46%	1.02%
2010	1.58%	1.05%
2009	1.71%	1.07%
2008	1.85%	1.09%
2007	2.01%	1.11%
2006	2.19%	1.12%
2005	2.4%	1.13%
2004	2.64%	1.15%
2003	2.89%	1.18%
2002	3.15%	1.22%
2001	3.42%	1.26%
2000	3.67%	1.31%
1999	3.91%	1.36%
1998	4.14%	1.41%
1997	4.36%	1.45%
1996	4.56%	1.47%
1995	4.75%	1.49%
1994	4.93%	1.51%
1993	5.08%	1.53%
1992	5.22%	1.57%
1991	5.31%	1.62%
1990	5.37%	1.69%
1989	5.39%	1.78%
1988	5.4%	1.89%
1987	5.4%	2.01%
1986	5.4%	2.12%
1985	5.43%	2.2%
1984	5.5%	2.25%
1983	5.61%	2.27%
1982	5.78%	2.29%
1981	6%	2.33%
1980	6.28%	2.45%
1979	6.62%	2.65%
1978	7.01%	2.96%
1977	7.47%	3.39%
1976	7.97%	3.93%
1975	8.5%	4.54%
1974	9.05%	5.17%
1973	9.61%	5.82%
1972	10.2%	6.45%
1971	10.7%	7.02%
1970	11.3%	7.48%
1969	11.9%	7.85%
1968	-	8.17%
1967	-	8.49%
1966	-	8.78%
1965	-	9.02%
1964	-	9.18%
1963	-	9.25%
1962	-	9.27%
1961	-	9.36%
1960	-	9.62%

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 0.62% in China and 1.05% in Costa Rica. Above is a chart with historical data on under-five mortality rates.